In here you can get a basic knowledge about poisonous plans ts which are available in Sri Lanka.

1. POISONOUS PLANTS
IN SRI LANKA
AG 1025
AG 1043
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2. INTRODUCTION
• Plants contain large number of biologically active
chemicals. Some of these have been found to be
useful as well as harmful according to the
exposure.
• The diversity of plants adapt to survive with
competitive plants, some degree of protection
from plant predators such as insects and
ruminants.
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3. • There are number of broad categories of
toxicologically significant plants constituents.
These include alkaloids, amino acids, pesticides,
proteins, glycosides, acids.
• The concentration of toxic continuant's in plants
can vary from each other.
• The diagnosis of plant poisoning can be difficult.
Ingestion of many parts produce non specific
clinical signs that must be differentiated from
other disease conditions.
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4. Datura metel
• Scientific name:- Datura metel
• Family:- solanaceae
• Sinhala name:- Ela aththana
• Tamil name:- Ayigam
• Description :- shrub like annual plant, flowers
with deep purple or white, leaves are simple and
alternative.
• All parts are toxic, it contain tropane alkaloids.
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5. Nicotina tobacum
• Scientific name:- Nicotina tobacum
• Family:- solanaceae
• Sinhala name:- Dum kola
• Tamil name:- Phailei
• Description:- native of tropical and sub tropical
America. But now it cultivated world wide.
• Leaves, stem, roots and flowers are toxic. It
contain nicotine.
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6. Manihot utilissima
• Scientific name:- Manihot utilissima
• Family:- euphorbiaceae
• Sinhala name:- Manyokka
• Tamil name:- maravalli
• Description:- shrub with a big tuberous root.
• Tuberous roots are toxic. It contain cynide.
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7. Ricinus communis
• Scientific name :- Ricinus communis
• Family:- euphorbiaceae
• Sinhala name:- Endaru
• Tamil name :- Amanakku
• Description:- cultivate as decorative plant in
village gardens
• Seeds are most toxic parts which contain “ricine”
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8. Abrus precatorius
• Scintific name:- Abrus precatorius
• Family:- leguminacae
• Sinhala name:- olinda
• Tamil name:- adisamiyai
• Description:- slender perennial twiner. Grows
wild in dry regions of Sri Lanka at low elivation.
• Seeds are toxic and it contain “abrin”
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9. Myristica fragrans
• Scientific name :- Myristica fragrans
• Family:- myristicaceae
• Sinhala name:- Sadikka
• Tamil name:- Adipam
• Description :- it is normally called as nutmeg
which use as spice in foods. Seeds are toxic it
contains “myristicin”
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10. Adenia palmata
• Scientific name:- Adenia palmata
• Sinhala name :- Hondala
• Tamil name :- Manjal alari
• Description :- large tuberous, woody climber,
stem are thick at nodes, flowers are large. Fruits
and seeds are toxic. It contains “cyanogenic” and
“toxalbumin”
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11. Poison nut
• Scientific name :- Strychnos nux-vomica
• Family :- logaiaceae
• Sinhala name :- Godakaduru
• Tamil name :- Kagodi
• Description :- a moderate size or large tree
flowering in August. Seeds are toxic. It contains
“brucine”
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12. Gloria superba
• Scientific name :- Gloria superba
• Family :- liliaceae
• Sinhala name :- Nilangala
• Tamil name :- Illangalli
• Description :- found in low country of Sri Lanka.
It has beautiful attractive flower. The entire plant
specially the tubers are extremly poisonous. It
contains “gloriocine”
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13. Thevetia peruviana
• Scientific name :- Thevetia peruviana
• Family :- Apocynaceae
• Sinhala name :- Kaneru
• Tamil name :- Manjal alari
• Description :- often used for heding in Sri Lanka.
Seeds are toxic. It contain “thevetine A” and
“thevetine B”
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14. Alocasia macrorrhiza
• Scientific name :- Alocasia macrorrhiza
• Family :- Araceae
• Sinhala name :- Habarala
• Tamil name :- Param sembu
• Description :- Grows in tropical countries. All
parts are toxic. It contains calcium oxalate
crystals with toxic proteins.
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15. Plumbago zeylanica
• Scientific name :- Plumbago zeylanica
• Family :- Plumbaginaceae
• Sinhala name :- Nithul
• Tamil name :- Vittira
• Description :- annual plant. Grow up to 3 feets.
Growing under dry climatic conditions. Bark,
roots and leaves are toxic. It contains
“plumbagine”
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16. Summary
• Plant poison is biologically active chemicals in
the plants. These are extremly harmful to the
animals.
• There may be negative affect by these plants
• All poisonous plants are affliction the life.
Because most of poison plants has important
medical properties. That is used in “Ayuruwedha”
system.
• Some are foods of human and the animals.
Therefore we have to identify how poisonous or
toxic plants are hurt to the humans and also the
animals.
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17. THANK YOU.
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