Apartment Management System REport.docx

1. i
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
Faculty of Humanities and Social Science
Ambikeshwari Campus
A Fourth Semester Project
On
Apartment Management System
Submitted To
Department of Computer Application
Ambikeshwari Campus
Ghorahi-15, Dang, Nepal
Under the supervision of
Mr.Sanni Khanal
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of
Computer Application
Submitted By
May 2022
Pawan Kc
Roll No:-
Nipurna Sharma Subedi
Roll No:-
(12/077)

2. ii
Student’s Declaration
We hereby declare the project entitled Apartment management System submitted to the
office of dean, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, Tribhuvan University, is our
project work done in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the bachelor of Computer
Application and under the supervision and guidance of Mr.Sanni Khanal, Ambikeshwari
Campus, Ghorahi Dang.
……………………... ………………………
Mr. Pawan Kc Mr.Nipurna Sharma Subedi
Symbol No.: SymbolNo.:

3. iii
Supervisor’s Recommendation
I hereby recommend that this project report prepared under my supervisionby Mr. Karan
Luhar, Mr.Govind Chaudhary entitled “Apartment Management System”is
satisfactory in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor in
ComputerApplicaton and be processed for the evaluation.
……………………...
Mr. Sanni Khanal
SUPERVISOR
Ambikeshwari Campus
Ghorahi, Dang

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LETTER OFAPPROVAL
This is to certify that the project prepared by Mr. Karan Luhar, and Mr. Govind
Chaudhary entitled “Apartment Mnagement System” in partialfulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelor Computer Application has been well studied. In
our opinion it is satisfactory in the scope and quality as a project for the required degree.
…………………………
Project Supervisor
Mr. Raj Singh Jora
Ambikeshwari Campus
Ghorahi, Dang
…………………………
HOD/ Coordinator
Mr. Nabraj Basel
Ambikeshwari Campus
Ghorahi, Dang
………………………………
Internal Examiner
Mr. Raj Singh Jora
Ambikeshwari Campus
Ghorahi, Dang
……………………….....
External Examiner
(lecturer,FOHSS, TU)

5. v
Abstract
The project entitled as “Apartment Management System” is developed for the complete
management of the details about the apartments and resident’s data. This project helps to
keep track of daily transaction in electronic manner which saves lot of resources like
energy, time and money. This application software is meant for easy and quick processing
of resident details and the payments that are done by them.Inthe system, the details of
the individual records of the residents are entered separately and the expenses that
are to be paid by residents are calculated automatically within fraction of a second.
The monthly expenses are calculated automatically foreach resident which can save
time and less employees needed for working.Once the project is developed and
implemented we will be able to keep track of the increasing resident’s database. This
database will help them to find out the regarding details of the available blocks, flats,
details of residents, installment paid, expenses that is to be paid by the residents.
Keyword: Bootstrap, CSS, HTML, Javascript, PHP, Jquery MYSQL

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Acknowledgement
At the very beginning, we would like to express our deepest appreciation to all those who
provided us the possibility to complete this report. The success of this project would not
have been possible without the kind support and assistance of many individuals and
organizations; we are immensely blessed to have got this all along the duration of our
project. We would like to extend our profound gratitude to each and every one of them. We
are highly indebted to Ambikeshwari Campus for constant guidance and supervision as
well as for providing all the necessary ICT infrastructure and friendly environment for the
successful completion of the project. We are also appreciative of the efforts of B.C.A
coordinator Mr. Nabraj Basel, without his supporting role, the project would have been
nowhere near completion. We would like to express our gratitude to our Supervisor,
Mr.Raj Singh Jora, who took keen interest on our project and guided us throughout the
project by providing all the necessary ideas, information and knowledge for developing a
functional web based application. We would like to express our special gratitude and thanks
to all our respected teachers Mr. Chandra Prakash Khanal, Mr. Dorn Khadka for
encouraging and advising us. Also, we are thankful to our friends for their encouragement
and the support in developing the project. Special thanks to our parents for their care, love,
kind co-operation and encouragement which help us in completion of this project.
This project has been a wonderful experience where we have learnt and experienced
beneficial things.

