1. Biotechnology
Definition
Being a field of applied biology, it includes the use of living
things in engineering, medical sciences, technology etc. It also
includes genetic engineering & tissue culture technologies.
Application
Biotechnology can be used to manufacture existing medicines
relatively easily and cheaply, also it has made the production of
human growth hormone easier, it is being used to engineer &
adopt organisms especially micro-organisms in an effort to find
sustainable way to clean up contaminated environments.
Biotechnology is often associated with the way of genetically
altered microorganisms such as E-coli or yeast for the production of substances like
synthetic insulin or antibiotics. It can also refer to transgenic animals and plants, such as
Bt-cotton & corn. It is being applied to environment modification such as surface oil
protection, stabilisation of slope, watercourse and shoreline protection, vegetation
barriers and the ecological enhancement of a particular region. Since the elimination of a
wide range of pollutants and water wastes from the environment is an absolute
requirement to promote a sustainable development of our society with lowest possible
environment impact.
Biological processes play a vital role in the removal of contaminated and biotechnology
is taking advantage of the astonishing catabolic versatility of microorganisms to degrade
such type of components.
Important from examination point of view:
i) Shot Note | Short Essay - Biotechnology
ii) What is biotechnology, discuss its various applications with special reference to
environmental protection.
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