Public Library ,Thesis dissertation.

KHULNA DIVISIONAL PUBLIC LIBRARY
BOYRA, KHULNA.
THESIS DISSERTATION
Arch-522
UTPOL SAHA
ID: 2014120190…
Department of Architecture
Bangladesh University
March 2019

Approved By Studio Guide
…………………………… ..……………………………
Ar. Homaira Zaman Ar. Nurur Rahman Khan
Head of the Department Ar. Sabbir Wadud Shohan
Department of Architecture Ar. Tamanna Tabassum
Bangladesh University Ar. Fafiqual Islam Tushar

Declaration
I hereby declare that the work presented in this thesis is solely my work and that to the
best of my knowledge this work is original, except where indicated by references to
other authors. No part of this work has been submitted for any other degree or diploma.
Utpol Saha
Bangladesh University
Department of Architecture
ID: 2014120190…
Date: 23 0ct’ 2019

Acknowledgements
First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to “GOD”,for always
having made me feel so blessed, and for always being my great est strength.
To my parents, Gobinda Saha & Khala Rani Saha, for being the greatest source of support
and being absolutely the best parents anyone could ever ask for. My survey partner Herion
Mamun my X Thesis classmate & basic information provider Eng. Md . Maksudur Rahman
(maintenance eng. Dept. of public library) & D. Md Ahsan Ullah (assistant director ,
Khulna Divisitional Public Library) without Their concern I would don’t have been able to
draw the very first line for the documentation. All my professors and teachers at home and
abroad, from architecture school and beyond, who have groomed me all through the years.
Ar NR Khan Sir, Ar. Iqbal Habib for allowing me to do this project in the first place. My
studio teachers who have helped me when I struggled Ar. Sabbir Wadud Shohan sir ,
Tammana Tabasum Brothy mam, Tushar Sir.
I would like to thank the teacher without whose inspiration and guidance this project would
not have been possible, Architect Shamsul Wares Sir, Ar Syed Sirajul Haque Sir , Ar
Rajaul Korim Robin Sir.
Specially,I would like to thanks My elder Brother Goutom Saha, without her inspiration,
guidance and finance this project would not have been possible, Thank you for being that
constant source of inspiration, and most importantly making me believe in first place that
this project was possible without her help I couldn’t complete my Bachelor Degree.
My‘kamlas’(Bithy Monira, shawn ahamed, Shuvo,Thanha Riya, Rima, Mukta, Suny, Mimi,
Sayem Ahmed Mesbah , Urmi, Forhad Hossain, Mussraf & Aloka Roy)
And lastly, to everyone who shared a kind or unkind word or idea with me during my thesis;
it made me stronger either way.

Contents
Chapter I: Introduction ……………………………….....….001-012
1.1 About Khulna Division
a). History of Khulna Division.
1.2 Background of the Khulna City
a. Geography
b. Administrative Unite
c. Climate
d. River System
e. Economic Status
f Educational Institute
g Cultural Organization
h. Transport.
i. Communication System
j. Health
k . Tourist Attraction
l. Population Data
Chapter II: Site Analysis…………………………….…… 013-023
Background of the Project
2.1 Site Location
2.2 Existing Scenario
2.3 Site Surroundings
2.4 Site Zoning
2.5 Existing site Condition
2.6 Existing site Detail Dimension Plan.
2.7. Existing site Section.
2.8 Ownership Pattern
2.9. Height Based Plan
2.10. Vegetation
2.11. Sunpath & Wind Flow
2.12 SWOT Analysis.
Chapter III: Literature Review …………………...…….……024-070
3.1 Introduction
3.2 History of Library Revelations
3.3 Library Type
3.4 Characteristic features of Public Library
3.5 Fundamental Category of Public Library
3.6 Designcriteria for libraries – a generic list
3.7 Personal and working space in the library:
3.8 Type Of Theft

3.9 Special storage needs
3.10 Environmental considerations:
3.11 Options for ventilation
3.12 The main types of library furniture provided include:
3.13 Shelving and space Book needs
3.14 Library Design Standard
3.15 Ergonomics :
Chapter IV: Standard ProgramAnalysis. …………...….… 071-075
4.1 Library Admin Section
4.2 Library Academic Section
4.3 Library Common Facility
Chapter V: Case Study ………………………………...….… 071-075
5.0 National :
Sufia Kamal National Public Library (Dhaka central public library)
5.1 Project Brief
5.2 History
5.3 Collection of Book
5.4 Reader Facility
5.5 Site Surrounding’s
5.6 Site Zoning
5.7 Floor Plan Review & Zoning & Circulation
a. Ground Floor.
b. 1st Floor.
b. 2ND Floor.
5.8 Structural Analysis
5.9 Photograph ( Library Function)
5.10 Photograph ( Surroundings )
International :
Viipuri Library
5.1.1 Project Brief
5.1.2 Project Background .
5.13 DesignConcept
5.1.4 site Surroundings.
5.1.5 Site Surrounding’s
5.1 .6 Below Ground Floor Plan .
5.1.7 Ground Floor Plan .
5.1.8 1st Floor.
5.1.9 Zoning

5.1.0 Sky Lights Detail.
5.1.1 Space Diagram
5.1.2 Circulation Pattern
5.1.3 Elevation
5.1.4 Isometric View
Chapter VI: Survey, DocumentationAnd Study………….… 076-093
6.1 Local Survey Detail Measurement .
5.1.1 Detail of Science Reading Area .
5.1.2 Detail of Science Reading Area .
1.1.3 Detail of Reference Reading Area.
5.1.4 Detail of Children & Senior Citizen Reading Area.
5.1.5 Book Stack ( 30% - 35% Book Of Total Library )
5.1.6 Detail Of Conference Room & Cyber Café.
5.1.7 Detail Measurement of Digital Library & Mosque Area.
6.2 Survey People’s & Equipment Data.
6.3 Documentation Study.
6.3.1 Ideal Temperature For The Designof Public Library
6.3.2 Library Space Development Procedure.
6.3.3 Lay Out of Public Library
6.3.4 Relation Between Reading Room & Book Stack
Chapter VII: DesignDevelopmentAnd Conceptualization .094-124
7.1 About Proposed Library.
7.1.1 Proposed Detail Program.
7.1.2 Working Cycle
7.1.3 Conceptual Sketches
7.1.4 Concept Development
7.1.5 Ventilation Process ( Sun & Wind )
7.1.6 Cluster Development
71.7 MasterPlan Development
7.1.8 Bubble Diagram.
7.1.9 Masterplan Zoning .
7.1.10 Floor Plan
a . Ground Floor Plan
b . 1st Floor Plan
c . 2nd Floor Plan
d . 3rd Floor Plan
e. Roof Plan
7.1.11 Elevation
7.1.12 Section
7.1.13 Model
7.1.14 3D Perspective View.
7.1.15 The Essence of the Project
Final Thesis Jury Sheet.

