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French Revolution Essay
The French Revolution was a time for expansion in human freedom. It was a way for the French to reā€“invent their government to give some sort of
equality for their people. There were many successes the French Revolution made, such as creating public schools for children and making it mandatory
for them to attend. The French Revolution had the intentions to create a better government and lifestyle for their people, such as Jacobins who believed
in the poor having their turn to rule. Though, others opposed the ideas of the revolution. Those people did not go unpunished by their beliefs. This was
known as the Reign of Terror, which was not completely necessary for their society.
The French Revolution was held in order to stop...show more content...
"Part I: All children will attend school, boys between the ages of 5 and 12, girls between the ages of 5 and 11. (Draft of Law on Public Education,
by Citizen Robespierre)" This showed how the government was serious in making sure all people in France had some education. This was a great
success because every person could at least read and write. Lastly, women were finally given the freedom of equality. Woman had always been
oppressed by men because of physical capability, they were not as physically strong as men. But, they were finally able to pass a law of equality in a
written declaration. "Article 1: Woman is born free and lives equal to man in her rights. Social distinctions can be based only on the common utility.
(Declaration of the Rights of Women, by Olympe de Gouge)" This clearly shows that the French Revolution aided women in the right of equality with
men. These successes clearly show how the French Revolution helped to expand human freedom.
The people who supported the Revolution were known as Jacobins. They were people who believed that the poor should have the turn to rule, they
represented the lower class people. This group was made up of anyone who believed in their ideas, even women. Two men who were part of the
Jacobins were Georges Danton and Jeanā€“Paul Marat. They highly believed in the poor being in control. Danton once stated "The Rich used to rule
Paris. Now we cry: "Make way for the
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Political Impacts Of The French Revolution
During the 16th through 18th centuries, European civilization experienced big changes to its social, political, and economic structures. A break from
the Middle Ages began during the Scientific Revolution when respected thinkers of the time began to explore new possibilities, such as the likelihood
of a sunā€“centered universe instead of an earthā€“centered one. The Enlightenment was an intellectual and cultural movement that pointed out the danger
of unchecked authority and concentrated on values of law, reason, humanity, and religious toleration. The French Revolution represented a broad wave
of political changes and democratic ideas that splashed France, and subsequently, all of Europe. TheIndustrial Revolution changed the way people lived
...show more content...
After Tycho's death, his assistant, young mathematician Johannes Kepler used Tycho's observations and came up with his First Law that orbits of the
planets are elliptical instead of round like Copernicus believed. With his Second Law, Kepler stated that the speed of the planets depends on their
distance from the sun which helped English astronomer and physicist Isaac Newton, to come up with his Law of Universal Gravitation.
Galileo Galilei built a telescope in 1609, and he studied the night sky, observing the earthlike features of the Moon, moons orbiting Jupiter, and sun
spots. He published his work, which later earned him a trial by the church and a house arrest for life. "According to a story that began to circulate
shortly afterward, as he left the court for house arrest he stamped his foot and muttered deŠæĀ¬Šƒantly, looking down at the earth: Still, it moves" (page
530, Chapter 16). Francis Bacon and RenŠ“Ā© Descartes established standards of practice and scientific evidence, and they were true believers in human
thinking. Physician, William Harvey contributed to science by observing dissected living animals and experimented on himself that the blood circulates
in our bodies through veins, heart, and arteries. Inventor and experimenter Robert Hooke introduced microscope into the laboratory and studied the
structure of plants on the cellular level. Isaac Newton gave us laws of motion, universal gravity, the reflecting telescope, optic theories,
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The French Revolution Essay
The French Revolution was a time of turmoil in which an uprising for equality turned into a massacre. The poor became poorer, King Louis XVI lost
power, and hundreds of thousands of people would end up losing their lives. Over the course of the revolution, there were two phases of the
government that occurred that each had different causes. The economic and ideological cause of the liberal phase of the government was due to the
disputes over inequality among the estates and dismantling of the old regime, while the cause of the radical phase of the government was based off of
the belief that the revolution did not meet the original revolutionary beliefs. In the beginning of the French Revolution the economy revolved around the
three estates; the first estate, the second estate, and the third estate. The first estate consisted of privileged church members and the clergy, making up
one percent of the total population. Church members and clergy members were wealthy people that consistently caused corruption between the other
estates. The churches owned ten percent of all wealth and were not required to pay taxes. Enlightenment thinkers, whom emphasized reason and
individualism over tradition, believed the church taught nothing but nonsense. The second estate consists of nobles who were slightly less privileged
than the church and clergy members. Consisting of two to five percent of the population, these members owned a third of all land. Noblemen faced
different
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The French Revolution Essay
The French Revolution
The French Revolution last from 1789 to 1799. This war had many causes that began the revolution. Its causes ranged from the American Revolution,
the economic crisis in France, social injustices to the immediate causes like the fall of Bastille, the Convening of he Estateā€“General, and the Great Fear.
As a result of this revolution there many effects , immediate and long term. The immediate effects were the declaration of rights of man, abolishing of
olds reign, execution of king and queen, the reign of terror, and war and forming of the citizenā€“army. The long term effects were the rise of Napoleon,
spread of revolutionary ideas, growth of nationalism, and the conservative reaction.
The contributing factors to...show more content...
In this way the privileged classes had combined to outvote the third estate, which included more than 90 percent of the population. Another cause was
the fall of Bastille. The falling of the Bastille marked a turning pointā€“attempts at reform had become a fullā€“scale revolution. One of the causes was the
economic problems of many common people had become worse, because poor weather conditions had ruined the harvest. As a result, the price of
bread, the most important food of the poorer classes had increased. Violence grew in both the cities and the countryside during the spring and
summer. While hungry artisans revolted in urban areas, starved peasants searched the provinces for food and work. These vagrants were rumored to
be armed agents of landlords hired to destroy crops and harass the common people. Many rural peasants began to panic, known as the Great Fear.
They attacked the homes of their landlords to protect local grain supplies and reducing rents on their land. Also Lewis XVI gave in so reluctantly, for
example, taking months to approve the Declaration of Rights, which made hostility of the crown only increased.
The immediate effects of the French Revolution Was the Declaration of the Rights of Man. This was one of the most constructive achievements of the
French Revolution. The Rights of Man said that there would be equality of all persons before the law; equitable taxation; protection against loss of
property through arbitrary
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The French Revolution was basically a war of the social classes. The middle class believed that in order to gain equality they had to get rid of the
privileges that were stopping the progress of their rise in society. To do this they had to gain power within the government and make changes, such as,
improving the tax system, creating a fair system of production where profits went to the producer, improving the whole economic system of the
government, and plus many more. The revolution was a fight for equality; it was not a rebellion against poverty. Many of the French people had
learned to with poverty for they had been living in poverty for centuries.
Before the Revolution, only fair reforms, or changes, were wanted by the people....show more content...
The Third Estate consisted of the common people. It included the middle class, peasants and city workers. The middle class was made up of the
merchants and manufacturers, lawyers, doctors and others. Peasants were the largest group within the Third Estate. They were forced to pay large
taxes, tithes to the church, and rents to their landlords for the land that they lived on. The city workers were servants, apprentices, and household maids.
The major cause of the French Revolution was the differences that these three groups had. France suffered from severe economic problems. The French
government borrowed significant amounts of money to pay for the wars of Louis XIV. These costs greatly increased the national debt.