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Table of Contents
Abstract...............................................................................................................................v
Acknowledgement.............................................................................................................vi
List of Figures....................................................................................................................ix
List of Tables ......................................................................................................................x
List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................................................................1
1.1. Introduction.............................................................................................................1
1.2. Problem Statement..................................................................................................2
1.3. Objectives.................................................................................................................2
1.4. Scope and Limitation ..............................................................................................3
1.4.1. Scope ..................................................................................................................3
1.4.2. Limitation..........................................................................................................3
1.5. Report organization.................................................................................................3
Chapter 2: Background Study and Literature Review ..................................................5
2.1. Background study ...................................................................................................5
2.2. Literature Review....................................................................................................5
Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design ..........................................................................6
3.1. System Analysis .......................................................................................................6
3.1.1. Requirement Analysis..........................................................................................6
3.1.2 Feasibility study.................................................................................................9
3.1.3 Data Flow Diagram .........................................................................................11
3.2. System Design ........................................................................................................14
3.2.1. Architecture Design........................................................................................14
3.2.2. Database Schema Design................................................................................15
3.2.3. Interface Design ..............................................................................................16
3.2.4. Class Diagram.................................................................................................20
4.1. Implementation......................................................................................................21
4.1.1. Tools Used .......................................................................................................21
4.1.2. Implementation Details ..................................................................................25
4.2. Testing ....................................................................................................................26
4.2.1. Test Cases for Unit Testing............................................................................26
4.2.2. Test Cases for System Testing .......................................................................29

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Chapter 5: Conclusion And Future Recommendations ...............................................30
5.1. Lesson Learnt /Outcome.......................................................................................30
5.2. Conclusion..............................................................................................................31
5.3. Future Recommendations.....................................................................................32
References.........................................................................................................................33
Appendices........................................................................................................................34

9. ix
List of Figures
FIGURE 3.1: USE CASE DIAGRAM……………………………………………..7
FIGURE3.2: CONTEXT LEBEL DFD……………………………………………11
FIGURE 3.3: LEVEL 1 DFD………………………………………………………12
FIGURE 3.4: ER DIAGRAM……………………………………………………..13
FIGURE 3.5: ARCHITECTRE DIAGRAM………………………………………14
FIGURE 3.6: DATABASE SCHEMA DIAGRAM………………………………15
FIGURE 3.7: LOG IN PAGE………………………………..…………………….16
FIGURE 3.8: REGISTER PAGE……………………..……………………………17
FIGURE 3.9: HOME PAGE………………………………………………………18
FIGURE 3.10: SEARCH PAGE…………………………………………….…….19
FIGURE 3.11: CLASS DIAGRAM……………………………………….………20

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List of Tables
TABLE 3.1: GANTT CHART SCHEDULE……………………………………...….10
TABLE 4.1: LOG IN MODULES………………………………………………...…26
TABLE 4.2: REGISTER MODULE ………...………………………………......….. 27
TABLE 4.3: SEARCH MODULE…………………………………………………....27
TABLE 4.4: RESERVE ROOM MODULE………………………………………….28

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List of Abbreviations
CSS Cascading Style Sheets
DFD Data Flow Diagram
ER Entity Relationship
HTML Hypertext Markup Language
ICT Information and Communication Technology
JS Java Script
PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
SQL Structured Query Language

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Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1. Introduction
Apartment management system is a computer based system which is used to monitor the
various activities of a regular residential metropolitan society. The concept of apartment
management system has arisen from the fact that various large societies need monitoring
and maintenance for their various day to day activates. In a normal residential society, the
day to day chores include maintenance of the society, plumbing, parking allocations, waste
management, security facilities, tracking dues, inventory management etc. these actives
individually are very tedious and long processes. They require the co-ordination between
the respective management societies coupled with the vendors which provide these services
so that the appropriate convenience can be provide. Apartment management is the
operation, control, and oversight of real estate as used in its broadest terms. In proposed
system, the details of the individual records are entered separately and calculate the
expenses that are to be paid by them. The monthly expenses are calculated automatically
for each resident which can save time and staff need for working.
After the implementation of this project we will be able to keep track their increasing
resident’s database. This database will help them to find out the regarding details of the
available blocks, flats, details of residents, installment paid, expenses that is to be meet by
residents. In future, there is no probability to miss out any important data related to the
apartment. In future, there is no probability to miss out any important data related
to the details of apartment and the residents, which are very valuable for them by
reducing the complexity

