Bionanotechlogy like nanomedicine and nanobiosensors based on molecular plasmonics. Using the application of localized surface plasmon resonance based on EM. SERS raman spectoscopy and many more application.
3. Names and ID’s of the Group Members
Names ID’s
Kazi Humayun Kabir 2013-3-80-020
Md. Zahidul Islam 2015-1-80-025
Ridwan Ahmed 2015-1-80-029
Md. Siddikur Rahman 2015-1-80-048
3
4. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
4
5. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
5
6. Nanomedicine
The vision that Richard Feynman shared in 1959 has now been made
possible. He said it would be interesting in surgery if we could swallow the
surgeon.
Nanomedicine involves cell-by-cell regenerative medicine
Important issues
Biocompatibility: Can these new materials and devices work within the body, or will
they be rejected?
Interfacing: Will the new biomaterials we develop work outside living things—
enabling them to be interfaced with electronics and machines in a way that we can
safely use?
6
7. Nanobiosensors
a biosensor is a measurement system for the detection of an analyte that
combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector and a
nanobiosensor is a biosensor that on the nano-scale size
Optical biosensors
Electrical biosensors
Electrochemical biosensors
Nanotube based biosensors and many more…
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor was first demonstrated for
biosensing in 1983 by Liedberg et al.
7
8. Bionanotech: Medicine & Sensor
Bionanotechnology is an emerging branch of biology and nanomedicine
Why do we want medical ‘nano’-particles?
Their size enables them to interact directly with most biomolecules
Requires collaboration of experts from various fields
Molecular Plasmonic is the study of light interacting with nanostructured
materials that can support a surface plasmon resonance excitation
Sensing and treatment of disease using plasmonic effect.
8
9. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
9
10. Molecular Plasmonics
The interaction between confined
electromagnetic (EM) effects and nearby
molecules has led to the emerging field
known as molecular plasmonics.
Using plasmonics effects we are capable
of
Sensing,
Spectral analysis,
Imaging,
Delivery,
Manipulation and
Heating of molecules, biomolecules or cells
Figure 01: Three types of molecule–plasmon
resonance couplings in molecule–metal
nanoparticle hybrids
10
11. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
11
12. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
When an external light wave is incident on a
nanosphere, its electric field periodically
displaces the sphere’s electrons with respect to
the lattice. This results in oscillating electron
density – a localized surface plasmon resonance.
Can be used
In vivo application
In vitro application
Figure 02 : Basic
principles of localized
surface plasmon
resonance
12
13. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
13
14. Plasmon–molecule interactions
• Three types of molecule–
plasmon interactions:
I. Optical,
II. Mechanical and
III. Thermal
Ref: Zheng et al. Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
Figure 03: Schematic summarizing and
structuring biological and nanomedical
applications of molecular plasmonics.
14
15. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
15
16. Application using Optical Effect
(i) Nanobiosensors based on LSPR modulation
A wide range (from UV to mid-infrared) of LSPR
wavelengths are obtained with metal
nanoparticles of various shapes and sizes
LSPR peak wavelength, intensity and/or bandwidth
can be modulated by molecular adsorption,
desorption or even conformational changes that
induce variations in the refractive index Figure 04: Localized surface plasmon
resonance range of metal nanoparticles
of different shapes
16
17. Application using Optical Effect (Cont…)
(i) Nanosensors based on LSPR
modulation
detecting molecules, biomolecules
and cellular signaling
A significant milestone for LSPR
nanosensors is to reach the single-
molecule detection limit
One of the major challenges for
LSPR based nanosensors is to
identify unknown molecules
Figure 6. Three types of molecule–plasmon resonance
couplings in molecule–metal nanoparticle hybrids
17
18. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
18
19. Application using Optical Effect (Cont…)
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman
spectroscopy (SERS)
In Raman scattering, photons are scattered
inelastically, either losing energy or gaining
energy equal to the molecular vibrations
of the probed material.