When King Louis XVI came into power, he did not know what to do about the debt, until he found a man by the name of Robert Turgot. He tried to
introduce a major reform that would tax the nobles. He had difficulties doing so because the king could not tax the nobles unless the Parliament
approved of the new tax laws. The people in the Parliament that voted on these laws were the nobles and so of course rejected Turgot's reform. After
Turgot was rejected, the king fired him. In August 1788, Louis XVI had decided to summon the Estatesā€“General, convocation of the three estates,
which had not met since 1614, in order to solve government's financial problems (Course Pack 178). Louis
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Was The French Revolution Justified
During the French Revolution heads rolling off bodies were a sign of liberty; rather than death . Was the chopping of heads on the ravished colored
guillotine justified ? Were the peoples struggles and oppression by the french government not enough . There are many reasons at to why the french
revolted. The french revolted after the king ignored their cries for wheat to be planted after the famine to feed their staving families , Poor farmers
revolted after their all their hard works pay were then given to the Government to fund Queen Marie Antoinette lavish parties and her superfluous of
fashion statements , but they all revolted after their opinions weren't given the time of day . The third estate got fed up and began to call themselves
...show more content...
In the result of the growing opinion extremist began an oligarchy Committee of Public Safety who stood for things , as libertŠ“Ā© , equalite ,
fraternite. Slowly the very man who started an revolt was revolted against by the people he fought for . The conservatives still overthrew Robespierre
and the committee of public safety and Robespierre was unfortunately beheaded . "The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. No
body nor individual may exercise any authority which does not proceed directly from the nation." In the D.O.R.O.M they say the choice relies wit the
nation and the nation no longer wanted Robespierre as their leader , and the committee took it in strive. Still many french believe without a radical
selfā€“righteous leader like Robespierre the french wouldn't have an infamous great Emperor like Napoleon Bonaparte . I think the reign of terror
was justified because some people had to be made an example out of and it had to be the king and queen who caused and did nothing to stop the
oppression of their people. I think the reign of terror brought those who starved to death while the queen said " let them eat cake" justice . It showed
how detrimental rulers who were out of touch with there people could be
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French Revolution Essay
"LibertŠ“Ā©, EgalitŠ“Ā©, FraternitŠ“Ā©" was the maxim that echoed from the lips of French insurgents during the eighteenth century. Liberty, equality, and
fraternity were the demands of the people that resonated everywhere, whether they were on streets or in salons. Freedom, impartiality, and solidarity
were the words of a battle cry that all the faces of France, especially those with feminine features, chanted. Whether they were mere breadwinners in the
confines of their homes, or rich nobles sympathetic to the insurrection, the women contributed a great deal to the lowerā€“class citizens of the country.
The rights and roles of women are pertinent to the French Revolution because the roles they played assisted the people's rise to power, they...show more
content...
The females grappled for their equal rights. At the time, there were politicians, writers, actresses and even chocolate manufacturers that established the
Society for Revolutionary Women. Together, "the women [had] resolved to set forth in a solemn declaration the natural, inalienable, and sacred rights
of woman in order that this declaration, constantly exposed before all the members of society, will ceaselessly remind them of their rights and duties"
(Spielvogel 661). In other words, the women openly proclaimed their rights and duties as their own, and no one could take them without due process.
After the National Assembly published their variant of the Declaration of Independence, Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, a woman
named Marieā€“Olympe de Gouges took note of the fact that it seemed to deliberately exclude women. In response, she published the Declaration of the
Rights of Woman and of the Citizen ("Marieā€“Olympe de Gouges"). The Encyclopedia of World Biography confirms that "the Declaration of the Rights
of Woman and of the Citizen stated that women were equal to men in every respect and thus were entitled to the same rights". Truly, she was an
example of a woman who wielded her words to fight for liberation. In addition to that, they
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Was the French Revolution Successful? Essay
Many historians credit the French Revolution as being the beginning of modern politics. The revolution singleā€“handedly crushed the monarchical way
of politics, the aristocratic domination up to that point in France, and the dominance of the church in French politics. The revolution abolished the
feudal system and was one of the biggest steps towards modernity throughout history. The French Revolution was a successful endeavour on the part of
the French people because it reformed social tradition and the hierarchy of French aristocracy by making all men equal, the Enlightenment ideals which
the revolution was based on came through to a great extent.
Before the French Revolution, France was a feudal kingdom. Louis XVI ruled the land, and...show more content...
In this way, the French Revolution was extremely successful.
The French Revolution was based on an assortment of Enlightenment ideals. French philosophers, including Voltaire and Rousseau led the revolution
leading up to the revolution, so to speak, coming up with progressive ideals as to government, social structure, and the nature of people. Indeed, the
ideals which the revolution was fought in the name of progressed throughout France and, eventually, Europe. Though the revolution took wrong turns
along the way, the ideals which it was based on never wavered. Even during the heart of his Reign of Terror, Robespierre spoke of a state where each
citizen wants to do good by his country. This shows Robespierre with an unwavering commitment to the state, an ideal which came out of the
Enlightenment. Though he may have carried out his beliefs in a gruesome and perhaps wrong way, his ideals were the same as the Enlightenment
philosophers: make the state better for all to live in.
After Robespierre and the Directory, Napoleon came to power. Though he is criticized for being a militaristic dictator, Napoleon was able to spread
Enlightenment ideals, in the form of the Napoleonic Code, throughout Europe. This shows the progression of ideas throughout Europe, and also that
France succeeded in using the ideals that the revolution was based on. In this way, the French Revolution was extremely successful.
The French Revolution tossed down the monarchy which
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The French Revolution Essay
The French Revolution was a period of time from 1789 to 1799 in France where there was political instability. It officially began on the 14th of July,
1789, when the Bastille, which was a symbol of the King's harsh policies, was stormed. The King, Louis XVI, the Queen, Marieā€“Antoinette and about
40,000 people were all brutally murdered. But there was also a positive side, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was formally adopted
on August 1789 and feudalism was abolished. This essay will address the issues of the three estates system, food shortages and the fiscal crisis. It will
also be argued that the most significant cause of the French Revolution was the social inequality that stemmed from the three estates system....show
more content...
The majority were already struggling with the cost of living, and the addition of extra taxes caused it to be near impossible for them to survive
financially. This angered the third estate, and provided an incentive for the revolution. Therefore, it is evident that the social inequality that derived
from the three estates system was the most significant cause of the French Revolution.
Secondly, the food shortages and prices were a highly influential cause of the French Revolution. The third estate had to pay the gabelle, which was
extremely expensive (Hetherton). Salt was an essential commodity that was not only used for seasoning but to preserve meats and vegetables for the
cold season (Hills). When the peasantry could not afford the gabelle, they starved during the winter. This was especially significant during the winters
of 1769, 1776, 1780ā€“1783 and 1788, when there were heavy hailstorms and treacherously cold temperatures (Martin). This meant that there were
several crop failures that impacted foods such as corn and grain (Ashwell). As a result, the crop failures caused prices of bread and vegetables to
increase 9ā€“fold and 6ā€“fold respectively (Martin). Furthermore, the glacial weather caused several supply routes to freeze and close down. For
example, the rivers Yonne and Oise were specifically used for supplying meat, so when they became unavailable to merchants, the price of meat
escalated 10ā€“fold (Martin). This meant that only those who could
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American Revolution Vs French Revolution Essay
Revolution ā€“ A revolution (from the Latin revolutio, "a turn around") is a fundamental change in political power or organizational structures. It takes
place in a relatively short period of time when the population rises up in revolt against the current authorities. The American and French revolution have
many similarities and differences. Both the American Revolution and French Revolution were the products of Enlightenment ideals that emphasized the
idea of natural rights and equality. The leadership in both countries at the time of their revolutions was certainly repressive, especially in terms of
taxation. Both areas suffered social and economic hardships that led to the realization that something must be done to topple the hierarchy and...show
more content...
