Stem Cells as Therapy

1. STEM CELLS AS THERAPY
•SUBJECT:PHARMACOLOGY
•NAME : VIVEK VYAS* & JAY DASADIA

2. STEM CELLS
• Stem cells are basic cells of all multicellular organisms
having the potency to differentiate into wide range of
adult cells.
• Stem cells have three general properties:
-Unspecialized,
-Continuous self-renewal,
-Differentiate to specialized cell.
Sources of stem cells
• Bone marrow, Peripheral blood, Umbilical cord blood,
Adipose tissue, Wharton’s jelly, Placenta, Muscle,
Amniotic fluid, Menstrual blood, Dental pulp1

3. VAROIUS TYPES OF STEM CELLS1

4. AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
(ALS)2
• Motor neurons die, leading to paralysis. Popular as Hawkin’s
disease
• Product status: USFDA-approved multi-center Phase II NSI-
566/ALS clinical trials, with significant increase in dosing,
concluded in 2015
• Mechanism of Action: Rebuilding neural circuitry
• Route of Administration: Direct injections into the spinal cord
• Objectives:
– GRAFT
– REBUILD
– PROTECT

5. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome)3

6. Treatment Of Heart Failure4
Helical Infusion Catheter
Joshua Hare, M.D,
PATIENT: Max Eaton
After treatment with stem cell – shrinkage of heart by 25% and increased efficiency by 45%.

7. ETHICAL ISSUES
(SOCIAL CONTROVERSIES)5
• Initially – NO rules
• Issues regarding IVF & Ovule preservation
USA:-National Academy Guideline
• ESCRO(Embryoinc stem cell research oversight
committee)
• Project- HINGSTONE GROUP.
• For any embryonic research premission of Hinstone
group is essential.
INDIA:- ICMR(Indian clinical Medical Research)

8. Endogenous Pluripotent Stem Cells
{ePS}6
• Rare somatic cells from human breast tissue exhibit
extensive lineage plasticity.
• Marker:- CD73 & CD90.
• Normal cell:- High CD90 & Low CD73
• ePS cell :- High CD73 & Low CD90
- It has similar proteins as found in Embryonic
stem cells.
- Regenerating & Pluripotent property.

9. Preclinical Trial:-
• After Mastectomy regeneration of Breast cells ans also
showed Lactation during pregnancy in Rat.

10. ADVANTAGE OF ePS over
Embryonic stem cell
• Limited life span
• No probability of forming Pre-cancerous cells
• Low immunological rejection
Use – Organ Regeneration

12. REFERENCE’S
1. Ritika Sharma, Deepak Bhargava, Pooja Rastogi, Mukesh Yadav, Vidyadevi
Chandavarkar, M.Siddhartha, Peeyush Caroli, Puja Bansal, Review Research
Paper on Stem Cells: An Update, J Indian Acad Forensic Med. July-September
2014, Vol. 36, No. 3 .
2. http://www.neuralstem.com/cell-therapy-for-als
3. www.nas-site.org
4. www.uhealthsystem.com
5. www.icmr.nic.in
6. Somdutta Roy, Philippe Gascard, Nancy Dumont, Thea D. Tisty, Deng Pan, Jianix
Zhao, Sarah Petrie, Margeta, RARE SOMATIC CELLS FROM HUMAN
BREAST TISSUE EXHIBIT EXTENSIVE LINEAGE PLASTICITY, PNAS
March 2013, vol. 110, No. 12