The indian constitution

1. THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION.

2. THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION PREAMBLE
FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES AND RIGHTS.
GROUP-6
 VARAD DESAI-05
 TANMAY DEVGHARKAR-06
 OM BHARANKAR-03
 BHAVIKA LAD-58
 APURVA GHASMARE-49
 VEDANT VILANKAR -43

3. CONTENTS.
 WHAT IS CONSTITUTION?
 TIMELINE OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION
 WHY DO WE NEED IT?
 IMPORTANT PARTS:
1. THE PREAMBLE TO CONSTITUTION OF INDIA.
2. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES & FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS.
3.DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY.
4.MAJOR AMENDMENTS IN CONSTITUTION.
 CONCLUSION.
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4. WHAT IS CONSTITUTION.
Aggregate of fundamental principles.
Adopted by the Constitution Assembly. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
on the 26th of November,1949.
Frames fundamental political principles, procedures,
practices, rights, powers, and duties of the government.
Supreme law of India.
Concern different levels of organizations.
Imparts constitutional supremacy and not parliamentary
supremacy.
Longest constitution.

5. Timeline of formation of the Constitution of India:
• 6 December 1946: Formation of the Constitution Assembly
• 9 December 1946: The first meeting was held in the
constitution hall .
• 11 December 1946: The Assembly appointed Rajendra
Prasad as its presiden H. C. Mukherjee as its vice-
chairman and B. N. Rau as constitutional legal adviser.
• 13 December 1946: An "Objective Resolution" was
presented by Jawaharlal Nehru,

6. Timeline of formation of the Constitution of
India:
• 22 January 1947: Objective resolution unanimously
adopted.
• 22 July 1947: National flag adopted.
• 15 August 1947: Achieved independence.
• 29 August 1947: Drafting Committee appointed
with B. R. Ambedkar as its Chairman.

7. Timeline of formation of the Constitution of
India:
• 16 July 1948: Elected as second vice-president of Constituent
Assembly.
• 26 November 1949: The Constitution of India was passed and
adopted by the assembly.
• 24 January 1950: Last meeting of Constituent Assembly.
• 26 January 1950: The Constitution came into force.
G. V. Mavlankar was the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha after India
turned into a republic.

8. WHY DO WE NEED CONSTITUTION
 The following are some of the reasons why it is good to have a constitution:
1. Preventing despotism.
2. Balanced government.
3. Constitution as a social instrument.
4. Stable government and
protecting sovereignty.
5. Upholding human rights
and democratic values.

9. THE PREAMBLE TO CONSTITUTION OF INDIA.

10. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES OF THE CONSTITUTION
1. To cherish and follow the noble ideas that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
2. To protect the integrity, sovereignty, and unity of India.
3. To defend the country and perform national services if and when the country
requires.
4. To promote the spirit of harmony and brotherhood amongst all the people of India
and renounce any practices that are derogatory to women.

11. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES OF THE
CONSTITUTION
5. To cherish and preserve the rich national heritage of our composite culture.
6. To protect and improve the natural environment including lakes, wildlife, rivers,
forests, etc.
7. To develop scientific temper, humanism, and spirit of inquiry.
8. To safeguard all public property.

12. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES OF THE
CONSTITUTION
9. To strive towards excellence in all genres of individual and
collective activities.
10. To provide opportunities for education to children between
between 6-14 years of age, and duty as parents to ensure that
ensure that such opportunities are being awarded to their child.
their child.
11. To oblige with the Indian Constitution and respect the
the National Anthem and Flag.

13. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS .
1. Right to Equality (Articles 14 – 18)
2. Right to Freedom (Articles 19 – 22)
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14. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
3. Right against Exploitation (Articles 23 – 24)
4. Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25 – 28)
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15. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
5. Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29 – 30)
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies (32 – 35)
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16. DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY.
 Socialistic Principles:
Definition: They are the principles that aim at providing social and economic justice and set the path towards the welfare state. Under
various articles, they direct the state to:
1. Article 38:Promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order through justice—social, economic and political—and to
minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunities.
2. Article 39A:Promote equal justice and free legal aid to the poor.
 Article 41:n cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement, secure citizens:
• Right to work.
• Right to education.
• Right to public assistance.

17. DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY.
 Gandhian Principles:
Definition: These principles are based on Gandhian ideology used to represent the programme of reconstruction
enunciated by Gandhi during the national movement. Under various articles, they direct the state to:
1. Article 40:Organise village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to
function as units of self-government.
2. Article 43:Promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operation basis in rural areas.
3. Article 47:Prohibit the consumption of intoxicating drinks and drugs which are injurious to health.

18. DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY.
 Liberal-Intellectual Principles:
Definition: These principles reflect the ideology of liberalism. Under various articles, they direct the
state to:
1. Article 44: Secure for all citizens a uniform civil code throughout the country.
2. Article 48: Organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines.
3. Article 50: Separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.

19. MAJOR AMENDMENTS IN
CONSTITUTION
1. 92nd Amendment Act, 2003:Total official languages were increased from 18 to
22.
2. 100th Amendment Act, 2015:To pursue land boundary agreement 1974 between
India and Bangladesh, exchange of some enclave territories with Bangladesh
mentioned.

20. MAJOR AMENDMENTS IN CONSTITUTION
3. 101st Amendment Act, 2016: Goods and Service Tax (GST) was introduced.
4. 102nd Amendment Act, 2018: Constitutional Status was granted to National Commission for
Backward Classes (NCBC).
5. 103rd Amendment Act, 2019: A maximum of 10% Reservation for Economically Weaker
Sections of citizens of classes other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) of Article
15.

21. CONCLUSION.
Constitution is not mere lawyers document ,it is a vehicle of life and its spirit is
always the spirit of age.
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