Five different governments were included in the French Revolution between 1789 and 1799 in France. King Louis XVI needed more money for his
fancy parties and expensive wars, so he called in the Estatesā€“General, which consisted of representatives from the First, Second, and Third Estates, in
1789. Spielvogal says in World History: Modern Times, that "To fix France's financial problems, most members of the Third Estate wanted to set up a
constitutional government that would abolish the tax exemptions of clergy and nobility." At the end of the French Revolution Napoleon was brought
into power, first as consul and later as emperor, by a coup d'etat. The American Revolution was an external war, the Americans were fighting against
the british for independence. Whereas the French Revolution was an external war, the French were fighting each other. Dr. Jackson Spielvogal wrote
in World History: Modern Times, "Compared with the American Revolution, the French Revolution was more complex, more violent, and far more
radical." (Spielvogal, p 329) The American Revolution had characteristics of being moderate, conservative, limited and federal. The French Revolution
was more complex, bloody, violent and
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The French Revolution Essay
In 1789 during the French Revolution France was in a time of chaos and economic turmoil with a struggle for class and power amongst the inhabitants.
Prior to the revolution, the upper classes writhed to gain wealth and financial power, however in doing so they oppressed the peasants. The French
Revolution is considered to be the most momentous movements as it distorted the principles of French society. The majority of the revolts in France
from 1660ā€“1789 were connected to the rebellions against domineering taxation. The majority of France wanted an end to the Old Regime and the
supremacy of the King, nobility and clergy. The ideas of the Revolution were widespread and had reached areas as far as the Caribbean, and it still
continues to set a precedent for countries today. The questions that historians face is what the crucial causes of the French Revolution were, however it
is widely disputed. Although many historians have argued that the coronation of Louis XVI had been the foremost cause , closer examination shows
that the French Revolution is a result of the combination of the American Revolution which led to the spread of the ideas that the colonies fought for,
high bread prices as the peasants were not able to afford a bare necessity due to the social structure of France and the Enlightenment that boasted ideas
of liberty and freedom. La RŠ“Ā©volution AmŠ“Ā©ricaine: The American Revolution
France had competed for power against Great Britain, however this ended up weakening
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Francois Furet: The French Revolution
Revisionist very within several schools of thought. Unlike traditional revisionists, liberal revisionists believed the revolution should be treated as a
wholehearted move from a preā€“modern French to a modern society. In accordance with their beliefs, the Ancient Regime had gotten so caught up in
their own web, that it was inevitable that the only way change was going to prevail was with a revolution. Liberal historians argued that the French
Revolution was an agent of progress; despite the drastic measures, it demonstrated the possible future for the Parisian with revolutionary change. The
Terror was nothing more than a grievous stepping stone that would eventually lead to the establishment of a new government. Alfred Cobban was a
British...show more content...
The historiography of the French Revolution changed drastically when the neoā€“liberals challenged the claims made by Furet alongside with other
colleagues. Unlike the revisionist of the early period, interpretations made by the neoā€“liberals did little to minimize the 18th century nobility and their
oppressive characteristics. The aristocracy has political interest in opposing the lower classed Parisians. Their argument was that the Constitutional
Assembly period fundamentally indifferent that was Furet considered the Jacobinism of the Terror to be. The nonsensical violence that was previously
disavowed by the liberal revisionists is now brought in being necessary for the establishment of a free state. In the research archived by the neoā€“liberal
historians, their collective conclusion was that the French Revolution in its entirety was a failure. According to them, the revolution may not have been
started by a rising bourgeoisie, but the revolutionaries did manage to subdue the monarchy and possibly bring the 19th century state into a refashioned
liberal state. The neoā€“liberals had a different breakup of the class and sorted them according to their professions and occupations. The jobs varied by
social interest, so it seemed that putting them within solid political groups would have proved little in the long run. These historians stress a lot
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The French Revolution Essay example
The French Revolution
The French Revolution evokes many different emotions and controversial issues in that some believe it was worth the cost and some don't. There is no
doubt that the French Revolution did have major significance in history. Not only did the French gain their independence, but an industrial revolution
also took place. One of the main issues of the Revolution was it's human costs. Two writers, the first, Peter Kropotkin who was a Russian prince, and
the other Simon Schama, a history professor, both had very opposing views on whether the wars fought by France during the Revolution were worth
it's human costs. Krapotkin believed that the French Revolution was the main turning point for not only France but for most...show more content...
He also began one of the bloodiest periods in French history, the Reign of Terror. During the Reign of Terror, more than 30,000 people were
executed, mainly for opposing Robespierre's views. Late in 1794, Robespierre was put to death and a new leader was looked for; this of course
turned out to be Napoleon. With many conquered lands under his belt by 1798, Napoleon had a huge following and planned a coup d'etat. On
November 18, 1799, Napoleon became the First Consul of France, or in his mind the dictator. Napoleon then crowned himself Emperor in 1804 and
conquered many countries including Austria, Prussia, and Russia in 1805,06, and 07 respectively. Such a strong ruler is bound to fall eventually, this
happened in 1815 with his death. Even with the many improvements to the country of France in the late 1700's and early 1800's, some still believe
that the French Revolution was not worth it's human costs. Detailed below are two opposing viewpoints on the topic. Peter Krapotkin, a revolutionary
Russian prince, argues that the French Revolution paved the way for expansion and democratic growth. Krapotkin's first argument is that the French
monarchy before the Revolution deprived the lower class citizens of food and necessities. There was a shortage of food at the time, and the prices
were too high for the lower class to afford. The monarchy also taxed the lower class, which made it even harder for them to afford the food that they
needed. During the
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French Revolution As A Monarch Essay
Alana Ballagh
Period 3
How to Endure the Revolutionā€“As a Monarch
Feature Article
The recent death of Napoleon Bonaparte has been described as the end of the last ruler of France. In truth, these statements are incorrect. The last
reigning monarchs of France were King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, though the public abandoned the two approximately 28 years ago following
the height of the French Revolution. A recent uncovering of an article published in the 1789 issue of La Cuvette illustrates the forgotten world of the
grandiose rulers of France.
There is no better way to experience a royal day than to spend the day with the royals. As a distinguished journalist of the upper tier of the third estate,
it was not challenging to pay the twelve...show more content...
"It is unprecedented for the peasants to hold power. For good reason. They cannot be trusted to rule the country. And to storm Versailles, the jewel of
France! This revolution is an outrage," he remarked about the recent Tennis Court Oath.
Bidding a farewell to the impassioned noble, I headed out of the palace to investigate the handball court where the oath was constructed. On the way
there, I was able to admire the grand halls of the palace, where ornate details cover every inch of wallspace. Tapestries sewn with the typical French
flower pattern flanked the gold plated windows.
Once outside, a commotion interrupted the serenity of the sunlight reflecting upon the main fountain, where majestic statues were placed in various
places surrounding the water. A swarm of nobles were scurrying behind a regal woman strolling through the grounds, whom I realized was Marie
Antoinette.
Following the crowd, I managed to inquire about the recent storming of the Bastille: on July 14th, rumors of Austrian attacks based off the queen's
Austrian descent ricocheted through Paris, prompting the storming of the
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Taylor Wunder
Gender and World Societies
Midterm Exam
Part One ā€“ Analytical Question
3. Did the Enlightenment and The French Revolution bring about change in terms of gender?
In terms of gender, both The Enlightenment and The French Revolution brought monumental changes for women. The Enlightenment was also
referred to as the age of reason, and it was an intellectual phenomenon that began around the 1730s. The key players of the Enlightenment were the men
of letters or what they called themselves, "les philosophes". For most the Enlightenment was about different attitudes towards knowledge and power,
and a focus on the critique of authorities. This is where women were first affected. The men of letters wanted women to be educated as well as men.