SERS studies molecular structures,
dynamics, and various biological processes
detecting transformational and structural
changes in functional proteins and other
biomolecules
Figure 06: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
(A) Schematic sample geometry for nanoparticle-
based SERS. (B) Raman spectrum of p-
mercaptoaniline collected with no nanoshells (blue)
and SERS spectra with nanoshells (red).
19
20. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
20
21. Application using Optical Effect (Cont…)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging-
Optical imaging of nanoscale object exhibits challenges because of the
diffraction limitation of light
Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), plasmonic nanoscopy is
capable of nanoscale biological and medical imaging with-
high signal-to-noise ratio,
high spatial and temporal resolution and
low illumination power
Resolution up to 5 nm
21
22. Examples
Based on plasmon resonance energy transfer spectroscopy, real-time
production of cytochrome c in living HepG2 cells has been imaged.
Zheng et al. successfully applied SERS to study the reversible
photoswitching of isolated azobenzene-functionalized molecules
inserted in self-assembled monolayers .
Estrada and Gratton achieved a high-resolution 3D image of biological
fibers such as collagen and actin filaments by moving a single Au
nanoparticle along the fibers with near-infrared (NIR) femtosecond
pulses and measuring its trajectory
22
23. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
23
24. Application Using Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
Plasmon-enhanced photothermal effects in
metal nanoparticles successfully
demonstrated for cancer therapy
laser excitation is used to kill tumor cells
selectively (schema right)
High EM energy density surrounding
nanoparticles is converted into thermal
energy that heats the metal nanoparticles
locally.
the particles are in or near the cancer cells,
and causes the cells to reach a temperature
approximately 15–20°C above physiological
temperature, high enough to induce
apoptosis .
Figure 07: Plasmonic photothermal therapy.
Schematic of Au nanoparticles adsorbed selectively
on tumors
24
25. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
25
26. Application Using Thermal Effect (Cont…)
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
Metal nanoparticles that use plasmon-
enhanced photothermal effects to release drug
molecules that were conjugated to their
surfaces have shown great promise
Because of their large surface-to-volume ratios,
nanoparticles are ideal carriers of
oligonucleotides such as ssDNA, siRNA and
plasmid DNA
26
27. Examples
Figure 08: Plasmonic gene therapy.
(A) Concept of gene release by
oligonucleotides on plasmonic
carriers with optical switch
activation. (B) Left: tunable metal
nanorod carriers based on different
aspect ratios. Middle: scanning
electron microscopy image of
nanorod with an aspect ratio
(length/diameter) of 3.5. Right:
axisymmetric FEMLAB simulation
demonstrating localized heat
distribution at the nanorod surface
at steady state.
Plasmonic Gene Therapy
27
28. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
28
29. Applications based on mechanical effects
(i) Plasmonic tweezers-
Plasmonic tweezers able to capture, trap stably and
manipulate single-molecules/biomolecules with
nanoscale precision
Transfer photon momentum to a
microparticle/nanoparticle, which experiences two
optical forces –
1. a scattering force and
2. a gradient force
These two forces allow plasmonic tweezers to operate
at low power with reduced optical inference or damage
to biomolecules and cells
Figure 09: Plasmonic tweezers (A &
B) The optical trapping of 200-nm
beads near the substrate without and
with nanodot pairs, respectively
29
30. Outline:
Molecular plasmonics for biology and nanomedicine
• Nanobiotech: Nanomedicine & Nanobiosensors
• Molecular plasmonics
• Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Plasmon–molecule interactions
Three major applications
(1) Optical Effect
(i) Biosensors based on LSPR modulation
(ii) Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
(iii) Plasmonic nanoscopy & imaging
(2) Thermal Effect
(i) Photothermal therapy
(ii) Smart nanocarriers
(3) Mechanical Effect
(i) Plasmonic tweezers
• Future perspective
30
31. Future perspective
• Tremendous opportunities for sensing, imaging, manipulating,
delivering and smoldering biological molecules
• Can potentially integrate sensing, spectral analysis, molecular
manipulation, drug delivery, gene switches and photothermal therapy
onto the same nanoparticle platform.
• Will require strong collaboration between experts in many different
fields such as physics, Nanomedicine engineering, chemistry, biology
and pharmacology
31