Chapter I: Introduction ……………………………….....….001-012
1.1About Khulna Division
Khulna Division is one of the eight divisions of Bangladesh and is located in the south-west
of the country. According to the census 2011 of Khulna, the area is 22,285 sq km and the
population is 15.563.000. Headquarters of Khulna
Division is Khulna City. Khulna The third largest
city in Bangladesh after Dhaka and Chittagong.
Khulna is situated on the banks of the Rupas river
and Bhairab rivers in the south-western part of
Bangladesh. oldest River-port in Bangladesh,
Khulna is one of them. Khulna is called as an
industrial city because it is one of the industrial and
commercial areas of Bangladesh. 48 km distance
from Khulna City The second seaport of
Bangladesh is located at Mongla Seaport. The famous coastal
forest Sundarbans Located in the southern part of Khulna Division. Khulna Division,
Khulna, Bagerhat and Satkhira districts Sundarbans have expanded in the district. Distance
from the capital Dhaka to Khulna city is 333 km by road. Landscapes, airports, waterways
can be used along with other areas of the country including the capital.
a). History of Khulna Division
After the conquest of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa by the East-India Company, the company
gradually strengthened their Governance. Revenue collection and trade - While not limited
to trade, the British beneficiaries became active in establishing dominance and rule
throughout India, thus becoming the 'standard scepter' of the merchant. After several
changes and scrutiny in the system of governance and the judiciary, in 1829 Lord William
Bentinck, the Governor of Bengal, created a division in a few districts. A commissioner is
appointed to govern the affairs of each department. In 1829, no police station existed in
Khulna Division. Khulna and Bagerhat areas were under Jessore district during that time.
The first subdivision of the Presidency of Bengal was established in Khulna in the year
since 1842. In the past, population was much lower in Khulna and adjoining areas. After the
establishment of the subdivision, the court was opened. Then activates of the people’s
continue to increase . When expansion of trade and commerce through the Bhairab river, the
city expanded gradually. BaghHat subdivision was established since 1963. It is difficult for
the district collector and district magistrate to control the Jessore district. Finally, since
25April 1882, From Jessore District, Khulna and Bagerhat 24 Porguna and Satkhira
subdivisions emerged in Khulna district.
after a long struggle and Since 1947, two independent states are created. August 14 Pakistan
and August 15 India.
In 1960, Khulna division was formed by cutting Rajshahi Division. On October 1960, Mr.
M. Manzoor-i-Elahi joined the First Divisional Commissioner. Until the secretariat of the

divisional commissioner was established in Boyra, Khulna municipality work was conducted
at the departmental office in the house of the former chairman Kumudranjan Ghosh, , on the
south side of Khulna Circuit House. In 1984, there were 16 districts of Khulna division. By
cutting 6 districts of Khulna division, respectively, Barisal, Pirojpur, Patuakhali, Bhola,
Jhalakathi and Barguna, made Barisal Division. With the formation of the district, currently
the number of districts in Khulna Division is 10.
1.2 Background of the Khulna City
Khulna is the third-largest city in Bangladesh. Khulna is the main city in Khulna
Division in Bangladesh. It is in the south-west of the country & third-largest city of
Bangladesh. It had an area of 4394.46 square kilometers. Khulna is an old river port
located on the Rupsha River. It is an important hub of Bangladeshi industry and hosts
many national companies. Khulna is considered the gateway to the Sundarbans, the
world's largest mangrove forest and home of the Bengal tiger. It is north of the Mosque
City of Bagerhat, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Historical events of 16 December
1971, but has established an independent Bangladesh in Dhaka Pakistani troops were in
control, the next 17 December, the Pakistani army surrendered at the Circuit House
a.Geography
Khulna is Bangladesh's third-largest city, after Dhaka and Chittagong. In the south-
western part of the country, on the Rupsha and Bhairab Rivers, it covers an area of 59.57
square kilometres (23.00 sq mi);[10] the district covers 4,394.46 square kilometres (1,696.71
sq mi). Khulna is south of Jessore and Narail, east of Satkhira, west of Bagerhat and north of
the Bay of Bengal. It is part of the Ganges Delta, the world's largest river delta. The
Sundarban, the world's largest mangrove forest, is in the southern part of the delta. Khulna is
in the northern part of the district, and the Mayur River is the western boundary of the
metropolitan area. 8 Metropolitan Police Station:
1. Daulatpur Police Station
2. Khalishpur Police Station
3. Khanjahan Ali Police Station
4. Sonadanga Police Station
5. Kotwali Police Station
6. Aranghata Police Station
7. Harinatana Police Station
8. Lavanchara Police Station.

b. Administrative Unite
Khulna Municipal Council was founded on 12 December 1884, and became a
municipal corporation in 1984 and a city corporation in 1990. Khulna City Corporation is a
self-governing corporation run by an elected mayor, who governs the city's 31 wards.
Khulna Metropolitan Police (KMP) maintains law and order and regulates traffic flow in the
metropolitan area. It has 8 (eight) police stations: Khulna Kotwali Thana, Sonadanga Thana,
Khalishpur Thana, Daulatpur Thana, Khan Jahan Ali Thana, Aarongghata Thana, Horintana
Thana and Labonchora Thana. The Metropolitan Magistrate Court (CMM) adjudicates the
city's legal issues. The Khulna Development Authority (KDA) plans and coordinates the
city's development. Khulna Water Supply & Sewerage Authority (KWASA) parallels the
KCC.
Khulna has two parliamentary constituencies: Khulna-02 (Khulna Sadar Thana and
Sonadanga Thana) and Khulna-03 (Khalishpur Thana, Daulatpur Thana and part of Khan
Jahan Ali Thana). Khulna District and Khulna Division are headquartered in the city.
c. Climate
The city is humid during summer and pleasant in winter. Khulna has an annual average
temperature of 26.3 °C (79.3 °F), with monthly average temperatures from 12.4 °C
(54.3 °F) in January to 34.3 °C (93.7 °F) in May. Its annual average rainfall is 1,809.4
millimetres (71.24 in), and about 87 percent falls between May and October.
d. River.
Khulna has a significant number of rivers. The main rivers here are Rupsa and
Bhairab. Besides, there are severalother rivers namely Shivasa, Pashur, Kaptakha,
Arapangashia, Kunga, Marjat, Atharbaki, Bhadra, Burivhadra, Shelmari, Kazibachhadakatia,
Kankari.