This was a first, because during this time women were second to men only responsible for housework and motherly duties. The Enlightenment started
to change all that. The education the Enlightenment brought to women also opened up new doors for women, and they held important roles in the
Enlightenment. Women involved in the Enlightenment ran the Salons that the men discussed their ideas and plans in. Some women, like Mary
Wollstonecraft, became writers and women's advocates. The Enlightenment opened up doors for women to...show more content...
After several abortive and costly efforts to explore Mexico's YucatŠ“ŠŽn peninsula, the Spaniards embarked upon an exploration of what is now central
Mexico. Hernan CortŠ“Ā©z, who led the mission, kept King Charles V informed of events in the Americas through a series of very detailed letters. Under
constant pressure to justify both his own leadership and the expenses of conquest, CortŠ“Ā©z missed no opportunity to expound upon either the riches
the New World held or the willingness of many indigenous peoples to accept Spanish tutelage and rule. These letters were Cortes way of manipulating
the king to further his own
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French Revolution Essay
The French Revolution lasted from 1789 to 1799. Although
there were several factors that made the French Revolution
possible, such as population growth, the expansion of the
middle classes, and the rise of an informed public, there
were three immediate causes of the Revolution. One was the
diminished authority of the royal government. Another was
the revolt by the nobility, who sensed a weakening
monarchy. The third cause was the crop failure.
The government of France was in a financial crisis. The
country was deeply in debt from the financing of the wars of
Louis XIV. To deal with the nation's economic problems,
Louis XVI called for a meeting of the Estates General in
1789.
The Estates General was made up of...show more content...
As he stationed his army in
and around Paris, crowds of Parisians stormed the Bastille
on July 14, 1789. There they hoped to find weapons and
other ammunition to use in resisting and fighting the troops of
the king. The Bastille was captured and torn down.
This event and numerous other tumultuous events made
Louis realize the urgent need for reforms. The National
Assembly met in August of 1789 and considered feasable
changes. By the end of the month, the Constituent Assembly
(the name the National Assembly renamed itself) adopted
the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen" as a
preamble for the new constitution.
In 1791, a new constitution was written by the Constituent
Assembly. It left the monarchy with little control of France,
and put into effect a separation of powers. The monarchy
was powerless against the Constituent Assembly, which had
power over the government.
Louis and his family's attempt to flee the country made it
clear that the king was not loyal to his country. When the
National Convention, the new Assembly, met on September
21, 1792, it proclaimed France a republic, and Louis was
put on trial for treason and for being a member of the
monarchy. He was found guilty of treason and other crimes,
and died under the guillotine on January 21, 1793.
The death of the king opened the revolution to more
tumultuous change led by the radical groups.
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French Revolution Essay
The world has seen many revolutions in history. One of the biggest revolutions was the French Revolution because it came with many consequences
and influences. Nothing else like this had ever happened this powerful to change the political status quo. Many people surprisingly don't know how the
French Revolution started but through this paper we will be learning more about it. Starting in 1789 through 1794 the people of France dethroned and
arrested their king Louis XVI, took apart his monarchy, and executed him, his wife, and thousands of nobles. TheFrench people then set up a new
system of government on concepts of popular rule, personal liberty, and equal justice for all to replace their old leaders. This was a new start for...show
more content...
In 1788 Louis called a meeting with the Estates General and this would be a big part in setting the stage for the beginning of the French Revolution. The
meeting would consist of representatives of each Estate. Even though the Third Estate made up 97% of the French population Louis would rely on the
First and Second Estate to overrule the third. But things would soon turn for the worst for Louis, because the commoners (the third Estate) with a few
of the members of the other estates disobeyed the king and named themselves the National Assembly. Their goal was to get all the all French citizens
basic civil rights. They were willing to be very peaceful at the beginning, but Louis would not even come to an agreement with any of the Third Estate's
demands.
Louis called a meeting between himself and the delegates of the three estates on June 23, 1789 three days after the Tennis Court Oath. There Louis
told the delegates he would negotiate a number of reforms. The reforms Louis named had nothing to do with the demands of the Third Estate. The
revolutionaries would not give up that easily and wanted Louis to know it. This made the king upset and now he would begin to use the army to
force his will on the people. In late June Louis ordered four regiments of soldiers to advance on Paris and Versailles and soon after that ordered up
several more. A large group of people went to Bastille to get
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French Revolution Essay
Why was there a French Revolution?
Between, 1789 Š’ŠŽV 1799, many events occurred in France that caused an outbreak within the people thus leading to a revolution. This culminated in
the France becoming a democratic government. This essay will argue that the resentment of absolute government, financial difficulties, the famine, rise
of philosophes and the ongoing feud between the estates are all the major causes of why there was a revolution in France.
Firstly before going into the topic, the word Š’ŠŽŠ’Ā§revolutionŠ’ŠŽŠ’Š must be defined. Š’ŠŽŠ’Ā§A revolution is a relatively sudden and absolutely huge
change. This may be a change in the social or political institutions over a relatively short period of time, or a major change in its culture or economy
.Š’ŠŽŠ’Š...show more content...
If the king was interested in the opinions of the people, all he had to do go to the Estates General and ask for their vote on any issue he put forth. The
last time the Estates General had been in meeting was in 1614, therefore it is evident that by the late 1700s, that the king was no longer interested in
the influence of the French people . This sort of ignorance to the people was a major factor in why there was a revolution in France
The famine killed many people during the late 18th century and was caused by the other underlining factors such as financial trouble and
arguments between the estates. Different crop failures in the 1780s caused these shortages, which of course led to high prices for bread and other
food substances. With the prices going up people grew angry with the government and waged for a revolution . There were poor conditions in the
countryside which made residents to move into Paris, and the city was overcrowded and filled with the hungry and disaffected people who
desperately needed more food to live. The peasants, who were the worst of the lot, suffered from the economic and agricultural problems . With all
this added up, there was no other way to fix these problems but to have a revolution
Another cause of the French Revolution was in the financial difficulties of the government. King Louis XV and King Louis XVI both led extremely
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The French Revolution Essay
The French Revolution Why was there a French Revolution? This is a question of continual interests not only to professors and philosophers, but to
everybody who takes an interests in the history of the world. Genuinely, therefore, it is also a subject of much contention. The statement citing the
fundamental cause of the French Revolution as the collision between a powerful rising Bourgeoisie and an ingrained aristocracy, defending its
privileges it had for centuries, has great relevance in reiterating the great conflict of 1789. However, it was the financial debt of the government, and
the financial crisis it caused, which was at root of the actual course to revolution. Many factors played a role in the economic...show more content...
