Tenses and it's types

2. Tensesare the form taken byaverb toshow the
timeof an action or the stateof an event.
 There are three tenses:
The PresentTense
The Past Tense
The FutureTense.

3.  Each of the three tenses has four forms or sub-
divisions toshowcontinuityorcompletenessof
theaction and time. Theseare :
1. Indefinite
2. Continuous orImperfect
3. Perfect
4. Perfect Continuous

4. Tense
Present
Indefinite Continuo
us
Perfect Perfect
Continuo
us
Play (s) Is / Am /Are
Playing
Has /
Have
Played
Has / Have
been Playing
Past Played Was / Were
Playing
Had
Played
Had been
Playing
Future Will / Shall
Play
Will / Shall
be Playing
Will /
Shall
Have
Played
Will / Shall
have been
Playing
Of English
Table
Tenses

5. o The Indefinite Tense does not indicate
whetherthe action is complete or not.
o The Continuous (Imperfect) Tense that the
action is still going on.
o The PerfectTense indicates that the
action is complete , finished or
perfect.
o The Perfect Continuous Tense indicates
thatthe action began in the pastand is
still continuing.

6. Subject + Verb 1 + Object
Expresses a general truthoran action that is
occurring now
Eg : The sun rises from theeast.(rise plural
verb –rises singular verb)
Expresses an action thatoccurs regularlyor
habitually
Eg : Shegoes to the school regularly.

7. Affirmative Sentences :
 They (plural) play (plural verb).
 She plays. (singularverb)
Negative Sentences :
 Theydo not play.
 She does not play
Interrogative Sentences :
 Do they play?
 Does she play?
Negative Interrogative Sentences :
• Do they not play ?
• Does she not play?

8. Subject + Is/Am/Are + V1 + ing +
Object.
The present continuous tense is
used toexpress an action which is
happening at a particular time in
the present or extending over a
period of present time.

9.  Affirmative Sentences :
 You areplaying.(you + all plural subjects)
 I am playing.
 She is playing. (all singular subjects)
 Negative Sentences :
 You are notplaying.
 I am not playing.
 She is not playing.
 Interrogative Sentences :
 Are you playing?
 Am I playing?
 Is she playing?
 Negative Interrogative Sentences :
 Are you not playing ?
 Am I not playing?
 Is she not playing?

10. Subject + has/have + Verb 3 + Object.
Has-> Singular ,
Have -> Plural, I and You
The present perfect tense denotes an
action thatwas started in the past
and has just been completed.

11. Affirmative Sentences :
 I haveplayed basketball.
 You have played basketball.
 She/He has played basketball.
Negative Sentences :
 I have notplayed basketball.
 You have not played basketball.
 She/He has not played basketball.
Interrogative Sentences :
 Have I playedbasketball?
 Have you played basketball ?
 Has she/he played basketball ?
Negative Interrogative Sentences :
 Have Inot played basketball ?
 Have you not played basketball?
 Has she/he not played basketball?

12.  Subject + has/have + been + V1 + ing +Object
 The present perfect tense is used when an
action that started in the past is still
continuing.

13.  Affirmative Sentences :
 Wehave beenplaying.
 She has been playing.
 I have been playing.
 Negative Sentences :
 Wehave not beenplaying.
 She has not been playing.
 I have not been playing.
 Interrogative Sentences :
 Havewe beenplaying?
 Has she been playing?
 Have I been playing?
 Negative Interrogative Sentences :
 Have we not been playing ?
 has she not been playing ?
 Have I not been playing ?