e. Economic Status
Divisional cities, improved communications and the raw materials of the large sugar
industry was famous for Khulna. However, later in 1950, the industry began to spread. After
1950 -1970 Different type of industry continued to expand in the cities. Such as Factories,
steel mills, electric factories, rice and flour factory, ice factory, presses, timber factories, etc.
Since 1963, the first cold storage or a fish processing plant was established. The main
industrial area of Khulna is Khalishpur, Boyra and Rupsa but Daulatpur, Fultala, Alaipur,
Kapilmuni and Dumuria are important trading centers in Khulna district. Major industries
include the paper mill, board mill, textile mill, diyasalai big factories have been developed,
which has the status of an industrial city. The massive industrial expansion took place in
2000-2019 North of the Port of Mongla, it has a variety of light and heavy industry. Major
sectors are jute, chemicals, fish and seafood packaging, food processing, sugar milling,
power generation and shipbuilding. The KCCI[clarification needed] regulates commerce
through its Licensed Measurers’ Department (LMD) and certification, attestation and
publicity departments of this area. The region has an Export Processing Zone, which has
attracted foreign investment. The city is home to branch offices of a number of national
companies, including M. M. Ispahani Limited, BEXIMCO, James Finlay Bangladesh,
Summit Power and the Abul Khair Group. The largest companies based in the city include
Khulna Shipyard, Bangladesh Cable Shilpa Limited, Bangladesh Oxygen, Platinum Jubilee
Mills, Star Jute Mills and the Khulna Oxygen Company etc.
Shrimp enclosure 3409 nos
The Dairy Farm 498 nos
Poultry 447nos
Hatchery 348nos
F. Educational Institute
Khulna has a number of educational institutions.
University :
1.Brajalal College, founded in 1902, is the city's oldest higher-education institution.
2.Khulna University
3. The Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET),Khulna Agricultural
University(KAU) and Khulna Medical College (KMC) are also in the city etc.
Polytechnic:
Khulna Mohila Polytechnic Institute
Khulna Polytechnic Institute
City Polytechnic Institute Khulna (private)
Islami Bank Polytechnic Institute (private) etc.
College: (gov.05 privet 42)
Azam Khan Government Commerce College
Cantonment Public College
Military Collegiate School Khulna (MCSK)
Mohshin College Etc.
High School (gov.09 privet 248) Primary School (Gov. 625 NGO 199 Privet 79) Madrasah
205 etc.

g. Cultural Organization
There are some Registered club 345 nos, Public library 5, Cinema hall 21 , Theater 5 nos,
Museum 1 Nos, Drama party 100nos and Cultural agency 20 in this Khulna district.
h. Transport
Road:
Rickshaws are the most popular means of public transport in Khulna for short
trips, and auto rickshaws are also common. Nagar Paribahan buses have frequent
service between Rupsha and Phultala, with stops throughout Khulna. Motorcycles
are popular among the middle class, and wealthier people prefer a private car.The
highway connects Khulna with the rest of Bangladesh, and the Khulna City Bypass
is a major road. The connects Satkhira and western Khulna Districts. There are
several nationwide bus services available in Khulna (most privately owned), and the
Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation operates inter-district bus service from the
city. Sonadanga Bus Terminal is Khulna's main bus terminal.
Rail:
Khulna railway station is the city's main station in the city. Bangladesh Railway
operates six intercity trains. Two commuter express trains serve Benapole, in
addition to mail trains to Parbatipur, Chapainawabganj and Goalanda. The
international Bandhan Express runs to Kolkata. There are four other railway stations
in Khulna, and two more (in addition to the Rupsha Rail Bridge) are under
construction as part of the Khulna–Mongla Port Railway project
Air
Khan Jahan Ali Airport is under construction. Jessore Airport, 71 kilometres (44
mi) north of the city centre, is the region's only airport. Biman Bangladesh Airlines,
United Airways, US-Bangla Airlines and Novoair have regular flights between
Jessore and Dhaka, with air-conditioned bus service from the airport to Khulna.
Water
Several passenger launches and cargo services operate from the Bangladesh Inland
Water Transport Authority Launch Terminal in Khulna, with express service to
Dhaka.
i. Communication system :
Railway…………………….36 km
Metalled road……………. 400 km
Semi-paving of …………...430 km
Earth road ……………….3575 km
Water ways …………………47 na m

j. Health Centers
1.Medical College and Hospital 01
2.The district headquarters hospital 01
3. Upazila Health Complex 09
4. Infectious Diseases Hospital 01
5. yaksna hospital 01
6. Christian missionary hospital 01
7. semi-military hospital 01
8. baksabyadhi hospital 01
9. Kapilamunir Railway Hospital 01
10. district hospitals 01
11. police hospital 01
g. Tourist Attraction
The Sundarbans, in Khulna District, is home to the Bengal tiger and the world's largest
mangrove forest. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The Mosque City of Bagerhat is a
formerly-lost city in the suburbs of Bagerhat,about 15 miles (24 km) south-est of Khulna. It
is also a World Heritage Site.Rabindra Complex is in the village of Dakkhindihi, 19
kilometres (12 mi) from Khulna. The home of Rabindranath Tagore's father-in-law, Beni
Madhab Roy Chowdhury, Tagore visited it several times. The museum has been renovated
and is administered by Bangladesh's Department of Archaeology.
The Khulna Divisional Museum, founded in 1998, is the city's only museum. It was
established by Bangladesh's Department of Archaeology & More Torist Spot Sundarbans
Doobala Char, Deer Point of Sundarbans, Karamjal of Sundarbans, Khan Jahan Ali Bridge
at Rupsar, Chuknagar Dam etc.
e.Population Data

1.3 ProjectBrief
Project Name :Khulna Divisional Public Library.
Location : Boyra College Bus Stand Mor, Khulna
Land Area : 3.60 Acres.
Client : Minstry of Cultural Affairs Bangladesh.
Funded by : Government of Bangladesh
Ownership Pattern : Government Property

Chapter II: Site Analysis…………………………….…… 013-023
Background of the Project
Public libraries are very important social organizations in building knowledge based
society. Khulna Divisional Public Library , a Government public library is one of the oldest
and largest public libraries in the Khulna District. Founded in 1965, it has survived for 54
years. Earlier, the library had received Gov. proposal Demolition of old library building and
construction of new library building with modern facilities. (Project for the construction of a
9-storey library building is in progress) This library inside in Khulna - jessore high way road
. every day over 2-3 hundreds readers gather at this old library to read dailies, books and to
collect available job information. Some school going students are also seen chatting with
their friends. Some people come here only to pass some time. However, in the summer
people come here just to relax because it feels so cold and comfortable inside the library."