They had the right to ascendancy on public occasions, the right to exercise seigniorial rights over most of the lands they did not own, the right to wear
a sword in public, and, most importantly, the exemption from taxes. The third estate could have been broken down into two categories. One was a
new middle class that emerged during the Louis XVI era, called the Bourgeoisie. The rest of the estate were poor peasants and artisans that ā€“3ā€“ made
up about ninetyā€“six percent of France's entire population. The Bourgeoisise were highly educated bankers and investors, or other business elites. They
made their money in refining and processing plants, finance and insurance, and other advanced industries. A good share of the nation's debt was due
to the uneven taxation of the estates. The nobles were exempt from the main direct tax, or taille, as were the clergy. That meant most of the burden lay
on the third estate, who also possessed the least amount of wealth. The Bourgeois were wealthy and were able to afford such taxation, but nonetheless,
their aim was civil equality and to destroy the tax privileges of the nobility and clergy. The peasants, too, were laden with extensive amounts of
taxation that was nearly impossible for them to pay. Burrowing France deeper into debt and economic crisis was the persistent drought followed by
massive storms, ravaging the
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French Revolution Essay

  • 1. French Revolution Essay The French Revolution was a time for expansion in human freedom. It was a way for the French to reā€“invent their government to give some sort of equality for their people. There were many successes the French Revolution made, such as creating public schools for children and making it mandatory for them to attend. The French Revolution had the intentions to create a better government and lifestyle for their people, such as Jacobins who believed in the poor having their turn to rule. Though, others opposed the ideas of the revolution. Those people did not go unpunished by their beliefs. This was known as the Reign of Terror, which was not completely necessary for their society. The French Revolution was held in order to stop...show more content... "Part I: All children will attend school, boys between the ages of 5 and 12, girls between the ages of 5 and 11. (Draft of Law on Public Education, by Citizen Robespierre)" This showed how the government was serious in making sure all people in France had some education. This was a great success because every person could at least read and write. Lastly, women were finally given the freedom of equality. Woman had always been oppressed by men because of physical capability, they were not as physically strong as men. But, they were finally able to pass a law of equality in a written declaration. "Article 1: Woman is born free and lives equal to man in her rights. Social distinctions can be based only on the common utility. (Declaration of the Rights of Women, by Olympe de Gouge)" This clearly shows that the French Revolution aided women in the right of equality with men. These successes clearly show how the French Revolution helped to expand human freedom. The people who supported the Revolution were known as Jacobins. They were people who believed that the poor should have the turn to rule, they represented the lower class people. This group was made up of anyone who believed in their ideas, even women. Two men who were part of the Jacobins were Georges Danton and Jeanā€“Paul Marat. They highly believed in the poor being in control. Danton once stated "The Rich used to rule Paris. Now we cry: "Make way for the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Political Impacts Of The French Revolution During the 16th through 18th centuries, European civilization experienced big changes to its social, political, and economic structures. A break from the Middle Ages began during the Scientific Revolution when respected thinkers of the time began to explore new possibilities, such as the likelihood of a sunā€“centered universe instead of an earthā€“centered one. The Enlightenment was an intellectual and cultural movement that pointed out the danger of unchecked authority and concentrated on values of law, reason, humanity, and religious toleration. The French Revolution represented a broad wave of political changes and democratic ideas that splashed France, and subsequently, all of Europe. TheIndustrial Revolution changed the way people lived ...show more content... After Tycho's death, his assistant, young mathematician Johannes Kepler used Tycho's observations and came up with his First Law that orbits of the planets are elliptical instead of round like Copernicus believed. With his Second Law, Kepler stated that the speed of the planets depends on their distance from the sun which helped English astronomer and physicist Isaac Newton, to come up with his Law of Universal Gravitation. Galileo Galilei built a telescope in 1609, and he studied the night sky, observing the earthlike features of the Moon, moons orbiting Jupiter, and sun spots. He published his work, which later earned him a trial by the church and a house arrest for life. "According to a story that began to circulate shortly afterward, as he left the court for house arrest he stamped his foot and muttered deŠæĀ¬Šƒantly, looking down at the earth: Still, it moves" (page 530, Chapter 16). Francis Bacon and RenŠ“Ā© Descartes established standards of practice and scientific evidence, and they were true believers in human thinking. Physician, William Harvey contributed to science by observing dissected living animals and experimented on himself that the blood circulates in our bodies through veins, heart, and arteries. Inventor and experimenter Robert Hooke introduced microscope into the laboratory and studied the structure of plants on the cellular level. Isaac Newton gave us laws of motion, universal gravity, the reflecting telescope, optic theories, Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. The French Revolution Essay The French Revolution was a time of turmoil in which an uprising for equality turned into a massacre. The poor became poorer, King Louis XVI lost power, and hundreds of thousands of people would end up losing their lives. Over the course of the revolution, there were two phases of the government that occurred that each had different causes. The economic and ideological cause of the liberal phase of the government was due to the disputes over inequality among the estates and dismantling of the old regime, while the cause of the radical phase of the government was based off of the belief that the revolution did not meet the original revolutionary beliefs. In the beginning of the French Revolution the economy revolved around the three estates; the first estate, the second estate, and the third estate. The first estate consisted of privileged church members and the clergy, making up one percent of the total population. Church members and clergy members were wealthy people that consistently caused corruption between the other estates. The churches owned ten percent of all wealth and were not required to pay taxes. Enlightenment thinkers, whom emphasized reason and individualism over tradition, believed the church taught nothing but nonsense. The second estate consists of nobles who were slightly less privileged than the church and clergy members. Consisting of two to five percent of the population, these members owned a third of all land. Noblemen faced different Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. The French Revolution Essay The French Revolution The French Revolution last from 1789 to 1799. This war had many causes that began the revolution. Its causes ranged from the American Revolution, the economic crisis in France, social injustices to the immediate causes like the fall of Bastille, the Convening of he Estateā€“General, and the Great Fear. As a result of this revolution there many effects , immediate and long term. The immediate effects were the declaration of rights of man, abolishing of olds reign, execution of king and queen, the reign of terror, and war and forming of the citizenā€“army. The long term effects were the rise of Napoleon, spread of revolutionary ideas, growth of nationalism, and the conservative reaction. The contributing factors to...show more content... In this way the privileged classes had combined to outvote the third estate, which included more than 90 percent of the population. Another cause was the fall of Bastille. The falling of the Bastille marked a turning pointā€“attempts at reform had become a fullā€“scale revolution. One of the causes was the economic problems of many common people had become worse, because poor weather conditions had ruined the harvest. As a result, the price of bread, the most important food of the poorer classes had increased. Violence grew in both the cities and the countryside during the spring and summer. While hungry artisans revolted in urban areas, starved peasants searched the provinces for food and work. These vagrants were rumored to be armed agents of landlords hired to destroy crops and harass the common people. Many rural peasants began to panic, known as the Great Fear. They attacked the homes of their landlords to protect local grain supplies and reducing rents on their land. Also Lewis XVI gave in so reluctantly, for example, taking months to approve the Declaration of Rights, which made hostility of the crown only increased. The immediate effects of the French Revolution Was the Declaration of the Rights of Man. This was one of the most constructive achievements of the French Revolution. The Rights of Man said that there would be equality of all persons before the law; equitable taxation; protection against loss of property through arbitrary Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. The French Revolution was basically a war of the social classes. The middle class believed that in order to gain equality they had to get rid of the privileges that were stopping the progress of their rise in society. To do this they had to gain power within the government and make changes, such as, improving the tax system, creating a fair system of production where profits went to the producer, improving the whole economic system of the government, and plus many more. The revolution was a fight for equality; it was not a rebellion against poverty. Many of the French people had learned to with poverty for they had been living in poverty for centuries. Before the Revolution, only fair reforms, or changes, were wanted by the people....show more content... The Third Estate consisted of the common people. It included the middle class, peasants and city workers. The middle class was made up of the merchants and manufacturers, lawyers, doctors and others. Peasants were the largest group within the Third Estate. They were forced to pay large taxes, tithes to the church, and rents to their landlords for the land that they lived on. The city workers were servants, apprentices, and household maids. The major cause of the French Revolution was the differences that these three groups had. France suffered from severe economic problems. The French government borrowed significant amounts