) An Overview of Pakistan Poultry. b) History and Development of Poultry. c) Major Policy Decisions by Govt to develop poultry. d) Phases of Pakistan’s Poultry Industry. e) Poultry Farming System in Pakistan. f) Division of Poultry Industry. g) Overall growth of Pakistan Poultry. h) Relationship between the human population and the poultry industry. i) Present Status of Commercial Poultry (2013-14 statistics). j) Export from Poultry Sector.

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by-
Maria Tayyab Vayani
Class: MSc (final)
Unit: Poultry Physiology
Seat no: P19241013
Date:28-may-2021
Course:
Poultry Management
Course incharge:
Dr. Taseer

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Table of Contents
a)An Overview of Pakistan Poultry.
b) History and Development of Poultry.
c) Major Policy Decisions by Govt to develop poultry.
d) Phases of Pakistan’s Poultry Industry.
e) Poultry Farming System in Pakistan.
f) Division of Poultry Industry.
g) Overall growth of Pakistan Poultry.
h) Relationship between the human population and the poultry
industry.
i) Present Status of Commercial Poultry (2013-14 statistics).
j) Export from Poultry Sector.

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An Overview of Pakistan Poultry:
The poultry sector is important in Pakistan with a significant contribution to the
national GDP (gross domestic product), and Poultry industry is the second
largest industry of Pakistan after textile.
The poultry provides humans with companionship, food, and fiber in the form
of eggs, meat, and feathers. On account of high demand for poultry meat and
egg as result, the poultry industry flourished highly in the last few decades.
The Poultry Industry of Pakistan is making a huge contribution in bridging the
gap between the supply and demand of meat protein. With the continuous
depletion of the supply of red meat, poultry is the cheapest available animal
protein source.
The poultry industry generates employment and provides a source of income
to more than 1.5 million people of Pakistan directly and indirectly.
History and Development of Poultry:
In Pakistan, the concept of commercial poultry rearing, hatching, and feed
milling was not known a few decades ago.
The backyard poultry was the only source of enriched animal protein. In
Pakistan poultry was kept as a backyard business for household needs till the
early ’60.
Prior to 1963:
The native breed Desi was mainly raised which produced a maximum of 73
eggs per year under local conditions.
In 1963:
A national campaign was launched to enhance the production of feed products
in the country and also government announced a tax exemption policy from the
income derived from poultry.
In 1964:
PIA in collaboration with Shaver Poultry breeding farms of Canada started the
first-ever commercial hatchery in Karachi.

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In 1965-66:
▪ An improved breed "Lyallpur Silver Black" was evolved in the
department of Poultry Husbandry, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad.
In 1965-75:
▪ The special emphasis was laid by government to develop poultry industry
in the country and Pakistan’s government made major policy decisions
to provide all possible facilities to poultry industry in the annual
development plans.
Major Policy Decisions by Government to develop Poultry in Pakistan:
The following are the major policy decisions by the Government that helped the
earlier growth of the industry:
✓ Exemption of taxes from the income earned from poultry farming.
✓ Permission to import poultry equipments and flocks under the free list.
✓ Leasing of state land at nominal rates, and facilitation to the availability of loans
through different financial institutions
✓ Provision of subsidies on grains to formulate low cost, high quality rations.
✓ Declaration of Tuesday and Wednesday as meat-less days all except chicken to
promote poultry consumption.
✓ Establishment of Poultry Research Institutes, directorates of poultry
production and Federal Poultry Board with the motives to train poultry farmers
and provide research services and to create a link between the Government
and poultry farming community.

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1965-70
Introductory
Phase
1971-75 1976-80 1981-90 1991-
2000
2001-2020
Production
Boom Phase
Phases of Pakistan’s Poultry Industry:
Pakistan’s Poultry Industry can be divided into following phases:
▪ Introductory Phase 1965-1970
▪ Institutional Development Phase 1971-1975.
▪ Production Boom Phase 1976-1980.
▪ Depression and Adjustment Phase1981-1990
▪ Severe Disease Disaster Phase 1991-2000
▪ Poultry farming in recent times 2001- till now
Institutional
development
Phase
Depression &
Adjustment
Phase
Severe Disease
Disaster Phase
Poultry farming
in recent times
2001-till now