2.2 Existing Site Scenario
Residences GPO Polytechnic Khaddo Niontron Odidoptor
Palpara Road Khulna Gov.Mohila Collage Khulna D.PublicLibrary Jessore-Khulnah.w.Road

2.3 Site Surrounding
Khulna PublicCollage Khulna Model School &
collage
Khulna Gov.Mohila Collage
ShekhA.N. Stadium Boyra Bus Stand Mongla CustomHouse
ProposedSite Khulna polytechnicInstitute. Ad-DinMedical Collaege & H.

2.6 Existing Site Detail Dimension Plan.

2.12 SOAT Aalysis.
Strength
1) 400 Feet long open space to entrance the site from the main HW road.
2) Good Communication system.
3) The Library Establish in center of the Khulna city. So people can easily come from
Khulna district & division.
4) in the summer season people come here just to relax because it feels so cold and
comfortable inside the library."
Weakness
1) Highly Budget use every year in Existing Old
Building Service cost.
2) Lack of staff in the library
3) Common Facility is so much poor.
Opportunity
. 1) Khulna Divisional Public Library will be a
Building of science-enlightened society for the citizens of
Khulna and It will be a large social connecting space To
Develop Their Knowledge.
2) the purpose of this library is not only be a
knowledge hub, but also a place for social-interaction Hub because this is a divisional library
and it will connect people from different districts and cities.
3) It will be an iconic civic Zone.
4) It will be a social connection Hub for the people of the society.
5) It will be a recreation space in the cities.
Threats
1) Highway road is the main threats of the Proposed Side.
2) Old Existing Building’s most of the wall & slab are Different type of crack. Its
Dungarees for library user life.

Chapter III: Literature Review …………………...…….……024-070
3.1 Introduction
literature review’ is the part of the thesis where there is extensive reference to related
research and theory in practical field. it is where connections are made between the source
that this subject position and research among these sources. literature help Engaging with
other researchers, It is opportunity to engage in a written dialogue with research in design
area while at the same time showing that the engaged, and responded to the relevant body of
knowledge underpinning the research. The literature support identify the theories and
previous research which have influenced of the choice of research topic and the
methodology get choosing to adopt dissection.
3.2 History of Library Revelations:

3.3 Library Type.
# Loan Rather Then Reference.
# Supporting Community or Social Activities.
Public library Activates # Mainly Book Based.
# Special Library For Children, Elderly, Local Study.
# Provide Basic Service Without Charge.
:
# Reader’s Advisory.
# Inter - library.
# Mobile - Library.
Commonly Offered Associative # Community Meeting Place.
Service In Public Library # Story Telling Session For Children.
# Long Use Learning Program.
# Free Lecture.

3.4 Characteristic features of Public Library:
National library # Legal deposit (all published books deposited)
# Comprehensive book and journal collection
# Attached special collections
# Reference rather than loan.
# Wide range of supporting activities
(conservation Centre, bookshops, exhibition area,
cafe)
Public library # Loan rather than reference
# Supporting community or social activities
# Mainly book-based (as against journal or electronic)
# Special libraries for children, elderly, local study
Academic library # Emphasis upon supporting learning
# Extensive research material
# Large journal collections
# Extensive electronic/computer systems
# Networks to departmental libraries
Virtual # library Electronic/IT-based
# Can be associated with cybercafés or traditional library
# Exists independently of buildings
# Requires home or office based computer network
Special library # Collection based on famous individual, topic, or place
# Not normally for loan
# Mainly research-based
# Provides archive and conservation function
# Visit often by appointment
Professional library # Special collection to serve professional body
# Material not normally for loan
# Often associated with exhibition area
# Extensive archive and journal collections
# Contains a wide variety of material
(photographic, letters, plans)

3.5 Fundamental Category of Public Library:
# Generally Supported by taxes.
# Governed by a Board to serve the Public Interest.
# Open To All Community Members.
# Entirely Voluntary.
# Provide Basic Service Without Charge.
3.6 Designcriteria for libraries – a generic list
The architect’s of severalnew libraries in the UK,Harry Faulkner-Brown, listed 10 design
criteria for successfullibraries (Faulkner-Brown, 1987).
These were that libraries should be:
1) flexible
2) compact
3) accessible
4) extendible
5) varied
6) organized
7) comfortable
8) constant internal environment
9) secure
10) economic. To this list one may add.
11) sustainable
12) uplifting to the spirit.
3.7 Personal and working space in the library:
Whereas the nature of the space needs to reflect the organization and character of the
collection, space in the library is also a personal matter. Library space for the reader consists
of:
1) table space
2) book-stack access space
3) circulation space plus also:
4) ambience and reflective space.

3.8 Type of theft
Four types of theft commonly occur at libraries and different strategies are needed to
overcome each. Generally speaking there is:
1) theft of books and journals
2) theft from books and journals
3) theft of equipment
4) theft from the person.
Although theft is a major problem at some libraries, the greatest threat is fire and attendant
water damage. Some 80% of fires in libraries in the USA are caused by arson and these
account for more loss of material overall than theft. For example, the fire started deliberately
at Los Angeles Central Library in 1986 resulted in the destruction of half a million volumes
and water damage to the same number again (SCONUL,1996, p. 38). Since libraries are
public buildings and consequently attract disgruntled individuals, the threat of arson needs to
be considered at the design stage.
3.9 Special storage needs
The vast majority of storage for printed material can be met by standard shelving. Under
10% of an average library collection has exceptional dimensions and normally as little as 2–
3% of books, etc. demand special storage attention. Typically, tailored shelving is required
for:
1) atlases and maps
2) dictionaries and encyclopedias
3) journals and periodicals
4) newspapers
5) art folios
6) manuscripts.
Maps, aerial photographs and plans are normally stored in large acid-free folders or boxes.
These are placed on racks or in drawer cases specially designed for the purpose. Such
drawers are normally fairly flat (25–50 mm deep), but each can house up to 100 maps or
plans if neatly stored. With storage of such material, it is important to consider ease of
access. Drawers can be heavy to remove from a rack and maps difficult to consult without
pulling out the whole shelf. Large racks full of maps or plans can also bea considerable
weight for the building structure to bear.