of money to pay for the wars of Louis XIV. These costs greatly increased the national debt. When King Louis XVI came into power, he did not know what to do about the debt, until he found a man by the name of Robert Turgot. He tried to introduce a major reform that would tax the nobles. He had difficulties doing so because the king could not tax the nobles unless the Parliament approved of the new tax laws. The people in the Parliament that voted on these laws were the nobles and so of course rejected Turgot's reform. After Turgot was rejected, the king fired him. In August 1788, Louis XVI had decided to summon the Estatesā€“General, convocation of the three estates, which had not met since 1614, in order to solve government's financial problems (Course Pack 178). Louis Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Was The French Revolution Justified During the French Revolution heads rolling off bodies were a sign of liberty; rather than death . Was the chopping of heads on the ravished colored guillotine justified ? Were the peoples struggles and oppression by the french government not enough . There are many reasons at to why the french revolted. The french revolted after the king ignored their cries for wheat to be planted after the famine to feed their staving families , Poor farmers revolted after their all their hard works pay were then given to the Government to fund Queen Marie Antoinette lavish parties and her superfluous of fashion statements , but they all revolted after their opinions weren't given the time of day . The third estate got fed up and began to call themselves ...show more content... In the result of the growing opinion extremist began an oligarchy Committee of Public Safety who stood for things , as libertŠ“Ā© , equalite , fraternite. Slowly the very man who started an revolt was revolted against by the people he fought for . The conservatives still overthrew Robespierre and the committee of public safety and Robespierre was unfortunately beheaded . "The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. No body nor individual may exercise any authority which does not proceed directly from the nation." In the D.O.R.O.M they say the choice relies wit the nation and the nation no longer wanted Robespierre as their leader , and the committee took it in strive. Still many french believe without a radical selfā€“righteous leader like Robespierre the french wouldn't have an infamous great Emperor like Napoleon Bonaparte . I think the reign of terror was justified because some people had to be made an example out of and it had to be the king and queen who caused and did nothing to stop the oppression of their people. I think the reign of terror brought those who starved to death while the queen said " let them eat cake" justice . It showed how detrimental rulers who were out of touch with there people could be Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. French Revolution Essay "LibertŠ“Ā©, EgalitŠ“Ā©, FraternitŠ“Ā©" was the maxim that echoed from the lips of French insurgents during the eighteenth century. Liberty, equality, and fraternity were the demands of the people that resonated everywhere, whether they were on streets or in salons. Freedom, impartiality, and solidarity were the words of a battle cry that all the faces of France, especially those with feminine features, chanted. Whether they were mere breadwinners in the confines of their homes, or rich nobles sympathetic to the insurrection, the women contributed a great deal to the lowerā€“class citizens of the country. The rights and roles of women are pertinent to the French Revolution because the roles they played assisted the people's rise to power, they...show more content... The females grappled for their equal rights. At the time, there were politicians, writers, actresses and even chocolate manufacturers that established the Society for Revolutionary Women. Together, "the women [had] resolved to set forth in a solemn declaration the natural, inalienable, and sacred rights of woman in order that this declaration, constantly exposed before all the members of society, will ceaselessly remind them of their rights and duties" (Spielvogel 661). In other words, the women openly proclaimed their rights and duties as their own, and no one could take them without due process. After the National Assembly published their variant of the Declaration of Independence, Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, a woman named Marieā€“Olympe de Gouges took note of the fact that it seemed to deliberately exclude women. In response, she published the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Citizen ("Marieā€“Olympe de Gouges"). The Encyclopedia of World Biography confirms that "the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Citizen stated that women were equal to men in every respect and thus were entitled to the same rights". Truly, she was an example of a woman who wielded her words to fight for liberation. In addition to that, they Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Was the French Revolution Successful? Essay Many historians credit the French Revolution as being the beginning of modern politics. The revolution singleā€“handedly crushed the monarchical way of politics, the aristocratic domination up to that point in France, and the dominance of the church in French politics. The revolution abolished the feudal system and was one of the biggest steps towards modernity throughout history. The French Revolution was a successful endeavour on the part of the French people because it reformed social tradition and the hierarchy of French aristocracy by making all men equal, the Enlightenment ideals which the revolution was based on came through to a great extent. Before the French Revolution, France was a feudal kingdom. Louis XVI ruled the land, and...show more content... In this way, the French Revolution was extremely successful. The French Revolution was based on an assortment of Enlightenment ideals. French philosophers, including Voltaire and Rousseau led the revolution leading up to the revolution, so to speak, coming up with progressive ideals as to government, social structure, and the nature of people. Indeed, the ideals which the revolution was fought in the name of progressed throughout France and, eventually, Europe. Though the revolution took wrong turns along the way, the ideals which it was based on never wavered. Even during the heart of his Reign of Terror, Robespierre spoke of a state where each citizen wants to do good by his country. This shows Robespierre with an unwavering commitment to the state, an ideal which came out of the Enlightenment. Though he may have carried out his beliefs in a gruesome and perhaps wrong way, his ideals were the same as the Enlightenment philosophers: make the state better for all to live in. After Robespierre and the Directory, Napoleon came to power. Though he is criticized for being a militaristic dictator, Napoleon was able to spread Enlightenment ideals, in the form of the Napoleonic Code, throughout Europe. This shows the progression of ideas throughout Europe, and also that France succeeded in using the ideals that the revolution was based on. In this way, the French Revolution was extremely successful. The French Revolution tossed down the monarchy which Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. The French Revolution Essay The French Revolution was a period of time from 1789 to 1799 in France where there was political instability. It officially began on the 14th of July, 1789, when the Bastille, which was a symbol of the King's harsh policies, was stormed. The King, Louis XVI, the Queen, Marieā€“Antoinette and about 40,000 people were all brutally murdered. But there was also a positive side, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was formally adopted on August 1789 and feudalism was abolished. This essay will address the issues of the three estates system, food shortages and the fiscal crisis. It will also be argued that the most significant cause of the French Revolution was the social inequality that stemmed from the three estates system....show more content... The majority were already struggling with the cost of living, and the addition of extra taxes caused it to be near impossible for them to survive financially. This angered the third estate, and provided an incentive for the revolution. Therefore, it is evident that the social inequality that derived from the three estates system was the most significant cause of the French Revolution. Secondly, the food shortages and prices were a highly influential cause of the French Revolution. The third estate had to pay the gabelle, which was extremely expensive (Hetherton). Salt was an essential commodity that was not only used for seasoning but to preserve meats and vegetables for the cold season (Hills). When the peasantry could not afford the gabelle, they starved during the winter. This was especially significant during the winters of 1769, 1776, 1780ā€“1783 and 1788, when there were heavy hailstorms and treacherously cold temperatures (Martin). This meant that there were several crop failures that impacted foods such as corn and grain (Ashwell). As a result, the crop failures caused prices of bread and vegetables to increase 9ā€“fold and 6ā€“fold respectively (Martin). Furthermore, the glacial weather caused several supply routes to freeze and close down. For example, the rivers Yonne and Oise were specifically used for supplying meat, so when they became unavailable to merchants, the price of meat escalated 10ā€“fold (Martin). This meant that only those who could Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. American Revolution Vs French Revolution Essay Revolution ā€“ A revolution (from the Latin revolutio, "a turn around") is a fundamental change in political power or organizational structures. It takes place in a relatively short period of time when the population rises up in revolt against the current authorities. The American and French revolution have many similarities and differences. Both the American Revolution and French Revolution were the products of Enlightenment ideals that emphasized the idea of natural rights and equality. The leadership in both countries at the time of their revolutions was certainly repressive, especially in terms of taxation. Both areas suffered social and economic hardships that led to the realization that something must be done to topple the hierarchy and...show more content... Five different governments were included in the French Revolution between 1789 and 1799 in France. King Louis XVI needed more money for his fancy parties and expensive wars, so he called in the Estatesā€“General, which consisted of representatives from the First, Second, and Third Estates, in 1789. Spielvogal says in World History: Modern Times, that "To fix France's financial problems, most members of the Third Estate wanted to set up a constitutional government that would abolish the tax exemptions of clergy and nobility." At the end of the French Revolution Napoleon was brought into power, first as consul and later as emperor, by a coup d'etat. The American Revolution was an external war, the Americans were fighting against the british for