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1.2. Problem Statement
There are a lot of drawbacks in keeping and maintaining an apartment. Especially with a
manual system. Since most apartments are run by only one owner or manager, the number
of residents in the apartments are not known by the manager. The data tends to grow time
after time since more tenants increase. Since the data is manually recorded and managed,
it is hard to keep track of the data while it is paper based. Lack of a computerized and more
sophisticated way for the landlords to manage the information about their apartments and
tenants. The current system that they have is manual recording of the information. They
possesses no database that could help them manage their records in a proper way. The
security of data is not fully assured since they can be easily lost in the manual way of
keeping their records. Upon a natural or manmade disaster, the manual records tends to get
lost and no way that one can keep track of the lost information.
1.3. Objectives
The main objective of this application is to help the construction industry users to manage
the operations and activities of apartments. This is a simple user interface developed using
.net technology. The main objectives of this system are as given below:
 This tool will ease the user to manage huge data of different customers who own
apartments from the same builder.
 To provide utility to the daily operations of apartment.
 To keep records of the daily transactions in an electronical manner which saves a
lot of energy, time and money.
 To enhance and upgrade the existing system by increasing its efficiency and
effectiveness.
 To provide a quick response with very accurate information regarding the activities
done in a flats.

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1.4. Scope and Limitation
1.4.1. Scope
Our project has made it easier for apartment to manage residents easily and systematically
In future we would like to add a provision for booking the auditorium for conducting more
than a event a day without collision we can also update the web application with added
features like online shopping for groceries and bill payments. Various real estates also can
use this software for the real estate business since, it helps to provide the info about the
resident and the owner easily. It can also be used in every old and upcoming apartments for
data collection , security and maintanance even housing businesses can also use these types
of software. Also by modifying it further with various function we can make this apartment
management system also helpful for schools , hostels, libraries etc. It can be used in office
and modification can be easily done according to requirements and Implementation of
integrated apartment system.
1.4.2. Limitation
One limitation is that our software is limited to small and medium scaled apartments. Time
and Financial constraints were the two major factor that hindered the progress of this
research. Since many financial works are done through the paper work in our country such
as payment, bills, maintenance fee as it’s the better way of trust of billing and paying. So it
our system may not be able to provide the function of these financial functions. One of the
limitation of this system is that it does not provide the information about the likes of the
tenants or residents it only provide the information about the apartments and rooms and
their numbers and available facilities.
1.5. Report organization
This report is organized into five chapters. In the 1st
chapter, the project is introduces in
details along with the problem statement, its objective, and scope and limitation .The 2nd
chapter contains the background study and literature review of the project. The 3rd
Chapter
contains details about the system design of the project that includes functional and non-
functional requirements. Analysis and evaluation of the project are done by feasibility
analysis .Also data modeling and process modeling of the project is done to analyze the data

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and working mechanism of the system in detail. System design, architecture design,
database schema, interface design class diagram and sequence diagram. The method and
tools used to implement the project and all testing for this system are explained in the 4th
chapter .Finally the 5th
chapter contains a conclusion based on the project.

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Chapter 2: Background Study and Literature Review
2.1. Background study
Apartment house, also called apartment block, or block of flats, building containing more
than one dwelling unit, most of which are designed for domestic use, but sometimes
including shops and other nonresidential features. An apartment is a self-contained housing
unit that occupies only part of a building. Apartments may be owned (by an owner-
occupier) or rented (by tenants). The term "apartment" is favored in North America,
whereas the term "flat" is sometimes, but not exclusively, used in the United Kingdom and
most other English-speaking areas and Commonwealth nations. Some apartment-dwellers
own their own apartments, either as co-ops, in which the residents own shares of a
corporation that owns the building or development; or in condominiums, whose residents
own their apartments and share ownership of the public space. Most apartments are in
buildings designed for the purpose, but large older houses are sometimes divided into
apartments. The word apartment connotes a residential unit or section in a building.
2.2. Literature Review
An Apartment Management System is a tool to help any tenants and owners who are still
using the old way to manage their apartment. The old way like self-visiting with the owner
or in sighting the apartments and finding about the availability of the rooms is hard to
proceed and information about the rooms are not properly maintained , no central database
can be created as information is not fully available in the database. But by using the
apartment management system we can easily overcome the problems mentioned above.
Apartment searching, availability of rooms and flats, and their conditions can be very easily
handled by this system. This system is suitable for smalls and big apartments including the
housing also, malls rental and shops. However I would like to focus on the Apartment that
are available for the tenants and its management by the owners. This existing system is
manual based and need a lot of efforts and consume enough time. In this system we can
apply for the flats but there may be some problems in allotments and payments that may
lead to corruptions as well as in the calculation of the maintenance cost. Otherwise in
overall this system can be very helpful and it can make things easier.