3.10 Environmental considerations:
1) Restrict plan depth to 15 m for maximum daylight penetration
2) Create internal atria in large depth libraries
3) Provide solar shading and internal blinds on large south facing
glazing areas
4) Use externallight shelves to increase daylight penetration
5) Place reader tables in well-lit areas
6) Avoid air-conditioning except in ‘hot spots’
7) Employ mixed-mode ventilation systems
8) Maximize natural ventilation in public areas
Lighting is important for comfort, safety, legibility and energy efficiency. Working areas
need to have good conditions for reading or screen use. Circulation areas need to be well-lit
with pools of light employed to guide users around the library. Lighting also needs to be
carefully considered in the energy strategy because, in large libraries, energy consumption as
a result of artificial lighting often exceeds that of heating. The most immediate benefit is
gained by exploiting natural light to its limits as opposed to employing artificial light.
However, there are both dimensional and technical constraints in doing this. As a general
rule, working areas should not be further than 7 m from a window – this results in a
maximum plan depth of 14 m or 15 m with a central corridor or open passageway. Where
libraries require deeper plans, the daylight should high)
3.11 Options for ventilation
There are three main options in terms of library ventilation:
1) natural ventilation
2) mechanical ventilation
3) full air-conditioning.

3.12 The main types of library furniture provided include:
1) shelving (open and closed)
2) mobile compact storage
3) counter systems
4) display shelving or boards
5) general library furniture
6) special furniture for children
7) furniture for IT equipment
8) map and plan chests
9) photographic storage
10) book trolleys
11) specialist concentration furniture or storage
12) security storage.
It is important that in their room layouts architects follow the dimensions commonly
adopted by shelving manufacturers. These vary but are all based upon repeating
modules in height, width and depth. Typical is the library shelving system
manufactured by British Thornton ESF Ltd where the shelves are available in 700
mm, 800 mm and 900 mm lengths, there is a consistent depth of 260 mm and
heights vary from 1200 mm to 2000 mm; using the same combination of elements,
bookshelves can be single or double-sided and starter or extension bays.
Dimensional co-ordination keeps costs down, makes erection and installation
relatively simple, and provides a visually unified library environment. The basic
shelving assembly is commonly available with integral lighting, a base and
stabilizing top unit, and is offered in a variety of colors or laminated finishes (ash,
oak, beech, etc.). Other shelving assemblies are available for items such as CDs or
cassettes and for special needs such as a children’ library or display. These
frequently integrate dimensionally and visually with the basic library shelving
assemblies. It is better to avoid competing systems in the same library except where
they can be accommodated in separate areas and where their use is justified because
of a specified need (plan or newspaper storage). Normally library shelving is fixed
and can only be moved by dismantling the assembly. Commonly, however, some
lengths of library shelving are mobile in order to provide flexibility of layout,
particularly around information points or near the library entrance. Here units of
shelves are placed on concealed castors, which have a locking device for safety
purposes. Study carrels are also available in standard lengths, widths and finishes.
As with shelving, they are manufactured to allow for single or double-sided
assembly, and many come with optional extra such as shelves, cable access and a
position for a computer or study lamp. Most are 800–900 mm wide, 1300 mm high
and 750–800 mm deep, creating a double sided carrel unit 1600 mm across. Where
computers are integrated, the width extends to 1000 mm and the depth should be at
least 800 mm to provide space for the keyboard.

3.13 Shelving and space Book needs
Library collections have a habit of growing faster than anticipated. Growth is by no
means regular or even; it is often erratic and sometimes exponential. Library space consists
principally of three components:
1) stack space for books
2) reader space
3) staff space.
All three need to be planned effectively with checks and balances to avoid staff
accommodation growing at the expense of book shelving areas or reader seats. Normally, the
size of the collection grows faster than the needs of staff space or reader space. Expansion in
the library stock is generally the critical factor in accommodating growth. As mentioned
earlier, growth in stock is often met by. out housing rarely used material in a book
warehouse at some distance from the library (e.g. the National Library of
Scotland). Commonly, however, the shelves themselves are extended to meet the storage of
the additional books either by cramming (e.g. the National Library, Cape Town, South
Africa) or by the construction of new accommodation. To plan effectively, it is important to
understand the space needs of books, journals and IT. Most libraries have a policy of open-
shelf storage for the bulk of the collection. Shelf length and density of occupation by
bookshelves and of books themselves on shelves is critical. Normally, a library plans to have
80–90% of its total stock on open shelves. The collection not on shelves is either on loan, in
use elsewhere in the building, or held in the reference rooms. For calculation purposes, it is
normally assumed that six volumes occupy a linear foot of shelves or 20 volumes per meter.
If the bookshelves are arranged vertically spaced at between 200–300 m (8–12 inches), this
means that about 80 books can be stored in every 1 m2 of open shelving. If the shelving bays
are 2 m high, this allows for around 150–160 books per linear meter of shelving. Hence,
with a collection of 300,000 volumes, a typical library would require 2000 m of shelving.
But the collection is often not that simple. A typical volume varies according to whether it is
a book, atlas, bound journal, thesis or videotape. Books also vary in size according to
discipline (art books are typically larger than social science books), to the time when printed
(nineteenth century books tend to be larger than twentieth century ones) and the country of
origin. It is thus important to decide upon typical volume sizes for the nature of the
collection and also the likely rate of borrowing. Poor planning is evidenced by too many
books competing for shelf space, and by additional shelves being constructed in circulation
areas, across windows or directly beneath light fittings. The use of a space data record
recommended by Wells and Young (Wells and Young, 1997) provides a formula for
calculating the space required for specific types of libraries. As a rule of thumb one can
assume that with small, mainly paperback books that 200 volumes can be accommodated per
square meter of shelving (6–8 shelves high), typical hardbacks around 150, and large
reference material about 100. Allowing for room between the shelves for disabled access,
this results typically in around 120–150 volumes per m2 of library space (excluding staff
areas and general circulation space). Thus a library with a collection of 300,000 volumes
would require at least 2000 m2 of floor area for the open-shelf book collection. Formulas for
capacity are, however, dangerous and although general guides are useful at the initial
planning or costing stage,none is entirely satisfactory (Metcalf, 1986, p. 154).