independence. Whereas the French Revolution was an external war, the French were fighting each other. Dr. Jackson Spielvogal wrote in World History: Modern Times, "Compared with the American Revolution, the French Revolution was more complex, more violent, and far more radical." (Spielvogal, p 329) The American Revolution had characteristics of being moderate, conservative, limited and federal. The French Revolution was more complex, bloody, violent and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. The French Revolution Essay In 1789 during the French Revolution France was in a time of chaos and economic turmoil with a struggle for class and power amongst the inhabitants. Prior to the revolution, the upper classes writhed to gain wealth and financial power, however in doing so they oppressed the peasants. The French Revolution is considered to be the most momentous movements as it distorted the principles of French society. The majority of the revolts in France from 1660ā€“1789 were connected to the rebellions against domineering taxation. The majority of France wanted an end to the Old Regime and the supremacy of the King, nobility and clergy. The ideas of the Revolution were widespread and had reached areas as far as the Caribbean, and it still continues to set a precedent for countries today. The questions that historians face is what the crucial causes of the French Revolution were, however it is widely disputed. Although many historians have argued that the coronation of Louis XVI had been the foremost cause , closer examination shows that the French Revolution is a result of the combination of the American Revolution which led to the spread of the ideas that the colonies fought for, high bread prices as the peasants were not able to afford a bare necessity due to the social structure of France and the Enlightenment that boasted ideas of liberty and freedom. La RŠ“Ā©volution AmŠ“Ā©ricaine: The American Revolution France had competed for power against Great Britain, however this ended up weakening Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Francois Furet: The French Revolution Revisionist very within several schools of thought. Unlike traditional revisionists, liberal revisionists believed the revolution should be treated as a wholehearted move from a preā€“modern French to a modern society. In accordance with their beliefs, the Ancient Regime had gotten so caught up in their own web, that it was inevitable that the only way change was going to prevail was with a revolution. Liberal historians argued that the French Revolution was an agent of progress; despite the drastic measures, it demonstrated the possible future for the Parisian with revolutionary change. The Terror was nothing more than a grievous stepping stone that would eventually lead to the establishment of a new government. Alfred Cobban was a British...show more content... The historiography of the French Revolution changed drastically when the neoā€“liberals challenged the claims made by Furet alongside with other colleagues. Unlike the revisionist of the early period, interpretations made by the neoā€“liberals did little to minimize the 18th century nobility and their oppressive characteristics. The aristocracy has political interest in opposing the lower classed Parisians. Their argument was that the Constitutional Assembly period fundamentally indifferent that was Furet considered the Jacobinism of the Terror to be. The nonsensical violence that was previously disavowed by the liberal revisionists is now brought in being necessary for the establishment of a free state. In the research archived by the neoā€“liberal historians, their collective conclusion was that the French Revolution in its entirety was a failure. According to them, the revolution may not have been started by a rising bourgeoisie, but the revolutionaries did manage to subdue the monarchy and possibly bring the 19th century state into a refashioned liberal state. The neoā€“liberals had a different breakup of the class and sorted them according to their professions and occupations. The jobs varied by social interest, so it seemed that putting them within solid political groups would have proved little in the long run. These historians stress a lot Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. The French Revolution Essay example The French Revolution The French Revolution evokes many different emotions and controversial issues in that some believe it was worth the cost and some don't. There is no doubt that the French Revolution did have major significance in history. Not only did the French gain their independence, but an industrial revolution also took place. One of the main issues of the Revolution was it's human costs. Two writers, the first, Peter Kropotkin who was a Russian prince, and the other Simon Schama, a history professor, both had very opposing views on whether the wars fought by France during the Revolution were worth it's human costs. Krapotkin believed that the French Revolution was the main turning point for not only France but for most...show more content... He also began one of the bloodiest periods in French history, the Reign of Terror. During the Reign of Terror, more than 30,000 people were executed, mainly for opposing Robespierre's views. Late in 1794, Robespierre was put to death and a new leader was looked for; this of course turned out to be Napoleon. With many conquered lands under his belt by 1798, Napoleon had a huge following and planned a coup d'etat. On November 18, 1799, Napoleon became the First Consul of France, or in his mind the dictator. Napoleon then crowned himself Emperor in 1804 and conquered many countries including Austria, Prussia, and Russia in 1805,06, and 07 respectively. Such a strong ruler is bound to fall eventually, this happened in 1815 with his death. Even with the many improvements to the country of France in the late 1700's and early 1800's, some still believe that the French Revolution was not worth it's human costs. Detailed below are two opposing viewpoints on the topic. Peter Krapotkin, a revolutionary Russian prince, argues that the French Revolution paved the way for expansion and democratic growth. Krapotkin's first argument is that the French monarchy before the Revolution deprived the lower class citizens of food and necessities. There was a shortage of food at the time, and the prices were too high for the lower class to afford. The monarchy also taxed the lower class, which made it even harder for them to afford the food that they needed. During the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. French Revolution As A Monarch Essay Alana Ballagh Period 3 How to Endure the Revolutionā€“As a Monarch Feature Article The recent death of Napoleon Bonaparte has been described as the end of the last ruler of France. In truth, these statements are incorrect. The last reigning monarchs of France were King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, though the public abandoned the two approximately 28 years ago following the height of the French Revolution. A recent uncovering of an article published in the 1789 issue of La Cuvette illustrates the forgotten world of the grandiose rulers of France. There is no better way to experience a royal day than to spend the day with the royals. As a distinguished journalist of the upper tier of the third estate, it was not challenging to pay the twelve...show more content... "It is unprecedented for the peasants to hold power. For good reason. They cannot be trusted to rule the country. And to storm Versailles, the jewel of France! This revolution is an outrage," he remarked about the recent Tennis Court Oath. Bidding a farewell to the impassioned noble, I headed out of the palace to investigate the handball court where the oath was constructed. On the way there, I was able to admire the grand halls of the palace, where ornate details cover every inch of wallspace. Tapestries sewn with the typical French flower pattern flanked the gold plated windows. Once outside, a commotion interrupted the serenity of the sunlight reflecting upon the main fountain, where majestic statues were placed in various places surrounding the water. A swarm of nobles were scurrying behind a regal woman strolling through the grounds, whom I realized was Marie Antoinette. Following the crowd, I managed to inquire about the recent storming of the Bastille: on July 14th, rumors of Austrian attacks based off the queen's Austrian descent ricocheted through Paris, prompting the storming of the
  • 15. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Taylor Wunder Gender and World Societies Midterm Exam Part One ā€“ Analytical Question 3. Did the Enlightenment and The French Revolution bring about change in terms of gender? In terms of gender, both The Enlightenment and The French Revolution brought monumental changes for women. The Enlightenment was also referred to as the age of reason, and it was an intellectual phenomenon that began around the 1730s. The key players of the Enlightenment were the men of letters or what they called themselves, "les philosophes". For most the Enlightenment was about different attitudes towards knowledge and power, and a focus on the critique of authorities. This is where women were first affected. The men of letters wanted women to be educated as well as men. This was a first, because during this time women were second to men only responsible for housework and motherly duties. The Enlightenment started to change all that. The education the Enlightenment brought to women also opened up new doors for women, and they held important roles in the Enlightenment. Women involved in the Enlightenment ran the Salons that the men discussed their ideas and plans in. Some women, like Mary Wollstonecraft, became writers and women's advocates. The Enlightenment opened up doors for women to...show more content... After several abortive and costly efforts to explore Mexico's YucatŠ“ŠŽn peninsula, the Spaniards embarked upon an exploration of what is now central Mexico. Hernan CortŠ“Ā©z, who led the mission, kept King Charles V informed of events in the Americas through a series of very detailed letters. Under constant pressure to justify both his own leadership and the expenses of conquest, CortŠ“Ā©z missed no opportunity to expound upon either the riches the New World held or the willingness of many indigenous peoples to accept Spanish tutelage and rule. These letters were Cortes way of manipulating the king to further his own Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. French Revolution Essay The French Revolution lasted from 1789 to 1799. Although there were several factors that made the French Revolution possible, such as population growth, the expansion of the middle classes, and the rise of an informed public, there were three immediate causes of the Revolution. One was the diminished authority of the royal government. Another was the revolt by the nobility, who sensed a weakening monarchy. The third cause was the crop failure. The government of France was in a financial crisis. The country was deeply in debt from the financing of the wars of Louis XIV. To deal with the nation's economic problems, Louis XVI called for a meeting of the Estates General in 1789.