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Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design
3.1. System Analysis
Systems analysis is "the process of studying a procedure or business in order to identify its
goals and purposes and create systems and procedures that will achieve them in an efficient
way". System analysis refers to an orderly structured process for identifying and solving
problem using computer. It is the most essential part of the project development. It is the
process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problems and using the information
to recommend improvement to the system. Training, experience and common sense are
required for the collection of information needed to do the analysis. To analyze a system
one has to study the system work in detail, before designing the appropriate computer based
system that will meet the requirements of the system. In the other words, system analysis
specifies what the system analyst specifies what the system should perform. Analysis can
also be a series of components that perform organic functions together, such as system
engineering. System engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on
how complex engineering projects should be designed and managed.
3.1.1. Requirement Analysis
Requirements analysis or requirements engineering is a process used to determine the needs
and expectations of a new product. It involves frequent communication with the
stakeholders and end-users of the product to define expectations, resolve conflicts, and
document all the key requirements. Requirements analysis allows software engineers to
define user needs early in the development process. It helps them deliver a system that
meets customers' time, budget and quality expectations. If you are designing a system or a
software program, you might want to know how to analyze its requirements properly.

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i.Functional Requirement
Functional requirements define the basic system behavior. Functional requirements are the
statement of the services that the system must provide or descriptions of how some
computation are carried out. The functional requirement of this project is explained through
the use case diagram.
Apartment Management System
Figure 3.1: Use case diagram

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REGISTER:
The first procedure is the registration of the customer who visit our apartment system.
Adding new user to the system which stores for each member identification number, name,
address, password, mobile number and email address.
LOGIN:
Admin also has the authority to provide email and password for the users. After the
registration in to the system user should login through email and password.
ADVERTISEMENT:
After the owner register he has to provide the advertisement of his apartment with its full
details and facilities available binding with its price and availability of flat or room.
SEARCH:
In this section the customer can search for the apartments and the rooms he is interested
and along with its address.
ii. Non-functional Requirements
Non-functional requirements are the requirements that are not directly concerned with the
specific functions delivered by the system but they concerned with the emergent system
properties, such as reliability, response time, security, safety etc. They provide the good
user experience and ease of operating the software. This section includes the non-
functional requirements of this project.
RELIABILITY:
Apartment management system we will try to remove all most error so that our system does
not hangs frequently and it will give result perfectly and it will be more reliable to access
the apartment system.
PERFORMANCE:
Performance of the system should be fast and accurate. System should be handling expected
and unexpected errors. It should be able to handle large amount of data.

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SECURITY:
Apartment management system will want password to ensure legal access and block illegal
or unauthorized access.
3.1.2 Feasibility study
All projects are feasible when given unlimited resources and infinite time. It is both
necessary and prudent to evaluate the feasibility of the project at the earliest possible time.
A feasibility study is not warranted for systems in which economics justification is obvious,
technical risk is low, few legal problems are expected and no reasonable alternative exists.
Feasibility analysis will help you make Informed and transparent decisions at crucial points
during the developmental process to determine whether it is operationally, economically
and technically realistic to proceed with a particular course of action.
Most feasibility studies are distinguished for both users and analysts. Feasibility study is all
about showing if this project is feasible or not best on different types of feasibility.
i. Technical Feasibility
The system required technical equipment such as laptop internet and desktop .Any current
device is required to implement apartment management system .Hence the system is
technically feasible. The apartment management system supports the technical feasibility to
an great extends. Development of the system and the cost of hardware and software are not
high. This reduce efforts and the time of us. This make system economically feasible.
ii. Economic Feasibility
This system does not addition hardware and software. The cost to conduct a full system is
reusable because the required information was connected from the internet .The PHP
platform enables the user free and open source which is the free of fast. Hence this system
close not requires system so it satisfies is economic feasibility.
iii. Operational Feasibility
People are inherently resistant to change, and computers have been known to facilitate
change. An estimate should be made of how strong a reaction the user staff is likely to have
toward the development of a computerized system. It is common knowledge that computer
installations have something to do with turnover, transfers, retraining, and changes in
employee job status. Therefore, it is understood that the introduction of a candidate system

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requires special effort to educate, sell and train the staff on new ways of conducting
business.
iv. Schedule feasibility
Schedule feasibility is the determination of whether proposed project can be implemented
fully with in statement time frame .It helps provide the possibility of the project to
completed within a separate time. If the project is implemented within statement time than
the project is consider to be schedulable feasible.
Table 3.1: Gantt Chart for Schedule
weeks
tasks
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
Study&
analysis
Documentation
Data collection
Implementation
& testing
Review
Presentation