3.14 Library Design Standard
Three diagrams have been prepared as an aid to visualizing the functional relationships of
the principal areas in typical small libraries . These diagrams are for libraries for towns of
5,000, 10,000 and 25,000 persons respectively . They are meant to clarify relationships and
circulation patterns . They definitely are not building plans, nor do they constitute the only
possible relationships between the program elements .
A . The Library for the Town of5,000 Population
The basic principles when planning for the library:
1) Location to insure maximum accessibility
2) Simplicity of design concept
3) Ease of supervision by library staff
4) Provision for future expansion
The basic statistics ofthe library are :
Staff : One and one-half persons, including a professional librarian and a part-time assistant.
These are approximates only and will, of course,vary with each community.
B . TheLi b
rar
yf o
rt he
Tow
nof
10,
00
0:
Population This library (Fig . and enable it to provide better services . Some of these may be:
a special area in the children's section for storytelling and related activities, expanded
reference,and separate periodical areas. A small meeting room may be a useful addition to
the program .
The basic requirements for this library are:
Staff : Three persons : a professional librarian, an assistant, and part-time clerical and page
help equivalent to one full-time person.
CI. The Library for the Town of 25,000 Population:
This library in function is more complex than the previous libraries . To the three basic
functional areas of the library, which are expanded and elaborated on, there usually is added
a fourth, a community function, often in the form of a meeting room or small auditorium .
1. There may also be Special exhibition space,
2. Study area with carrels near the stacks
3. Small meeting rooms
4. Audiovisual rooms or booths The circulation
pattern is more complex .
The basic requirements for the library:
Staff : Ten-this might be broken down to include two professional librarians, a college
graduate, three assistants, and four other persons, divided between clerical.Space for book
collection: 5,000 sq ft, Reader space (minimum of 75 seats l : 2,250 sq ft ,Staff work space :
1,500 sq ft Estimated additional space required for special uses, utilities, and miscellaneous :
6,250 sq ftTotal estimated floor space : 15,000 sq ft.

Book Collection: 15,000 volumes:
1. Space for book collection : 1,000 sq ft Space for readers : 700 sq ft Staff work space : 500
sq ft , Estimated additional span for utilities, circulation, and miscellaneous : 800 Total
estimated floor space:3,500 sq ft
Size of book collection : 20,000 volumes:
1.Space for readers (40 seats min .): 1,200 sq ft Staff work space: 1,000 sq ft Estimated
additional space for utilities,circulation, and miscellaneous : 2,800 sq ft Total estimated floor
space 7,000 sq ftSpace for book collection: 5,000 sq ft Reader space (minimum of 75 seatsl :
2,250 sq ft Staff work space : 1,500 sq ft Estimated additional space requiredfor special uses,
utilities, and miscellaneous : 6,250 sq ft
library should provide access to enough books
Vto cover the interests of the whole population :
1. Libraries serving populations from 5,000 to 50,000 require a min. of 2 books per capita .
2. Communities up to 5,000 persons need access to a minimum of 10,000 volumes, or 3
books per capita, whichever is greater.
3. The library building should provide space for the full range of library services .
4. All libraries should have designated areas for children's,young adult, and adult materials.
Multipurpose rooms should be provided for meeting, viewing, and listening by cultural,
educational, and civic groups unless such facilities are readily available elsewhere in the
community. They should be located for easy supervision so that they may be used for quiet
reading and study when not needed by groups .
5. No single type of building is satisfactory for all public libraries. Each building is likely to
be different, and its differences should be directly related to its service program. The library
building should be located in or.
Space Requirements:
space for
1. books,
2. readers,.
3 staff,
4. group meetings, and
5. mechanical operations and all other
(stairways,elevators, tbilets, etc)
Space for Books
To a large extent the amount of book shelving required will depend on the size
of the library service area and whether the library is a memberof a library system. Most
library planners, when estimating the size of the book collection, apply a standard which
ranges from three books per capita (smallest communities) to one and one-half books per
capita (largest cities) . In any event enough book shelving should be provided to plan for 20
years' anticipated growth .
Despite the fact that there is considerable variation in the size of books, there are
several reliable formulas which may be used to estimate the amount of space required for
books . These are : reading rooms, 50 books per foot of standard height wall shelving, or 100
books per footof double-faced shelving ; bookstack areas, 15 books per square foot (includes

aisles), or 2 books per cubic foot . Approximately 50 longplay phonograph records may be
shelved in one lineal foot of wall shelving .
Space for Readers
Reader seating requirements should be determined for at least 20 years ahead . Minimum
allowances are made of 30 sq ft per adultreader and 20 sq ft per child . These allocations for
reader seating are in terms of net space for readers, chairs, tables, aisles, and service desk .
Seating requirements should be listed according to the severalareas of the building .
Space for Staff
Space requirements for the staff must also be stated in the program . These estimates
will be conditioned by:
1. anticipated growth for a 20-year period and
2. the nature and extent of the library's service program .
Space for staff be calculated on the basis of "one staff member (full-time or equivalent) . . .
for each 2,500 people in the service area ."' It is a minimum standard that includes pages but
not maintenance personnel . Staff space requirements should be calculated on the basis of
100 sq ft per staff member. It is important that this standard be met for there is ample
evidence that space for staff has been outgrown more rapidly than any other type of space in
most library buildings .service program will require the support of an enlarged staff .The
unit of measurement of 100 sft per staff member includes space for desk, chair, books, and
equipment .A checklist of staff work areas should include(1) administrative offices, (2) work
rooms, and (3) staff lunch and lounge rooms .
Space for Mechanical Operation
Included within this category are halls, stairways, toilets, elevators and lifts, air ducts,
heating and air conditioning equipment, closets, and shops . Because it is exceedingly easy
to underestimate the amount of space required for mechanical operations, it is recommended
that the best available technical advice be secured to
assure inclusion of an accurate estimate within the program statement . Fortunately, with the
development of new construction materials and techniques combined with new concepts in
planning, much less space is needed for these.
In addition to locating a maximum number ofpublic services on the main floor,
the followingpoints should be kept in mind :
1 . Only one complete card catalog should be maintained . It should be located
conveniently as near as possible to the reading and reference areas, circulation desk, and the
processing department.Department catalogs, a children's catalog, and shelflist and other
processing records should be placed in their respective areas needed .
2 . Except for large libraries, there should not be more than one circulation desk . It
should be near the main entrance where there will be direct visual control of the movement
of both children and adults .
3 . There should be a single public entrance within short distanceof the circulation desk
. Auditoriums and meeting rooms need not be directly accessible from the main entrance .
4 . Public toilets, telephones, and display cases should be located where they can be
supervised by circulation desk personnel . Cultural LIBRARIES Service and Space
Relationships Cultural Library Location