  • 18. The Estates General was made up of...show more content... As he stationed his army in and around Paris, crowds of Parisians stormed the Bastille on July 14, 1789. There they hoped to find weapons and other ammunition to use in resisting and fighting the troops of the king. The Bastille was captured and torn down. This event and numerous other tumultuous events made Louis realize the urgent need for reforms. The National Assembly met in August of 1789 and considered feasable changes. By the end of the month, the Constituent Assembly (the name the National Assembly renamed itself) adopted the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen" as a preamble for the new constitution. In 1791, a new constitution was written by the Constituent Assembly. It left the monarchy with little control of France, and put into effect a separation of powers. The monarchy was powerless against the Constituent Assembly, which had power over the government.
  • 19. Louis and his family's attempt to flee the country made it clear that the king was not loyal to his country. When the National Convention, the new Assembly, met on September 21, 1792, it proclaimed France a republic, and Louis was put on trial for treason and for being a member of the monarchy. He was found guilty of treason and other crimes, and died under the guillotine on January 21, 1793. The death of the king opened the revolution to more tumultuous change led by the radical groups. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. French Revolution Essay The world has seen many revolutions in history. One of the biggest revolutions was the French Revolution because it came with many consequences and influences. Nothing else like this had ever happened this powerful to change the political status quo. Many people surprisingly don't know how the French Revolution started but through this paper we will be learning more about it. Starting in 1789 through 1794 the people of France dethroned and arrested their king Louis XVI, took apart his monarchy, and executed him, his wife, and thousands of nobles. TheFrench people then set up a new system of government on concepts of popular rule, personal liberty, and equal justice for all to replace their old leaders. This was a new start for...show more content... In 1788 Louis called a meeting with the Estates General and this would be a big part in setting the stage for the beginning of the French Revolution. The meeting would consist of representatives of each Estate. Even though the Third Estate made up 97% of the French population Louis would rely on the First and Second Estate to overrule the third. But things would soon turn for the worst for Louis, because the commoners (the third Estate) with a few of the members of the other estates disobeyed the king and named themselves the National Assembly. Their goal was to get all the all French citizens basic civil rights. They were willing to be very peaceful at the beginning, but Louis would not even come to an agreement with any of the Third Estate's demands. Louis called a meeting between himself and the delegates of the three estates on June 23, 1789 three days after the Tennis Court Oath. There Louis told the delegates he would negotiate a number of reforms. The reforms Louis named had nothing to do with the demands of the Third Estate. The revolutionaries would not give up that easily and wanted Louis to know it. This made the king upset and now he would begin to use the army to force his will on the people. In late June Louis ordered four regiments of soldiers to advance on Paris and Versailles and soon after that ordered up several more. A large group of people went to Bastille to get Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 21. French Revolution Essay Why was there a French Revolution? Between, 1789 Š’ŠŽV 1799, many events occurred in France that caused an outbreak within the people thus leading to a revolution. This culminated in the France becoming a democratic government. This essay will argue that the resentment of absolute government, financial difficulties, the famine, rise of philosophes and the ongoing feud between the estates are all the major causes of why there was a revolution in France. Firstly before going into the topic, the word Š’ŠŽŠ’Ā§revolutionŠ’ŠŽŠ’Š must be defined. Š’ŠŽŠ’Ā§A revolution is a relatively sudden and absolutely huge change. This may be a change in the social or political institutions over a relatively short period of time, or a major change in its culture or economy .Š’ŠŽŠ’Š...show more content... If the king was interested in the opinions of the people, all he had to do go to the Estates General and ask for their vote on any issue he put forth. The last time the Estates General had been in meeting was in 1614, therefore it is evident that by the late 1700s, that the king was no longer interested in the influence of the French people . This sort of ignorance to the people was a major factor in why there was a revolution in France The famine killed many people during the late 18th century and was caused by the other underlining factors such as financial trouble and arguments between the estates. Different crop failures in the 1780s caused these shortages, which of course led to high prices for bread and other food substances. With the prices going up people grew angry with the government and waged for a revolution . There were poor conditions in the countryside which made residents to move into Paris, and the city was overcrowded and filled with the hungry and disaffected people who desperately needed more food to live. The peasants, who were the worst of the lot, suffered from the economic and agricultural problems . With all this added up, there was no other way to fix these problems but to have a revolution Another cause of the French Revolution was in the financial difficulties of the government. King Louis XV and King Louis XVI both led extremely Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 22. The French Revolution Essay The French Revolution Why was there a French Revolution? This is a question of continual interests not only to professors and philosophers, but to everybody who takes an interests in the history of the world. Genuinely, therefore, it is also a subject of much contention. The statement citing the fundamental cause of the French Revolution as the collision between a powerful rising Bourgeoisie and an ingrained aristocracy, defending its privileges it had for centuries, has great relevance in reiterating the great conflict of 1789. However, it was the financial debt of the government, and the financial crisis it caused, which was at root of the actual course to revolution. Many factors played a role in the economic...show more content... They had the right to ascendancy on public occasions, the right to exercise seigniorial rights over most of the lands they did not own, the right to wear a sword in public, and, most importantly, the exemption from taxes. The third estate could have been broken down into two categories. One was a new middle class that emerged during the Louis XVI era, called the Bourgeoisie. The rest of the estate were poor peasants and artisans that ā€“3ā€“ made up about ninetyā€“six percent of France's entire population. The Bourgeoisise were highly educated bankers and investors, or other business elites. They made their money in refining and processing plants, finance and insurance, and other advanced industries. A good share of the nation's debt was due to the uneven taxation of the estates. The nobles were exempt from the main direct tax, or taille, as were the clergy. That meant most of the burden lay on the third estate, who also possessed the least amount of wealth. The Bourgeois were wealthy and were able to afford such taxation, but nonetheless, their aim was civil equality and to destroy the tax privileges of the nobility and clergy. The peasants, too, were laden with extensive amounts of taxation that was nearly impossible for them to pay. Burrowing France deeper into debt and economic crisis was the persistent drought followed by massive storms, ravaging the Get more content on HelpWriting.net