Major important agricultural crop Diseases list

1. 1. RICE
By fungi:
Sl. No. Name of the disease Sexual stage
(Telomorphic)
Asexual stage
( Anamorphic)
1
Blast
Magnaporthe grisea Pyricularia oryzae
2 Brown Spot Cochliobolus miyabeanus Helminthosporium oryzae
3 False smut/ green
smut
Claviceps oryzae – sativa Ustilaginoidea virens
4 Foot rot/ Bakanae Gibberella fujikuroi Fusarium moniliforme
5 Udabatta/ agarbatti
disease of rice
Balansia oryzae Ephilis oryzae
6 Stack burn disease Trichoconis padwickii/
Alternaria padwicki
7 Sheath rot of paddy Sarocladium oryzae and Sacroladium attenuatum.
By bacteria:
1 Bacterial leaf blight Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
2 Bacterial leaf streak Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola
By nematode:
1 White tip Aphelechoides oryzae
2 Ufra Ditylenchus angustus
3 Rice root ( Mentek) Hirschmaniella oryzae
By virus: Rice tungro and Grassy stunt
By phytoplasma: Rice yellow dwarf

2. 2. WHEAT
By fungi:
1 Black or stem rust Puccinia graminis
tritici
2 Leaf, brown or orange rust Puccinia recondita
3 Yellow or stripe rust Puccinia striiformis
4 Loose smut Ustilago tritici (=U.
nuda tritici)
5 Rough spored bunt or
Stinking smut
Tilletia caries
6 Smooth spored bunt Tilletia foetida
7 Karnal bunt Neovassia indica
8 Flag smut of wheat Urocystis agropyri
9 Powdery mildew Blumeria graminis
tritici
10 Leaf blight Alternaria triticiana
By bacteria:
1. Tundu or yellow ear rot Corynebacterium tritici/
Rathayibacter tritici
By nematode:
1 Seed gall Anguina tritici
2 Molya Heterodera avenae
By virus: Barley yellow dwarf

3. 3. SORGHUM
By fungi:
1
Downy Mildew
Peronosclerospora sorghi
2 Anthracnose Glomerella graminicola Colletotrichum
graminicola
3 Rust Puccinia purpurea
4 Grain smut Sphacelotheca sorghi
5
Loose smut
Sphacelotheca cruenta
6 Head smut Sphacelotheca reiliana
7 Long smut Tolyposporium ehrenbergii
8 Ergot or Sugary disease Claviceps purpurea Sphacelia sorghi
9 Charcoal rot Macrophomina
phaseolina
4. BAJRA
By fungi:
1
Downy mildew / Green ear Sclerospora
graminicola
2 Ergot or Sugary disease Claviceps fusiformis
3 Rust Puccinia penniseti
5. MAIZE
By fungi:
1
Downy mildew/Crazy top
Sclerospora macrospora
2 Turcicum Leaf blight Helminthosporium maydis
3 Rust Puccinia sorghi

4. 4 Charcoal rot Macrophomina phaseolina
5 Brown spot Pysoderma zeae
6 Coomon smut of Maize Ustilago maydis
Brown stripe downy
mildew
Sclerophthora rayssiae
Philippine downy mildew Peronosclerospora
philippinensis = Sclerospora
philippinensis
Sorghum downy mildew Peronosclerospora
sorghi = Sclerospora sorghi
Spontaneum downy
mildew
Peronosclerospora
spontanea = Sclerospora
spontanea
Sugarcane downy mildew Peronosclerospora
sacchari = Sclerospora
sacchari
6. RAGI
By fungi:
1
Blast
Magnaporthe grisea Pyricularia grisea
2
Green ear/crazy top/downy
mildew
Sclerophthora
macrospora
3
Smut Melanopsichium
eleusinis

5. 7. GREEN GRAM & BLACK GRAM
By fungi:
1 Powdery mildew Erysiphe polygoni Oidium sp.
2 Leaf spot Cercospora canescens
3 Dry root rot Rhizoctonia bataticola
By virus: yellow mosaic virus
8. REDGRAM
By fungi:
1 Wilt Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
udum
2 Powdery mildew Levillula taurica Oidiopsis sp.
3 Canker Diplodia cajani
By virus: Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus
9. COWPEA
By fungi:
1 Powdery mildew Erysiphe polygoni Oidium sp.
2
Wilt Fusarium oxysporum f.
sp. tracheiphilum
3
Anthracnose Colletotrichum
lindimuthiaum
4 Rust Uromyces sp.
By virus: aphid borne mosaic virus

