2. What is literature?
Types of literary genres
Structural elements in poetry
Structural elements in prose
Structural elements in drama
Assignment
LESSON OUTLINE
3. TODAY, WE WILL LEARN TO
Define literature and its common
forms
Identify differences between poetry,
prose, and drama
Refer to the elements of poetry,
prose, and drama when writing or
speaking about a text
4. Types of literature
based on their
characteristics and
themes are also called
“genres.”
Literature refers to creations that
are written or spoken to express
ideas, stories, and other universal
human interests.
It commonly refers to written
works such as poetry, prose, and
drama.
WHAT IS LITERATURE?
5. Each genre has its own characteristics. They can be classified into:
Learning about them will improve the way we read them and inspire us to
create our own.
Poetry Prose Drama
GENRES OF LITERATURE
6. Poetry uses language to evoke
emotions, convey ideas, and
paint vivid descriptions.
It is typically structured with a
pattern and may include
rhymes.
POETRY
7. Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveller, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
A stanza is made up of many lines.
It provides a way of changing the
subject or tone. It also helps create
structure and flow to the ideas in
the poem.
A verse is a single line of poetry.
versE
Stanza
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN POETRY
Stanzas are
separated
by space
VERSE
STANZA
STANZA
Excerpt from “The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost (1905)
8. It is the pattern of unstressed and
stressed syllables. It helps create
rhythm and musicality.
It often refers to the shared sound
of words at the end of two or more
verses, which creates a poem’s
rhythm.
Rhyme
Meter
Excerpt from “The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost (1905)
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN POETRY
These are
the words
that rhyme
These are the
words with
stressed
syllables in
this verse
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveller, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
9. Prose tells a story, idea, or
information in sentences and
paragraphs. Its language is similar
to how we communicate in real life.
It can be classified into fiction
(imaginative) or nonfiction (factual).
PROSE
In longer forms like
novels, it can also divided
into chapters or units.
10. STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN PROSE
It is the perspective from which the story is told.
These are the humans or animals that
interact in a story.
Characters
Point of view
It is the time and place where a story takes place.
Setting
This refers to the sequence of events in a story.
Plot
It is the feeling or atmosphere a story
conveys based on the choice of words and
other elements in the story.
Mood
It is the central idea or the main
message of a story.
Theme
11. STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN PROSE
Alice was beginning to get very tired
of sitting by her sister on the bank,
and of having nothing to do: once or
twice she had peeped into the book
her sister was reading, but it had no
pictures or conversations in it, “and
what is the use of a book,” thought
Alice “without pictures or
conversations?”
Excerpt from the first chapter of “Alice’s Adventures in
Wonderland” by Lewis Carroll (1865)
Characters: Alice is the main
character, and her sister is mentioned.
Setting: The story takes place on the
bank of a river where Alice and her
sister are sitting. Later in the story,
Alice stumbles upon “Wonderland.”
Point of View: The story is told from a
third-person perspective but focuses
on Alice's thoughts and feelings.
12. STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN PROSE
Alice was beginning to get very tired
of sitting by her sister on the bank,
and of having nothing to do: once or
twice she had peeped into the book
her sister was reading, but it had no
pictures or conversations in it, “and
what is the use of a book,” thought
Alice “without pictures or
conversations?”
Excerpt from the first chapter of “Alice’s Adventures in
Wonderland” by Lewis Carroll (1865)
Mood: Alice is bored and then curious.
Theme: The overall theme of the
novel is growing up, and the
imagination and curiosity that goes
with it.
Plot: The novel’s story is about Alice’s
encounters in a strange place with
strange characters and how she finds
her way home.
13. DRAMA
Drama tells a story in
prose or in verse (like in
poetry). But unlike the
two other genres, drama
is intentionally written to
be presented on stage.
Romeo and Juliet is an
example of drama written
in verse form.
14. SCENE I. An open place adjoining
Capulet’s Garden.
Enter Romeo.
ROMEO.
Can I go forward when my heart is here?
Turn back, dull earth, and find thy centre out.
[He climbs the wall and leaps down within it.]
Enter Benvolio and Mercutio.
BENVOLIO.
Romeo! My cousin Romeo! Romeo!
They are instructions that tell the
actors what to do on stage. They
are usually written in italics or
parentheses ().
It is the place and time in which
the play takes place.
Setting
Stage Directions
Excerpt from Scene 2 Act 2 of “Romeo and Juliet” by
William Shakespeare (1595)
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN DRAMA
STAGE
DIRECTION
SETTING
STAGE
DIRECTION
15. SCENE I. An open place adjoining
Capulet’s Garden.
Enter Romeo.
ROMEO.
Can I go forward when my heart is here?
Turn back, dull earth, and find thy centre out.
[He climbs the wall and leaps down within it.]
Enter Benvolio and Mercutio.
BENVOLIO.
Romeo! My cousin Romeo! Romeo!
They are the people or animals in
a play. They are usually played
by actors.
It is what the characters say out loud
on stage. It is either a conversation
between characters or a monologue.
dialogue
Characters
Excerpt from Scene 2 Act 2 of “Romeo and Juliet” by
William Shakespeare (1595)
CHARACTER
CHARACTER
DIALOGUE
DIALOGUE
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN DRAMA
16. Poetry uses language
and patterns to evoke a
feeling or express an
idea. Its structural
elements include verse,
stanza, rhyme, and
meter.
LET’S REVIEW
Poetry Prose Drama
Prose is written in
sentences and paragraphs
and can be fiction or
nonfiction. Its elements
can be a combination of
characters, setting, point
of view, plot, mood, and
theme.
Drama tells a story in
prose or verse but is
specifically written to be
performed on stage. Its
elements include setting,
stage directions,
dialogue, and characters.
17. It’s time to unleash your creativity! For your assignment, choose ONE option below to complete.
Remember to share your writing with others to get helpful feedback and make it even better.
Prose
Think of an exciting trip
or experience you recently
had and write about it as a
story or an essay. Make
sure to describe your
setting clearly and include
key details.
WORD
COUNT: 100
WORDS
MAX!
Poem Drama Script
Imagine your favorite
season. Create a poem that
captures what you like
about it. Use some rhymes
and vivid language in your
composition.
Write a dialogue between
a person you know and
your favorite character.
You can turn them into an
amazing hero or a
mysterious detective. Add
stage directions and other
details.
JUMP INTO A GENRE
18. Use these images in your Canva Presentation.
Happy designing! Don't forget to delete this page before presenting.
RESOURCE PAGE
19. Try this background for online class.
*Please delete this section before downloading.
20. for confetti
for a drumroll
for bubbles
Any number from
for a timer
for blur
for quiet
for unveil
for mic drop
PRESS THESE
KEYS WHILE ON
PRESENT MODE!
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