Basic Organizational Design
In the name of ALLAH the most beneficent and the most mercifully My self Usman Ashraf and I ma the Student of Hailey College OF Commerce, University Of the Punjab, Lahore. My other Group Members are Ahmad Raza (MC14 – 299) , Liaqat Ali (MC14 – 282) Raza Ahmad (MC14 – 288) and Ali Raza (MC14 – 303) . to day we all present hare the topic “Basic Organization Design” in this chapter we present the foundations of organization structure. We define the concept and its key components, introduce organization design options, consider contingency variable that determine when the certain design options work better then other’s and explore the concept of organization culture. know the question is What is Organization Design – is the process in which manager develop or change their organization structure Organization Structure means the linking of department and jobs within the organization BY Organization Structure we means the three things 1 - The Location Of Design Making Responsibility in the firm. 2- The Formal division of Organization into Subunits. 3 - Establishment of integrating mechanisms to coordinate the activities of subunits there are Six basic elements of Structure: 1-Work specialization 2-Unity Of command 3-Span Of control 4-Authority & Responsibility 5-Centralization Verses Decentralization 6-Departmentaliza-tion Know the question is what is work-specialization - The degree to which tasks in the organization are divided into separate jobs with each step completed by a different person. Overspecialization can result in human diseconomies from boredom, fatigue, stress, poor quality, increased absenteeism, and higher turnover. there are some Advantages and disadvantages of work-specialization the Next one is Chain of Command – The continuous line of authority that extends from upper levels of an organization to the lowest levels of the organization and clarifies who reports to whom. In the Chain of command I also define the Unity Of Command - The Management Principal that no person should report to more then one boss. In this diagram show that how the chain of command exist in the organization Span of Control The number of employees who can be effectively and efficiently supervised by a manager. Width of span is affected by: 1- Skills and abilities of the manager – 2-Employee characteristics -3- Characteristics of the work being done 4-Similarity of tasks 5-Complexity of tasks 6-Physical proximity of subordinates 7-Standardization of tasks
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Basic Organizational Design
- 3. Ahmad Raza MC14 – 299 LiaQat Ali MC14 – 282 Raza Ahmad MC14 – 288 Ali Raza MC14 – 303
- 5. What is organization Design ??? The linking of department and jobs within the organization
- 6. Organization Structure The Location Of Design Making Responsibility in the firm. The Formal division of Organization into Subunits. Establishment of integrating mechanisms to coordinate the activities of subunits.
- 7. The Elements Of Structure Work specialization Unity Of command Span Of control Authority & Responsibility Centralization Verses Decentralization Departmentaliza- tion
- 9. Economies and Diseconomies of Work Specialization
- 11. Chain Of Command
- 12. Skills and abilities of the manager Employee characteristics Characteristics of the work being done Similarity of tasks Complexity of tasks Physical proximity of subordinates Standardization of tasks Organization Structure (cont’d)
- 13. Contrasting Spans of Control
- 15. Mechanistic Versus Organic Organizations
- 16. Mechanistic Versus Organic Organizations • Is a fix form that is as, Rigid and stableMechanistic Organization • Is a an adaptive form that is as loose and flexible Organic Organization
- 17. Organizational Structure Environment Size Technology Strategy Contingency Variables Affecting Structure
- 19. Contingency Variables Affecting Structure
- 20. Contingency Variables Affecting Structure
- 22. Simple Structure • Low specialization and formalization, wide span of control but high in centralization. Functional Structure • Organizational design that group similar or related accupanational specialist together Divisional Structure • Made up of separate unit or divisions each division has a limited autonomy Organizational Design Application
- 25. Other Organizational Structures Advantages Fluid and flexible Design Faster decision making Disadvantages Complexity of assign people Task and personality conflicts
- 26. Matrix Structure
- 27. Other Organizational Structures (cont’d)
- 30. Organizational design Information sharing Leadership Organizational Culture The learning Organization Characteristics of a Learning Organization
- 33. Strong mutual relationship Sense of community Caring Trust Organizational Culture
- 34. What is an Organization Culture ???
- 35. Member Identity Group Emphasis People Focus Unit Integration Control Risk Tolerance Reward criteria Conflicts Tolerance Means-End Orientation Open-System Focus Characteristics Of Organization Culture