6. 10. CHICKPEA/ GRAM
By fungi:
1 Wilt Fusarium oxysporum f.sp
ciceris-aeritini
2 Ascochyta leaf blight Mycospaerella
pinodes
Ascochyta rabiei
11. GROUNDNUT
By fungi:
1 Early leaf spot Mycosphaerella
arachidis
Cercopora
arachidicola
2 Late leaf spot Mycosphaerella
berkeleyii
Phaeoisariopsis
personata
3 Rust Puccinia arachidis
4 Collar rot or crown rot Aspergillus niger
By virus: Groundnut bud necrosis
12. SUNFLOWER
By fungi:
1 Leaf blight Alternaria helianthi
2 Downy mildew Plasmopara halstedii
3 Rust Puccinia helianthi
4 Powdery mildew Erysiphe cichoracearum Oidium sp.
By virus: sunflower necrosis

7. 13. SESAMUM
By fungi:
1 Leaf blight Alternaria helianthi
By phytoplasma: Phyllody
14. MUSTARD
By fungi:
1 White rust Albugo candida
2 Downy mildew Perenospora
brassicae
15. LINSEED
By fungi:
1 Rust Melampsora lini
16. SOYBEAN
By fungi:
1 Rust Phakospora pachyrhizi
2 Purple seed stain Cercospora kikuchii
By virus: yellow mosaic virus

8. 17. COTTON
By fungi:
1
Wilt
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
vasinfectum
2 Verticillium wilt Verticillium dahliae
3 Root rot Rhizoctonia bataticola &
R. solani
4 Grey or Areolate
mildew
Mycosphaerella
areola
Ramularia areola
By bacteria:
1 Bacterial blight Xanthomonas campestris p.v
malvacearum
By virus: Cotton leaf curl
18. TOBACCO
By fungi:
1
Damping off Pythium
aphanidermatum
2 Black shank Phytophthora
parasitica var.
nicotianae
3 Frog eye spot Cercospora
nicotianae
4
Powdery mildew
Erysiphe
cichoracearum var.
nicotianae
5

9. By bacteria:
1 Wild fire Pseudomonas syringe pv. tabaci
By virus: Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), tobacco leaf curl
19. SUGARCANE
By fungi:
1
Red rot Physalospora
tucumanensis
Colletotrichum
falcatum
2 Whip Smut Ustilago scitaminea
3 Sett rot or Pineapple
disease
Ceratocystis
paradoxa
4 Rust Puccinia melanocephala
By virus: Sugarcane mosaic virus
By phytoplasma: Grassy shoot
By FVB: Ratoon stunting
20. MANGO
By fungi:
1
Anthracnose
Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides
2 Powdery mildew Acrosporium mangiferae Oidium mangiferae
3 Mango malformation Fusarium
moniliforme
4 Black banded Rhinocladium corticolum

10. 21. BANANA
By fungi:
1 Panama wilt disease Fusarium oxysporum f.sp
cubense
2 Sigatoka leaf spot Mycosphaerella
musicola
Cercospora musae
3 Anthracnose Gloeosporium musarum
By bacteria:
1 Mokowilt Ralstonia solanacearum
2 Tip over or Heat rot Erwinia cerotovora
By virus: Banana bunchy top virus
By nematode:
1 Burrowing nematode Rhadopholus similis
22. GRAPES
By fungi:
1 Downy mildew Plasmopara viticola
2 Powdery mildew Unicnual necator Oidiopsis
3 Bird’s eye spot/Anthracnose Gloeosporium
ampelogum
4 Black rot Guignardia bidwelli Phyllosticta sp.
5 Rust Phakospora vitis

11. 23. CITRUS
By fungi:
1 Gummosis Phytophthora parasitica,
palmivora,
P. citrophthora
Diplodia natalensis
2 Powdery mildew Oidium tingitaninum
3 Scab/Verucosis Elsinoe fawcetti
By bacteria:
1 Canker Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri
By virus: Tristeza or quick decline
By viroid: Exocortis
By FVB: Greening (Spiroplasma citri)
24. GAUVA
By fungi:
1 Scab Pestalotia psidi
2 Wilt Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
psidi
3 Stem Canker Physalospora psidi
4 Red rust ( Algae) Cephaleuros virescens
25. APPLE
By fungi:
1 Scab Venturia inaqualis
(Spilocaea pomi
2 Powdery mildew Podosphaera leucotricha