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3.1.3 Data Flow Diagram
Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) are graphical representations of the "flow" of data through an
information system. Data flow diagrams can be used for the visualization of data
processing. Data Flow Diagrams Solution is a powerful data flow diagramming application
that allows you quickly create any Data Flow Diagrams including the data storages,
external entities, functional transforms, data flows, as well as control transforms and
signals. The flow of information and the information of demanded rooms and flats should
be displayed by the apartment information system that can be used by the tenants while
level 0 DFD and level 1 DFD.
CONTEXT LEVEL DFD (0 level):
DFD Level 0 is also called a Context Diagram. The Context Diagram shows the system
under consideration as a single high-level process and then shows the relationship that the
system has with other external entities (systems, organizational groups, external data stores,
etc.). It’s a basic overview of the whole system or process being analyzed or modeled.
Figure 3.2: Context-Level Diagram

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LEVEL 1 DFD:
The Level 0 DFD is broken down into more specific, Level 1 DFD. Level 1 DFD depicts
basic modules in the system and flow of data among various modules. Level 1 DFD also
mentions basic processes and sources of information. It provides a more detailed view of
the Context Level Diagram.
Figure 3.3: Level 1 DFD

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3.1.4. ER - Diagram
An Entity Relationship Diagram is a visual representation of different entities within a
system and how they relate to each other. ER diagrams are created based on three basic
concepts: entities, attributes and relationships. Entity Relationship Diagram symbol and
notations mainly contains three basic symbols which are rectangle, oval and diamond to
represent relationships between elements, entities and attributes. There are some sub-
elements which are based on main elements in ERD Diagram. ER Diagram is a visual
representation of data that describes how data is related to each other using different ERD
Symbols and Notations.
Figure 3.4: ER diagram of apartment management system

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3.2. System Design
System design is the process of defining the components, modules, interfaces, and data for
a system to satisfy specified requirements. System development is the process of creating
or altering systems, along with the processes, practices, models, and methodologies used
to develop them. The goal of system design is to allocate the requirements of a large system
to hardware and software components. The system design activity starts after the system
requirements analysis has been completed.
3.2.1. Architecture Design
Apartment architecture has been one of the keystones of the profession since the early days
of modernity. Architects approach apartment projects from multiple perspectives. Who will
use the apartment and how will they use it? How will people get to the apartment? What
collections will the apartment house? How much can be determined about its future
collections? Each of the buildings below is an example of different ways architects have
responded to the challenge of designing a apartment during different periods.
Figure 3.5: Architecture of Apartment Management System

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3.2.2. Database Schema Design
A database schema is a blueprint that addresses every functional element of a database,
such as tables, fields, records and keys and their relationships to each other. Schemas can
be designed either for minimal redundancy and maximum interpretability, or for
performance and reducing the complexity, time and cost of the queries needed to pull data
from a database.
Figure 3.6: Database Schema Design of Apartment system

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3.2.3. Interface Design
Interface design plays an important role in determining how people interact with a software
product. This is because UI design has to do with how different visual elements, such as
colors, typography, and imagery, work together to create a seamless user experience. The
overarching goal of every UI design project is to create a product that is both aesthetically
appealing and easy to interact with. In other words, the product needs to create a pleasant
experience for users. This will not only create a strong first impression, but it also keeps
people coming back for more.
LOGIN:
The login page which includes login interface for users and administrators. Easy link for
administrators for login.
Figure 3.7: Login Page

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REGISTER PAGE:
The register page which includes register the users and administrators. Easy link for register
page.
Figure 3.8: Register Page

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HOME PAGE:
The welcome section introducing what the site is about and it shows the home page of our
project website ‘Apartment Management System’. The register column for easy signing up
of a user within seconds. A section showing browser compatibility.
Figure 3.9:Home page

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SEARCH PAGE:
This section shows the search bar of our systems such as the apartment locations and the
types of apartments and its rooms and flats as per need.
Figure 3.10: Search Page

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3.2.4. Class Diagram
In Object-Oriented modeling, the main building block generally represents different
objects in a system, their attributes, their different functions, and relationships among
objects. These building blocks are known as class diagram. Class diagrams are generally
used for conceptual modeling of static view of a software application, and for modeling
translating models into programming code in a detailed manner. At time of developing or
construction software systems, a class diagram is widely used. They are also used for data
modeling. It is used to show classes, relationships among them, interface, association,
etc.
Figure 3.11: Class Diagram of Apartment System