5. Every public service area should be supported by book storage, office, and work areas.
Reading rooms should be grouped so that they may be served by common book storage,
office, and work area .
6. A librarian or attendant should not be responsible for areas more than 55 ft beyond
his desk .
7 . Load bearing walls should be kept to a minimum and maximum use of shelving and
furniture made to separate different service areas .
Other factors, such as exterior light and noise, also may influence the location of various
areas within the building .Finally it may be said that the success or failure of a building is
measured by the degree to which planners succeed in applying the foregoing principles of
desirable interrelationships Whether it is a simple village library or a complex large-city
library, every effort should be made to facilitate supervisory control, flexibility, and
convenience of readers .
The Site
In addition to central location, several other important criteria should be
considered in library site selection :
1 . The site should be prominent . A corner site at a busy intersection where the library
can easily be seen is preferred . Maximum use should be made of display windows and
views of the interior .
2. The site should permit street level entrance Although a site that slopes to the rear
has certain advantages,a level site should be acquired if possible .
3. The site should be large enough for expansion, accessibility for service vehicles and
bookmobiles, and a modest amount of landscaping
.
4 . The site should permit orientation of the front of the building to the north in order
to minimize glare from the sun . When this is not
possible, orientation to the east is the second choice. However, an otherwise excellent,
centrally located site should not be eliminated for lack of appropriate orientation . Modern
year around temperature control devices and artificial light can be used effectively to
minimize sun exposure problems .
5 . Rectangular service areas within a building lend themselves to easy supervision .
As a result, a site which is rectangular in shape and permits construction of a rectangular
building should be obtained if possible .
6 . Ideally, a site should have uniform foundation conditions, either rock or soil . Test
borings should be made, preferably before a site is purchased . Certain other conditions
should be met if the community is to be adequately served . First, the library should be
located reasonably near adequate automobile parking . Second, parking provisions should be
made for bookmobiles, other official library vehicles, and library staff
members .
Third, automobile access to drive-in service windows should be provided where this
feature has been incorporated into the library building design . Although emphasis has been
placed on acquiring a site which would be large enough to permit easy horizontal expansion,
it is importantto note that under certain conditions purchase of a strategically located smaller
site can be justified provided there is enough space to locate primary adult public service
areas at street level .

3.15 Ergonomics :
Typical Book Shelving, Shelf, Diptych Available 8",10",12". comend Face To Face 3'-
0"Approximate Book Capacity Per 3' Single-Face Section : High Shelf Unit : 150 ;
Medium Shelf Unit : 105 ; Low Shelf Unit : 65

5.1 Project Brief
Name : Dhaka Central Public Library.
Total area : 3.2 acre
Client :Bangladesh Library Directorate ( Under Cultural ministry )
Established : 5 February 1958.
5.2 History
Central Public Library of Bangladesh (between 1996 and 2007 it was named Begum
Sufia Kamal National Public Library) is the largest public library in Bangladesh. It also houses
the Public Library Department which, with 68 public libraries including the Central Public
Library in its jurisdiction, is managed by the Directorate of Public Libraries under the
Ministry of Cultural Affairs The auditorium ( Shawkat Osman Auditorium ) of the library is
a major venue for cultural events in Dhaka, including the International Short and
Independent Film Festival. It also houses the Library Training Institute funded and managed
by the Library Association of Bangladesh (LAB). It also has a reprography service, in-house
binderyandconservationsection.
5.3 Collection of Book
As on March 2007, the Library has 119,750 books in collection, including old and rare
books with historical value, along with a small valuable collection of 40 to 50 manuscripts
titles for research and reference services. Books in the collection are mostly in Bengali and
English, as well as other languages including Urdu, Hindi, Arabic and Persian. As a
depository library, it deposits all Bangladeshi publications under the Copyright. The Library
receives most of the Bangladeshi daily newspapers and periodicals. It also has a special
collection of juvenile material and is providing separate reading facilities for children. The
Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system with minor modifications is used to organize
library materials. As on March 2018, the Library has 2,17,850 ( Ref. Book Of Library ministry
Dhaka.)
5.4 Reader Facility:
General Reading Room……………..216 seats ……………………………..6480sft
Science Reading Room…………..….194 seats ……………………………. 6480sft
Reference Reading Room…………….60 seats ……………………………. 4624sft
Children Reading Room…………...….80 seats ……………………………. 2400sft
Newspaper Reading Room…………..35seats ………………………………..600s

5.7 Floor Plan Review & Zoning & Circulation
a. Ground Floor.

5.9 Photograph ( Library Function)

5.10 Photograph ( Surroundings )

International Case Study.
5.11 Project Brief
Project Name : VIIPURI LIBRARY
Architects : Alver Aalto.
Location : Vyborg, Russia .
Area : 2500.0 m2
Project Year : 1935.
5.12 Project Background .
Despite being one of the seminal works of modern Scandinavian architecture, Alvar
Aalto’s Viipuri Library languished in relative obscurity for three-quarters of a century until
its media breakthrough in late 2014. The library's massing consists of two simple rectangular
blocks that are offset horizontally from one another, but the internal spatial organization is
deceptively more complex. What is often described as three floors in plan is actually in
section in a variegated array of volumetric conditions and a complex field of transitional
spaces. The programmatic arrangement bears some resemblance to the simpler massing,
with administrative and ceremonial spaces in the main entrance block and the bulk of the
reading spaces and bookshelves in the larger rear block. The intricacy of the plans, however,
reveals this diagram not to be so straightforward in practice.
The circulation of this complex interior arrangement captures the essence of Aalto’s
design. Analogizing to a rugged mountain topography defined primarily by changes in
elevation, he strove to create a stepped “interweaving of the section and ground plan” and “a
kind of unity of horizontal and vertical construction.
5.13 DesignConcept :

CHILDREN’S ENTRY
CHILDREN’S
HALL -5’-0
CHILDREN’S LIBRARY
-7’-6”
ARCIVE -7’-6
STORE - -7’-6
5.1.6 Below Ground Floor Plan