12. By bacteria:
1 Crown gall Agrobacterium tumefacian
By virus: Mosaic virus
26. PAPAYA
By fungi:
1 Foot or stem rot Pythium
aphanldermatum
2 Leaf spot Phyllosticta swata
3 Dry root rot Macrophomina
phaseolina
By virus: Ring spot virus and Leaf curl virus
27. JACK FRUIT
By fungi:
1 Rhizopus fruit rot Rhizopus atrocarpi
2 Pink disesase Pellicularia salmonocolor
28. PINE APPLE
By fungi:
1 Wilt Ceratocystis paradoxa
2 Root rot Phytopthora parasitica
29. SAPOTA
By fungi:
1 Leaf spot Phavophleospora indica
2 Sooty mould Capnodium sp.

13. 30. POMEGRANATE
By fungi:
1 Leaf spot Cercospora punicae
2 Wilt Ceratocystis paradoxa
31. POTATO
By fungi:
1 Late blight Phytopthora infestans
2 Early blight Alternaria solani
3 Black scurf Rhizoctonia solani
4 Wart Synchytrium endobioticum
5 Powdery scab Spongospora subterranea
By bacteria:
1 Bacterial wilt Ralstonia solanacearum
2 Soft rot and black leg Erwinia carotovora
By virus: PVX, PVY, Leaf Roll
32. CHILLI
By fungi:
1 Damping-off Pythium
aphanidermatum
2 Powdery mildew Leveillula taurica Oidiopsis
3 Anthracnose/ Fruit rot / Die-back Colletotrichum capsici
4 Leaf spot Cercospora capsici

14. By virus: Mosaic, Leaf curl
33. TOMATO
By fungi:
1 Damping off Pythium spp
2 Early blight Alternaria solani
3 Late blight Phytophthora infestans
4 Buck eye rot of tomato Phytophthora nicotianae
var. parasitica
5 Wilt Fusarium oxysporum
f.sp lycopersici
By bacteria:
1 Wilt Ralstonia solanacearum
2 Canker Clavibacter michigenensis pv michigenensis
By virus: Leaf curl , Shoe string, Mosaic
34. BRINJAL
By fungi:
1 Damping off Pythium aphanidermatum P.
debaryanum P. ultimum
2 Phomopsis blight
and Fruit rot
Phomopsis vexans
3 Leaf spots Cercospora
melongenae
4 Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria
melongenae

15. By bacteria:
1 Bacterial wilt Ralstonia solanacearum
35. CRUCIFERS’
By fungi:
1 Club root Plosmodiophora brassicae
2 Downy mildew Peronospora parasitica
3 Leaf spot Alternaria brassicicola, A.
brassicae
4 White rust Albugo Candida
By bacteria:
1 Block rot Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
By virus: Cauliflower mosaic virus
36. CUCURBITS
1 Powdery mildew Erysiphe cichoracearum
Spherotheca fuligena
2 Downy mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis
3 Anthracnose Colletotrichum
lagenarium
4 Leaf spot Cercospora sp
By virus: Cucumber mosaic virus
37. PEA
By fungi:
1 Powdery mildew Erysiphe polygoni
2 Rust Uromyces fabae
3 Downy mildew Pernospora pisi

16. 38. BEANS
By fungi:
1 Anthracnose Glomerella
lindimuthianum
Colletotrichum
lindimuthianum
2 Rust Uromyces phaseoli
3 Powdery mildew Ervsiphae polygoni
4 Leaf spot Cercospora cruenta
5 Dry root rot Macrophomina
phaseolina
By virus: Bean common mosaic virus
39. OKRA(BHENDI)
By fungi:
1 Powdery Erysiphe cichoracearum
2 Damping off Pythium indicum
3 Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora abelmoschi
By virus: Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus
40. CARROT
By fungi:
1 Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora carotae
2 Alternaria blight Alternaria dauci
By bacteria:
1 Soft rot Erwinia caretovora caretovora
2 Bacterial blight Xanthomonas campestris pv. carotae