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Chapter 4: Implementation and Testing
4.1. Implementation
4.1.1. Tools Used
The whole project is in two parts the front end. This report focuses on the design and
implementation of the apartment management system. It deals with the complete processes
on building and implementing it. It focuses in the technical aspects of the system starting
with identifying the necessary components and building the relevant relationship between
or among them as needed for the smooth and efficient operation of the system.
FRONT END:
The front end is design using Bootstrap, HTML CSS, Java script.
Bootstrap:
Bootstrap is a HTML, CSS & JS Apartment that focuses on simplifying the development
of informative web pages. The primary purpose of adding it to a web project is to apply
Bootstrap's choices of color, size, font and layout to that project. As such, the primary factor
is whether the developers in charge find those choices to their liking. Once added to a
project, Bootstrap provides basic style definitions for all HTML elements. The result is a
uniform appearance for prose, tables and form elements across web browsers. In addition,
developers can take advantage of CSS classes defined in Bootstrap to further customize the
appearance of their contents. For example, Bootstrap has provisioned for light- and dark-
colored tables, page headings, more prominent pull quotes, and text with a highlight.
Bootstrap also comes with several JavaScript components in the form of J Query plugins.
They provide additional user interface elements such as dialog boxes, tooltips. Bootstrap
component consists of an HTML structure, CSS declarations, and in some cases
accompanying JavaScript code. They also extend the functionality of some existing
interface elements, including for example an auto-complete function for input fields.

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HTML:
The Hyper Text Markup Language, or HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is the
standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It can
be assisted by technologies such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and scripting
languages such as JavaScript. Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web
server or from local storage and render the documents into multimedia web pages. HTML
describes the structure of a web page semantically and originally included cues for the
appearance of the document. HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages.
With HTML constructs, images and other objects such as interactive forms may be
embedded into the rendered page. HTML provides a means to create structured
documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs,
lists, links, quotes and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags, written
using angle brackets. Tags such as <img/>and <input/> directly introduce content into the
page. Other tags such as<p/>surround and provide information about document text and
may include other tags as sub-elements. Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use
them to interpret the content of the page.
HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such as JavaScript, which
affects the behavior and content of web pages. Inclusion of CSS defines the look and layout
of content. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), former maintainer of the HTML and
current maintainer of the CSS standards, has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit
presentational HTML since 1997.
CSS:
Stands for "Cascading Style Sheet." Cascading style sheets are used to format the layout
of Web pages. They can be used to define text styles, table sizes, and other aspects of Web
pages that previously could only be defined in a page's HTML.CSS helps Web developers
create a uniform look across several pages of a Web site. Instead of defining the style of
each table and each block of text within a page's HTML, commonly used styles need to be
defined only once in a CSS document. Once the style is defined in cascading style sheet, it
can be used by any page that references the CSS file. Plus, CSS makes it easy to change
styles across several pages at once. For example, web developer may want to increase the
default text size from 10pt to 12pt for fifty pages of a Web site.

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JAVA SCRIPT:
JavaScript is a programming language commonly used in web development. It was
originally developed by Netscape as a means to add dynamic and interactive elements to
websites. While JavaScript is influenced by Java, the syntax is more similar to C and is
based on ECMAScript, a scripting language developed by Sun Microsystems.JavaScript is
a client-side scripting language, which means the source code is processed by the
client's web browser rather than on the web server. This means JavaScript functions can
run after a webpage has loaded without communicating with the server. For example, a
JavaScript function may check a web form before it is submitted to make sure all the
required fields have been filled out. The JavaScript code can produce an error message
before any information is actually transmitted to the server.Like server-side scripting
languages, such as PHP and ASP, JavaScript code can be inserted anywhere within
the HTML of a webpage. However, only the output of server-side code is displayed in the
HTML, while JavaScript code remains fully visible in the source of the webpage. It can
also be referenced in a separate .JS file, which may also be viewed in a browser.
Below is an example of a basic JavaScript function that adds two numbers. The function is
called with the parameters 7 and 11. If the code below were included in the HTML of a
webpage, it would display the text "18" in an alert box.
BACK END:
The back end is designed using MYSQL, php which is used to design the database.
MYSQL:
The SQL stand for structured, query language. The MYSQL development project has made
its source code. MYSQL was owned by oracle corporation .MYSQL is a choice of a
database for use in web applications. Free software open source project that require a full-
featured database management system often use MYSQL.

