#AHPND #outbreak in the #shrimp industry has caused losses of more than US$ 26 million in 2015.
In this issue, we will cover some of the facts of two major aquatic diseases - #8 Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) and #7 Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV).
4. Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
Causative agent
Vibrioparahaemolyticus (Vp AHPND)
Vp AHPND - Generate toxins that causes
AHPND
#8
Is it OIE-listed? Yes
04
5. Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
#8
Susceptible Species
Giant tiger prawn (Penaeusmonodon)
Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeusvannamei)
05
Susceptible Stages
Postlarvae (PL)
Juveniles
6. Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
06
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
#8
Mortality & Morbidity
Mass mortality (up to 100%)
As early as 10 days (post-stocking)
Within 30-35 days (post-stocking)
7. Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
Clinical Signs
Pale-to-white hepatopancreas (HP)
Shrunken HP
Rubbery HP
Empty midgut
Soft shells 07
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
#8
8. Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
Behavioural Changes
Lethargy
Erratic swimming
08
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
#8
9. Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
Special Notes
Vp AHPND could not be transmitted via
frozen infected shrimp.
Advisable to PRE-SCREEN your PL
(before stocking), Broodstock, and live
feed
09
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
#8
10. Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
TESTS AVAILABLE
AHPND Toxin
AHPND Toxin & Plasmid
Vibrioparahaemolyticus
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
10
#8
info@mylabind.com
+6.03.6021 6880
11. Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner
AHPND-infected Healthy
Empty stomach
Pale HP
Empty gut
Full stomach
Brown HP
Full gut
References
OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals,
2019, Chapter 2.2.1. - Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis
disease (AHPND)
TRAN L., NUNAN L., REDMAN R.M., LIGHTNER D.V.
& FITZSIMMONS K. (2013a). EMS/AHPNS: Infectious
disease caused by bacteria. Global Aquaculture
Advocate, July/August, 18–20
Soto-Rodriguez, S., Gomez-Gil, B., Lozano-Olvera, R.,
Betancourt-Lozano, M., & Morales-Covarrubias, M.
(2015). Field and Experimental Evidence of Vibrio
parahaemolyticus as the Causative Agent of Acute
Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease of Cultured
Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Northwestern
Mexico. Applied And Environmental
Microbiology, 81(5), 1689-1699. doi: 10.1128/aem.03610-
14
11
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
(AHPND)
#8
13. Susceptible Species
Yellowleg shrimp (Penaeuscaliforniensis)
Giant tiger prawn (Penaeusmonodon),
Northern white shrimp (Penaeussetiferus)
Blue shrimp (Litopenaeusstylirostris)
White leg shrimp (Litopenaeusvannamei).
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
Is it OIE-listed? Yes
13
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
14. Mortality & Morbidity
Varies among shrimp species
Juveniles of L.stylirostris(>90%)
14
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
Susceptible Stages
All life stages
Low virus load in spawned eggs & larval
stages
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
15. Clinical Signs*
Opaque abdominal musculature
Cuticle deformities
Soft & mottled shell
Wrinkled antennae
15
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
*Clinical signs may vary with species
16. Clinical Signs*
Retarded growth (Runt Deformity
Syndrome)
Deformed rostrums
Deformed 6th abdominal segment
Blue coloration (P.monodon)
16
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
*Clinical signs may vary with species
17. 17
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
Behavioural Changes
Anorexia
Lethargy
Abnormal swimming behaviour
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
18. More Signs of Disease
Poor hatching success (EGGS)
Poor survival (LARVAE & PL)
18
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
19. Special Notes
IHHNV suppreses prawns immune
system
Not all infected crustaceans show
clinical signs
IHHNV-resistant prawns and early life
stages are CARRIERS
19
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
20. References
OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals, 2019,
Chapter 2.2.4. - Infectious Hypodermal and
Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
Vengatesan, J., Otta, S., Praveena, E., & K.P., J. (2019).
Classical Runt Deformity Syndrome Cases in Farmed
Penaeus vannamei Along the East Coast of India. Journal
Of Coastal Research, (86), 107-111.
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic Necrosis
(IHHN) | Disease guide. Retrieved 10 March 2020, from
https://thefishsite.com/disease-guide/infectious-
hypodermal-and-haematopoietic-necrosis-ihhn
20
Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic
Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
#7
(B) (C)
(A) Deformed rostrum
Source: Vengatesan et al (2019)
(B) Abdominal deformities;
(C) Size variation
Source: Prof. D.V. Lightner.