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1 Introductory Phase 1965-70:
▪ During this period, early poultry ventures were strongly supported
by the government of Pakistan.
▪ Poultry production was free from national tax charges. Poultry
producers were allowed to import genetically improved breeding
stocks and equipment such as incubators number of catalytic
forces shaped the early development of the poultry industry.
▪ The Directorate of Poultry Production in Karachi was established to
provide extension services to a steadily growing poultry farming
community.
Institutional development Phase 1971-75:
▪ In this phase, poultry production became a significant, and
profitable enterprise in Pakistan.
▪ The success in the poultry sector encouraged the government to
strengthen institutions serving this industry.
▪ The Directorate of Poultry Development was established in Punjab
similar to that in Karachi.
▪ In 1978 Poultry research institutes were established in Karachi and
Rawalpindi with assistance from UNDP/FAO funds to provide
research services to poultry farmers.
▪ In 1979 Federal Poultry Board was established to begin an effective
link between industry and government.
▪ This phase is characterized by both the great success and also
great failure of the poultry industry.
▪ Poultry producers struggled with the unfavourable statements of
government programs e.g., the ban on the export of poultry
products and the consequences of some major planning flaws such
as the establishment of poultry estates clustered together without
sufficient hygiene and health control
▪ At the same time, the clustering of production units led to large
disease outbreaks, and the lack of marketing facilities due to the
ban on the export of poultry products limited industry growth.
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Production Boom Phase 1976-80:
▪ The government of Sindh followed a policy to attract investment
in poultry farming by offering estate land under ten-year leases.
▪ In 1976- 80 egg production increased from 624 million eggs to
1223 million eggs.
▪ Broiler production increased from 7.2 million birds to 17.4 million
birds during the same period.
▪ The increased volume of production was forced through limited
marketing channels.
▪ Serious financial setbacks to poultry farming in Pakistan
culminated from the discontinuation of exports, disease
problems, high prices of feed, and the limited supply of feed
ingredients.
▪ In 1979 Poultry farmers faced with financial problems and
seeking remedial measures formed the Pakistan Poultry
Association on the advice of the Federal Poultry Board.
Depression and adjustment 1981–1990:
▪ During this period the poultry industry was experience unique
geographic relocation.
▪ In the early 1980s, the size and volume of the poultry industry
showed a remarkable decrease in the Sindh province.
▪ Diseases outbreaks and decreased productivity due to climatic
stress required long-term solutions.
▪ The large Karachi poultry estates began to close and many
poultry farms closed in interior Sindh.
▪ under these constraints, more progressive farmers decided to
relocated the poultry farms in cooler, less polluted areas.
▪ Breeding farms in Karachi and Punjab thus relocated to
Abbotabad, to the base of the Murree Hills and to the Valley of
Quetta.
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6
Severe Disease Disaster Phase 1991-2000:
▪ This period was characterized by several disasters in the industry,
especially from disease.
▪ In 1990 Hydro Pericardium Syndrome HPS appeared and caused
huge damage to broiler and broiler breeder flocks.
▪ In 1991 Gumboro appeared and adversely affected broiler, layer,
and parent flocks.
▪ In 1995 while the industry was trying to adjust itself from the
earlier HPS and Gumboro attacks, another outbreak of Avian
Influenza in Murree and Abbottabad occurred in the parent flocks
and caused up to 80% mortality.
▪ The emergence of these diseases opened new avenues in the
industry, New companies for the import of vaccines and
medicines were established.
▪ University of Agriculture in Faisalabad, poultry and veterinary
research institutes played important roles in controlling these
problems.
▪ In 1997, the imposition of a ban by the Federal Government on
serving lunch in marriage functions (where the chicken was
consumed) further deteriorated the situation, as it reduced the
demand for poultry products in the local market by about 40%.
▪ In 1998 chick prices improved and breeding and hatchery
companies became more financially secure, but in 1999 the
industry again suffered due to the appearance of influenza-like
diseases.
▪ Despite the industry experiencing heavy losses during this phase,
it kept on growing and showed an excellent growth rate of about
67%.
Poultry farming in recent times (2001 until now)
▪ In this phase, the industry received huge investments from new
investors and poultry farming started shifting from open-sided
houses to new, state-of-the-art barns.
▪ The establishment of the University of Veterinary and Animal
Science in Lahore in 2002.
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▪ New investors entered into the industry and adopted modern
technologies such as environmentally controlled housing.
▪ Up until 2004, the poultry industry enjoyed excellent growth with
good profit margins
▪ Pakistan industry still attained 127% growth in the total number of
birds produced, 126% growth in the total meat production and 71%
growth in terms of total eggs produced between 2000-2010.
▪ The reason behind this extraordinary growth is the existence of the
strong base of this industry in Pakistan.
▪ Presently the cheapest available sources of animal protein in
Pakistan are the eggs and meat of poultry.
The commercial poultry industry surfaced through the joint efforts of Government
and private sectors. Now poultry industry is the second largest livestock sector in
Pakistan after dairy farming.
Commercial poultry production is concentrated around the big cities in Sindh and
Punjab provinces:
PUNJAB: Lahore, Rawalpindi, Multan, Bhawalpur, Rahimyar khan,
Mianwali.
SINDH: Karachi, Mirpurkhas, Sukkur, Nawabshah, Gharroo.
Poultry sector has contributed 1.3% in GDP during 2013-14 and Poultry
meat contributes 28.0% of the total meat production. Poultry Industry is
more than Rs 200 billion. The poultry value added at current factor cost
has increased from Rs 121.7 billion (2012-13) to billion 130.7 (2013-14)
showing an increase of 7.4% as compared to previous year.