17. 41. CORIANDER
By fungi:
1 Stem gall Protomyces macrosporus
42. BEETROOT
By fungi:
1 Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora beticola
43. SWEET POTATO
By fungi:
1 Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora ipomoea
2 Black rot Ceratocystis fimbriata
3 Stem rot or wilt or surface rot Fusarium oxysporun f.sp.
batatus
4 Soft rot rhizopus rot Rhizopus nigricans
R. stolonifer
44. ONION
By fungi:
1 Purple blotch Alternarja porri
2 Smut Urocystis cepulae
3 Basal rot Fusarium oxysporum
f.sp.cepae
45. COCONUT
By fungi:
1 Bud rot Phytophthora
palmivora
2 Basal Stem Rot / Thanjavur
wilt / Bole rot
Ganoderma lucidum
3 Stem bleeding Ceratocystis paradoxa

18. 4 Grey leaf blight Pestalotia palmarum
Phytoplasma: Kerala wilt / Root wilt disease
46.ARECANUT
By fungi:
1 Mahali disease / Kole roga Phytophthora arecae
2 Foot rot /Anabe roga Ganoderma lucidum
3 Die-back (or) button shedding Colletotrichum
sporioidies
4 Bud rot Phytophthora arecae
5 Stem bleeding Thielaviopsis
paradoxa
By phytoplasma : yellows
47. BLACK PEPPER
By fungi:
1 Quick wilt /Phytophthora foot
rot
Phytophthora capsici
2 .Pollu Disease Colletotrichum
gloeosporiodes
48. CARDMOM
By fungi:
1 Capsule rot Phytophthora meadii
2 Clump rot of rhizome Pythium vexans
Rhizoctinia sp.
By virus: Katte disease, Foorkey disease, Chirkey disease or mosaic

19. 49. GINGER
By fungi:
1 Rhizome rot Phthium
aphanidermatum
2 Yellows Fusarium oxysporum
3 Ginger leaf spot Phyllosticta zingiberi
50. TURMERIC
By fungi:
1 Turmeric leaf spot Colletotrichum capsici
2 Turmeric leaf blotch Taphrina maculans
51. TEA
By fungi:
1 Blister blight Exobasidium vexans
2 Pink disease Pellicularia salmonicolor
3 Grey blight : Pestalotiopsis theae
4 Black rot Corticium invisum, C.
theae
5 Red Rust Root disease Cephalous parasiticus
52. COFFEE
By fingi:
1 Leaf rust Hemiliea vastatrix
2 Anthracnose Glomerella cingulate
3 Brown eye spot Cercospora coffeicola
4 Black rot Corticium salmonicolor
5 Sooty mould Capnodium brasiliense

20. 53. RUBBER
By fungi:
1 Secondary leaf Phytophthora meadii
2 Powdery mildew Oidium heveae
3 Pink disease Corticium Salmonicolor /C.
Javanicum
4 White root disease Fomes lignosus
5 Brown root disease Fomes noxius
6 Bird’s eye spot Helminthosporium
heveae
7 Anthracnose Gleomerella cingulata
54. CASHEW
By fungi:
1 Pink disease Corticium salmonicolor
2 Decline Pythium spinosum
3 Inflorescence blight Gloesporium manigiferae
4 Powdery mildew Acrosporium canacardii
5 Anthracnose Colletotrichum
gloesporioides
6 Damping off Phytopthora palmivora
55. BETELVINE
By fungi:
1 Foot rot and leaf rot Phytophthora
parasitica var piperina
2 Sclerotial foot rot and wilt Sclerotium rolfsii
3 Powdery mildew Oidium piperis

21. 56. ROSE
By fungi:
1 Powdery mildew Sphaerotheca pannosa
2 Die back Diplodia rosarum
3 Black spot Diplocarpon rosae
4 Rust Phragmidium mucronatum
57. CHRYSANTHEMUM
By fungi:
1 Rust Puccinia chrysanthemi
2 Leaf spot Alternaria, Cercospora,
Phyllosticta Chrysanthemi
3 Powdery mildew Oidium chrysanthemi
58. JASMINE
By fungi:
1 Leaf spot Cercospora jasminicola,
Alternaria alternata
2 Wilt Fusarium solani,
Sclerotium rolfsii
3 Rust Uromyees habsonii
By phytoplasma: Phyllody
59. MARIGOLD
By fungi:
1 Leaf spot Septaria tagietcola
2 Wilt and stem rot Phytophthora cryptogea