21st century Literature from the Philippines and the World

1. DIFFERENT
LITERARY GENRES

2. Poetry
Is one of the earliest genres of literature. It was either
recited or sang back to pre-historic times to call for
help from a deity, narrate a hero’s life and victories,
tell about the love story of their rulers, or describe
someone who inspires them.

3. Elements of poetry
 1. Rhyme – is the identical rhyme if the last two words or
sounds match each other.
 2. Meter – it is also called rhythm in poetry. It is the pattern of
beats (stressed and unstressed syllables)
 3. Imagery and symbolism – the beauty of poetry is on the
carefully chosen words that rhyme and the lines and stanzas
with uniform rhythm.

4. LITERARY DEVICES IN POETRY

5. Metaphor
Direct comparison of two unlike things.
Example: He is a strong lion.

6. Simile
Two unlike things compared to each other
using “like” or “as”.
Example: He is strong like a lion.

7. Personification
Giving human attributes to an object or
animal.
Example: The sun smiled down on us.

8. Hyperbole
It exaggerates the meaning of a sentence.
Example: I am so thirsty that I could drink
an ocean.

9. POEM STRUCTURE

10. Poem structure
Couplet – 2 lines
Tercet – 3 lines
Quatrain – 4 lines
Cinquain – 5 lines
Sestet – 6 lines
Septet – 7 lines
Octave – 8 lines

11. Fiction
It is a story made by author’s creative imagination. It
has various sub-genres like mystery, fantasy,
suspense, historical fiction, science fiction and etc.
Fiction uses the basic elements of a story, namely;
plot, setting, characters and conflict to convey its
ideas.

12. Activity 1 module 3
Choose your own topic and make a four-stanza
tercet poem that contains rhythm.
Topics: Nature, childhood memories, friendship,
change, a person, love, dreams, experiences, hobby,
and etc.

13. DIFFERENT
LITERARY GENRES

14. Non-fiction
Is a literary genre that tells about stories that
actually happen in real life. The sub-genres of
literary non-fiction are biography, memoir,
autobiography, journals, diaries, periodicals,
and references.

15. Drama
A written work that tells a story through
action and speech and is meant to be
acted on a stage

16. ELEMENTS OF DRAMA

17. Elements of Drama
1. Script- is a written text of a play. It is consist
of the dialogs or words that will be spoken by
the actors on the stage.
2. Scenery- refers to the properties used to
identify the location and period of the dramatic
production.
3. Make up – used to aid the actors in taking the
appropriate appearance of the character they
play.

18. 4. Costumes- are clothes, garments, or attires worn
by actors on stage to aid dramatic actions and
interpretations.
5. Lights and sound- provides the visibility of the
actors but also creates and enhance the mood and
atmosphere.

19. THE NEW GENRES OF LITERATURE

20. Hyper-poetry
It is a poetry uploaded in the internet. Its
medium is the computer screen.

21. Mobile Textula
 It is a short poetry in a form of tanaga, that is sent through
SMS on mobile phone. It consists of four(4) lines with seven
(7) syllables using (/) to end a line and (//) to end the stanza.


22. Flash Fiction
 It is telling a story in a few words, usually about 100-1000 word or less.

23. Chick Lit
works that are written by young female
writers, about contemporary women's life
and struggles, with young women as·the
target readers.

24. Blog
Online journal where an individual, group, or
corporation presents a record of activities,
thoughts, or beliefs.