Gulab Devi Institute of Pharmacy

2. • Characteristics:
1. Smooth muscles have
non-striated appearance.
2. They have spindle
shaped cells.
3. Their cells form longsheets.
4. The single nucleus is
present at the centre of cells.

3. • Location:
• Smooth muscles are present in the
walls of hollow organs (such as
oesophagus, bronchi etc) and blood
vessels.
• Functions:
• They are stimulated by the neurogenic
impulses as has slow rhythemical
contractions used in controlling organs.
• Example:
• Moving food along the oesophagus by

4. • Characteristics:
1. Skeletal muscles have regular
striated appearance.
2. Muscle cells have peripheral nuclei.
3. Cells are long and cylindrical in
shape.

5. • Location:
• They are attached to bones.
• Function:
• They contract to facilitate the movement of
skeleton.
3. Cardiac Muscles:
• Characteristics:
1. In cardiac muscles, cross striations are
present.
2. In them, one or two oval central nuclei can
be seen.
3. Intercalated discs are present in them.
4. In cardiac muscles. muscle fibers branched
profusely.

6. • Location:
• They are present in heart.
• Functions:
• They are responsible for the
contractions of cell to pump the blood.

7. • Characteristics:
1. In liver, hepatic
lobules are present.
1. Bile duct is present.
2. Central vein is also
present.

8. • Location:
• Liver is located in the upper right hand portion
(i.e. in the left and right hypochondric region,
epigastric region, right lumber region) of
abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm, and
on the top of stomach.
• Functions:
• Production of bile.
• Production of certain proteins for blood plasma.
• Production of cholesterol and carrier proteins.
• Store and release of glucose as per needed.
• Processing of haemoglobin.

9. • Characteristics:
1. In pancreas, Islets of
langerhans are present.
2. Pancreatic aceni
(secretory sub-units) are
also present.

10. • Location:
• Pancreas is located in the upper left portion
(i.e. epigastric region, left hypochondric
region and umbilical region) of abdominal
cavity.
• Function:
• Pancreas has two main functions as follows:
1. Endocrine function:
• It helps in digestion.
2. Exocrine function:
• It regulates blood sugar.

11. • Characteristics:
1. In large intestine, villi are absent in
mucosa.
2. Lymphatic nodules are
present.
1. In it, mucous are lined by
goblet cells.
1. Arteries and veins are
present.

12. • Location:
• It is present in abdominal cavity,
running from ileum to anus.
• Function:
• The main functions are as follows:
1. Absorption of water.
2. Production of certain vitamins.
3. Storage of undigested food material.
4. Formation and excretion of feces
from the body.

13. • Characteristics:
1.In small intestine,villi are
Present in mucosa.
2.Lymphatic nodules are
Present.
3.Neurovascular bundles are
Present to some extend

14. • Location:
1.It is located in the abdominal
cavity,extending from the pylorous of
stomach to the ileocecal junction.
• Functions:
1.The main function of small intestine is
absorption of nutrients and minerals
from food.

15. • Characteristics:
1.In lungs,alveoli are
present.
2.Bronchioles are also
present.
3.Pulmonary artery is also
present.

16. • Location:
1.Lungs are present on either sides of
the chest.
• Functions:
1.The main function of lungs is to help
oxygen from the air we breathe Enter
the red blood cells and to Get rid of
carbon dioxide gas wher we breathe
out.

17. • Characteristics:
1.In trachea a tracheal
Cartilage is pesent.
2.Tracheal glands are also
Present.
3.Perichondrium can also be
Seen.

18. • Location:
1.This 4.5 inches long tube begins just
under the larynx and runs down behind the
sternum. It then divides into two bronchi.
Functions:
1.Connects pharynx and larynx to the
lungs.
2.It allows the passage of air.
3.It is lined with an epithilium that act as
goblet cells which produce protective

19. • Characteristics:
1.In kidney cortex and
medulla are present.
2.Bowman’s capsule and
glomerulus is present.
3.Loop of henle is present.

20. • Location:
1.Kidneys are the retroperitoneal organs
and lies in the right hypochondric
region,epigastric region,left hypochondric
region,right lumber region,umbilical
region,left lumber region of abdominal
cavity.
• Functions:
A.Excretory Functions:
1.It removes
wastes(metabolites,nitrogenous) from
body.

21. 2.It produces urine.
B.Endocrine Functions:
It releases vital hormones that;
1.It controls the body fluids balance.
2.Regulates the balance of electrolytes.

22. • Characteristics:
1.Endometrium is present.
2.Myometrium is present.
3.Uterine glands are
Present.
4.Coiled artery can also
Be seen.

23. • Location:
1.It is located in between the bladder and
the rectum,in the pelvic area.It lies in the
hypogastric region of the abdominal cavity.
• Functions:
1.The reproductive function of the uterus is
to accept a fertilized ovum which passes
through Utero-tubar junction from the
fallopian tube.The fertilized ovum becomes
an embryo,placenta forms Attaches to the
wall of uterus.