2. In response to ongoing industrialization and modernization,
Pius IX issued the dogmatic constitution Pastor Æternus (July 1870)
which in France contributed to the so-called ‘Ralliement ’--
t h e r e s u r g e n c e o f u l t r a m o n t a n e o b s c u r a n t i s m
i n f e r m e n t a t i v e m y s t i c i s m .
3. At the Fin de Siècle, artists and
intellectuals were drawn to the
Ralliement aesthetic--e.g. Satie,
who intuited a modality of dreamy
t i m e l e s s a s a n e l e m e n t a l
p r i n c i p l e o f s t y l e .
4. From 1886, Satie issued a series of
inscrutably haunting piano miniatures
exercising this style--viz., Ogives,
S a r a b a n d e s , G y m n o p é d i e s ,
Gnossiennes, Sonneries, Danses,
P r é l u d e s , N o c t u r n e s , e t c .
5. In the Vexations (1893), Satie creates a lush atmosphere of
hieratic ambience using a proto-serialistic method with an hypnotic
t h è m e h a r m o n i z e d ( i n 1 2 - t o n e d i v i s i o n )
b y t r i t o n e s a n d i n v e r t e d t r i t o n e s .
6. Satie’s idiosyncratic notational orthography is expressed with
enharmonic equivalents written as odd accidentals which
o b s c u r e t o n a l i m p l i c a t i o n s .
7. Unquestionably, Satie’s chef-
d’œuvre is Socrate (1 9 1 9 )--
settings of extractions from
V i c t o r C o u s i n ’ s F r e n c h
t r a n s l a t i o n s o f P l a t o ’ s
Symposium, Phædr us, and
Phædo--in his inimitably icy
mood of austere remoteness.