5.1.7
Ground
Floor
Plan
LECTURE
LEVEL
+0’-6”
ENTRY
LOBBY
LEVEL
0’-6”
ENTRY
LOBBY
LEVEL
+5’-6”
DOUBLE
HIGHT
READING
SPACE
DOUBLE
HIGHT
READING
SPACE

5.1.8
1
st
Floor.
LEVEL
LEVEL
LEVEL
ADMINISTRATIVE
E

5.1.1 Space Diagram
5.1.0 Sky Lights Detail.

5.1.2 Circulation Pattarn
5.1.3 Elevation
1
ST
FLOOR PLAN
Ground Floor Plan
Below Ground Floor Plan

5.1.1 Detail of General Reading Area.
Practical Space Diagram of General Library 250 Seat & 110 Book Shelve

5.2 Detail of Science Reading Room Area .
Practical Space Diagram of Science Library 190 Seat & 80 Book Shelve

5.3 Detail of Reference Reading Area
Practical Space Diagram of Reference Library 84 Seat & 60 Book Shelve.
.

5.4 Detail of Children & Senior Citizen Reading Area .
Practical Space Diagram of Children & Senior Citizen Library 120 Seat & 45 Book
Shelve.

5.5 book stck
Book Stack ( 30% - 35% Book OfTotal Library )

5.6 Detail Of Conference Room & Cyber Café.
100 Person’s Conference Room & 21 Person’s Cyber Café.

5.7 Detail Measurement of Digital Library & Mosque Area.
28 Person’s Digital Library & Mosque..

6.2 Survey People’s & Equipment Data.
Population
Size
Book Stock
volumesper
capita
No . Of
seats per
1,000
population
Circulation
volumesper
capita
Total sq
ft per
capita
Desirable,
first floor,sq
ft per capita
100000-
200000
1 3 8 0.4-0 .5 0.15-0.2
POPULATION
CALCULATION
Khalishpur
……………………235018
Sonadanga
………………
…..172079
Total
population………………..
=
407097person
Literacy
rate………………………………=
407097
@70%
of
Total
population
=
284967
person
Large
Cities
Book
Par
Capital
1
=
284967
Total
number
of
Book.
For
Steck30%
@
284967
of
Total
Book…
=
284967
-30%
=
199477
book
For
Reader.
No
.
Of
seats
per
1,000
population
@
3
=
199477X
3
=
600
seat
=700
seat
For
Reader
Total
sq
ft
per
capita
@
.4
=199477
X
.4
=
79790.76sft
User
Space
Distribution.
TYPE
Seat
BOOK
General
………………….252set
@
36%................
71811
Book
Science………………….
210set@
30%.................
59843
Book
Reference
...............
92set
@13%................
25932
Book
Children
……………
…
78set@
11%.................
21942
Book
Senior
Citizen
………..
34set@5%....................
9974
Book
Newspaper…………........
34set@
5%
TOTAL
…………………….700set@100%.................
186665

6.3 Documentation Study.
a. Ideal Temperature For The Designof Public Library

b .. Library Space Development Procedure.
c.. Lay Out of Public Library
Library space Development Procedure.

d.. Relation Between Reading Room & Book Stack

Chapter VI: DesignDevelopmentAnd Conceptualization ….094-124
Library is a sources of collection , resources ,and services. In the more traditional sense, a
library is a collection of books.
Users for public library:
• Children
• Young people
• Adults Public
Public library: have no scientific collection duty or archive function ,but are lending libraries
, which normally have small stores or none at all. Users for public library: • Children •
Young people • Adults Public library aim their range of stock and services at meeting the
needs of the users. The public library is communication for the population, they offer, in
addition to the traditional lending of books, browsing zones, citizens advice, information,
cafeteria, listening to music, areas for sitting and events, art lending. Structure the areas into
those for adults, children and young people with activity-oriented movement rooms, not
separated but in zones with flowing transition.
l.4 Proiect Rationale
The library will be important for informational, educational, cultural and social
institutes. This library is use centered organization focused on patron satisfaction. This
library not only have educational roles and function but also contribute to nation economics.
Use differnt idea provides one of the best mean to reach their goals. it will be a large archive
preserve historic artifacts, oral historic , digital history projects monograph relevant to the
community including minority groups.
1.5 Aim of Project
Public Libraries is a Library That is Accessible By The General Public and Is Generally
Funded From Public Sources, Such AS Taxes. Public libraries are very important social
organizations in building knowledge based society. Khulna Divisional Public Library will
be a Building a science-enlightened society for the citizens of Khulna and It will be a large

7.1.1 Proposed Detail Program.

7.1.2 Working Cycle
7.1.3 Conceptual Sketches
Create a social interaction space by connecting green space`

7.1.4 Concept Development
9 Cube.

7.1.5 Ventilation Process ( Sun & Wind )

7.1.6 Cluster Development
Step -1 1:1 Ratio Cube
Step -2 1:2 Ratio punch
Step -3
Reading & working form
Step -4 openings
Step-5 Form Connectivity

7.1.7 MasterPlan Development.
STEP- 1
STEP- 2
STEP- 3
STEP- 5
STEP- 4
STEP- 6
STEP- 7
STEP-8
STEP-9 MOK
STEP-10 FINAL MASTER PLAN

7.2.1 Master plan Zoning .
Library Building MP Theater
Staff f Quarter
Parking Book Fier Space
Guard Post Café Deck

The Essence Of The Project.
Social connecting space to develop different Aspect . the purpose of this library is not only
be a knowledge hub, but also a place for social-interaction because this is a divisional library
and it will connect people from different districts. Social-interaction is already present there
but it needed to be enhanced throughout the year.. it will be an iconic civic hub not only
through the conventional ways but also in the ways which people have enlightened through
ages. this library will play a vibrant role in the development of our culture that promotes
reading, motivated readers and learners for life.

Helping Hand
Amla……………..
Mahir Vai , Rony Vai, Shosal, Rimi Apu
Kamla……………
Shawn Shovo, Thanha Riya, Rima, Mukta, Mussraf
Sun, Mimi Sayem Ahmed Urmi, Aloka Forhad
Classmate……….
Mamun Imran Rakib Arif Bappa, bithi
Jewel. Dipon, Tilok, Nitu, Munna, Azad, Tarin, Aki,Raju, Saiful 1 & 2………
Thank’s To All.

Public Library ,Thesis dissertation.

Public Library ,Thesis dissertation.

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