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Poultry Farming System in
Pakistan
Poultry industry in Pakistan is being grown through two
management systems:
a. Commercial farming, and
b. Rural poultry farming.
Commercial Farming means raising various types of
domestic birds commercially for the purpose of meat, eggs
and feather production.
Rural Farming means poultry birds are mostly raising and
maintain in the backyard of village houses on large scale,
with very little investment by villagers.
The commercial production of poultry is initially
concentrated around large urban centres in Sindh and
Punjab, and now is well spread all over the country.

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Division of Poultry
Industry:
1.Hatchery sector
2.Farming sector
3.Feed sector
1.Hatchery sector:
Backbone of poultry industry.
Eggs are placed in incubators for 21 days and day-
old chicks sold to the farming sector.
Its establishment requires significant investment.
2.Poultry farming sector:
Rearing of poultry birds / chicks for meat and eggs
is classified as poultry farming.
It is labor intensive and requires investment for
working capital mainly for the purchase of feed,
chick, vaccination etc.
Poultry farming can further be classified into:
Breeder Farming,
Layer Farming, and
Broiler Framing.
3. Feed Sector:
Major expense in poultry industry.
Feed mills require huge investments for
development of infrastructure.
70% Cost of Production (COP) is on feed.
Players in Poultry Industry:
• Feed mills
• Poultry farms
• Vaccine and medicine production houses
• Hatcheries
• Wholesaler• Retailer
• Middlemen (Distributors)

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Overall growth of Pakistan Poultry
in terms of total number of birds,
total meat and eggs production:
Overall growth in terms of total number of poultry birds (million
no.)
Source: Federal Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan.

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Overall growth in terms of total number of poultry meat
production (million no.)
Source: Federal Bureau of Statistics, Government of
Pakistan.

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Overall growth in terms of total number of poultry egg
production (million no.)
Source: Federal Bureau of Statistics, Government of
Pakistan.

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Relationship between the human population and
the poultry industry:
There exists a strong correlation (89.0%) between the human population and
poultry growth in Pakistan. This estimate shows the potential for the future
growth of this industry in Pakistan:
Relation between the growth of human and poultry population in Pakistan
Source: Federal Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan.

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Table 1
Present Status of Commercial Poultry (2013–14 statistics).
Type Units 2013–14
82.08
Present Status of Commercial Poultry
(2013-14 statistics):

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Export from Poultry Sector:
As poultry is sold as guaranteed Halal meat from a Muslim country, the
Pakistani industry has potential regarding the export of raw and value-added
meat products.
In previous years Pakistan’s poultry sector has shown a little activity regarding
the export of live and processed poultry products.
In the year 2010–11, it earned Rs. 1.08 billion (according to exchange rate of
Pakistan one Pakistani rupee was equal to 0.01172 USD in June 2010) in
exports, but in the next year (2011–12) this decreased to Rs. 365 million.
The main markets for Pakistani chicken products are Afghanistan, Iran,
Turkey, Bahrain, Vietnam and Hong Kong.
Dear Poultry
Thank you for Existing!