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PHP:
Stands for "Hypertext Preprocessor." (It is a recursive acronym, if you can understand what
that means.) PHP is an HTML-embedded Web scripting language. This means PHP code
can be inserted into the HTML of a Web page. When a PHP page is accessed, the PHP code
is read or "parsed" by the server the page resides on. The output from the PHP functions on
the page are typically returned as HTML code, which can be read by the browser. Because
the PHP code is transformed into HTML before the page is loaded, users cannot view the
PHP code on a page. This make PHP pages secure enough to access databases and other
secure information. A lot of the syntax of PHP is borrowed from other languages such as
C, Java and Perl. However, PHP has a number of unique features and specific functions as
well. The goal of the language is to allow Web developers to write dynamically generated
pages quickly and easily. PHP is also great for creating database-driven Web sites. If you
would like to learn more about PHP, the official site is PHP.net.
DRAW.IO:
In the system structuring part of the report organization, we have drawn ER Diagram,
DFDs and Use case diagrams with the help of the case tool called Draw.io. It is an easy
tool for constructing such diagrams providing necessary images, shapes etc. It also
provides some standards that are available in designing.
MSWORD
MS Word is a graphical word processing program that user can type with. It is made by the
computer company Microsoft. Its purpose is to allow users to type and save documents.
Similar to other word processors, it has helpful tools to make documents.

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4.1.2. Implementation Details
System Implementation is the stage of the project when the theoretical design is tuned into
working system. If the implementation system stage is not carefully controlled and planned,
it can cause chaos. Thus it can be considered to be the most critical stage in achieving a
successful new system and in giving the users a confidence that the system will work and
be effective.
The implementation of the apartment management system deals with the complete
processes on building and implementing it. It focuses in the technical aspects of the system
starting with identifying the necessary components and building the relevant relationship
between or among them as needed for the smooth and efficient operation of the system.
The process starts with the entities involved in the system, with proceeding towards the ER
Diagram in order to identify the meaningful relationship between the entities. Next is the
table design which fulfils the normalization principle of relational database system and
finally the physical tables are created with the necessary and relevant data in them. Careful
Planning investigation of the current system, checking constraints and the implementation.

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4.2. Testing
Testing is a done by every project often complication generated of the project efficiently.
Testing is an essential aspect of the project that is usually perform during every step so that
errors are present some step then it tested particular step during testing.
4.2.1. Test Cases for Unit Testing
The module includes four main components to undergo unit testing. It checks the syntax
error, logic error and validity of the program correctness. This test will be performed by
the developers. Unit testing used to test the different module that id used in project like
admin login module, registration module, search module.
LOGIN MODULES:
Table 4.1: Login Module
Test case
id
Test
scenario
Test steps Input test
data
Expected
result
Actual
result
Pass/fail
TC-1 Check login
activity and
valid data.
-open
admin
login form.
-Fill all the
field of a
form with
valid data
click login
button
-
email:man
@gmail.co
m
-Password:
123
-Admin
should get
admin
Dashboard &
Perform
admin
activity.
As
expecte
d
pass

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REGISTRATION MODULES:
Table 4.2: Registration module
Test case
id
Test
scenario
Test steps Input test
data
Expected
result
Actual
result
Pass/fail
TC-2 Check
registers
activity and
valid data.
-open
register
form.
-Fill all the
field of a
form with
valid data
click
register
button.
ID:22
Name: Karan
email:karan
@gmail.com
-Password:
kkkk
address:
baitadi
-Register
should get
register
Dashboard
&
Perform
register
activity.
As
expecte
d
pass
SEARCH MODULE:
Table 4.3: Search module
Test case
id
Test
scenario
Test steps Input test
data
Expected
result
Actual
result
Pass/fail
TC-3 Check
search
activities
and
valid data.
-open
the
search page
–search for
the content.
Double bed
room with
one kitchen
and a
bathroom.
-search
content
should be
seen on
Dashboard.
As
expecte
d
pass

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RESERVE ROOM:
Table 4.4:Reserve room
Test case
id
Test
scenario
Test steps Input test
data
Expected
result
Actual
result
Pass/fail
TC-4 Check for
the
availability
of room.
-search
room
-check
whether
room is
vacant or
not
Reserve
vacant room
-room must
be vacant
and get
reserved by
.
As
expecte
d
pass

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4.2.2. Test Cases for System Testing
Software verification is a vital aspect of software quality assurance and constitutes the
overall analysis of requirements architecture and coding. The testing process includes
testing the system using different test data, the processing of test data plays critical role in
the testing of the system. After the preparation of the test results the device under analysis
will be checked. Unit research focuses on the verification of the smallest unit of the product
design module using the evaluation plan for the unit. Prepared as a reference during the
design process of the device, critical control paths are checked to identify errors with in the
boundaries of the modules. The interface of each of the module under consideration are
also being tested. Boundary conditions have been tested .Both separate paths of have been
used to ensure that all statements in the module are executed at least once and that all error
handling paths have been checked .Each device was carefully checked to verify whether
might be in any potential scenario. This test was carried out during the programming itself.
After these test step it was observed that each device was operating satisfactorily, as
predicted form the module. Data may be over the interface of the module which may have
detrimental effort on the sub function of another when combined it may not deliver the
desired main function of the global data structure may create issue. Integration testing the
asymmetrical method used to build experiments to detect interface related errors, in this
test stage all modules . Then the entire software was tested as a hole. Errors in working of
Links: This was the major problem that was encountered often. This was due to use of
different file names as given in the link and the actual file name. These bugs were then
easily resolved.

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Chapter 5: Conclusion And Future Recommendations
5.1. Lesson Learnt /Outcome
Lesson learned is the knowledge gained from the process of conducting a project. This
includes the positive and negative. Ideas is to repeat the positive aspects and not repeat the
mistakes.
Lesson Learnt
In this project we have learned that how can we built the system using various tools and
techniques and know how the system works in real time. We had known how and where
the programming language Like C, C++, PHP and JS were implemented. We learned how
does software works in system. Learning occurs on every project. Lessons learned is the
learning gained from the process of performing the project. We learn from our own project
experiences as well as the experiences of others. Project managers, team members and
leadership can all participate in the lessons learned sessions, review the lessons learned
reports and make decisions on how to use the knowledge gained. Sharing lessons learned
among project team members prevents an organization from repeating the same mistakes
and also allows them to take advantage of organizational best practices. Innovative
approaches and good work practices can be shared with others. Lessons learned can be used
to improve future projects and future stages of current projects. It is not necessary to wait
until the end of the project for the learning to occur. Lessons can be identified at any point
during the project. A lessons learned session should be conducted at different time frames
based on the criticality and complexity of the project. Key times are at the end of the project,
at the end of each phase and real time – when you learn the lesson. If you wait until the end
the project for a large project you miss some of the key lessons. Because of the time that
has elapsed, project team members may forget some of the things they learned or team
members assigned to the project in the early phases may no longer be part of the project
during the later phases. The best time to begin discussing lessons learned is during the
project discursion.

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Outcome
After doing this project, we should be able to:
 Develop plans with relevant people to achieve the project's goals
 Break work down into tasks and determine handover procedures
Identify links and dependencies.
 Estimate and cost the human and physical resources required, and make plans to
obtain the necessary resources
 The main aspect of this project is to interact familiar with customer it facilitate to user
register in the system .
5.2. Conclusion
The project work entitled “Apartment Management” is developed for the efficient and
reliable management of apartment. This project meant for helping the people who are living
in apartments to have easy access to activities held in apartments. When we move out to
new metros / cities where we don’t have any connections locally we find many difficulties
to get proper workers for maintenance works in the apartment. As we have decided this
project, we are sure the problems in the existed system would overcome. The Apartment
management system process is computerized to reduce human errors and to increase the
efficiency. The main focus of this project is to lessen human efforts. The maintenance of
the records is made efficient, as all the records are stored in the ACCESS database, through
which data can be retrieved easily. The navigation control will be provided in all the forms
to navigate through the large amount of records. If the numbers of records are very large
then user has to just type in the search string and user gets the results immediately. The
editing is also made simpler. The problems, which existed in the earlier system, have been
removed to a large extent. And it is expected that this project will go a long way in
satisfying user’s requirements. The computerization of the Apartment Supportive System
will not only improves the efficiency but will also reduce human stress thereby indirectly
improving human recourses.

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5.3. Future Recommendations
As the technology emerges, it is possible to upgrade the system and can be adaptable to
desired environment. Apartment management system based on the future security issues
security can be improve using emerging technologies and sub admin module can be added.
Apartment management system use of more class and modules to shot the code, more
controlling by administrators. Database records shall be encrypted so that it was not read
by user while accessing the database directly into the software. Multiple user can login at
a same time .Auto generates from for every user when they create user, many more new
form and module would be added in the next version of this system.

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References
1.  https://www.tutorial.com/index.html
 https://www.javatpoint.com
 https://www.w3schools.com
 https://html.com
 https://github.com

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Appendices

46. 35

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