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Foreword
Decades have passed since the operating system (OS) was created. The
OS plays a vital role for humans, ranging from initially implementing
human-computer interaction to controlling computers and other
devices.
What role does the OS play in the Internet of Things (IoT) era?
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Objectives
This course will enable you to:
Understand the basic knowledge and development history of the OS
Understand the functions of IoT OS
Understand Huawei LiteOS
Understand the application cases of Huawei LiteOS
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OS Overview (1)
What is an OS?
An OS is a computer program that manages hardware and software resources.
The transactions that an OS processes include managing and configuring
memory, setting priorities when allocating system resources, controlling I/O
devices, and operating the network and file systems. Additionally, OSs provides
an operation interface for users to interact with systems.
In a computer, an OS is the most important basic system software. From the user
perspective, the OS provides various services. From the programmer perspective, it
mainly refers to the interface for users to log in. From the designer perspective, it
refers to the connection between various modules and units to implement different
functions. After decades of development, the computer OS has become one of the
largest and most complex software systems.
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OS Overview (2)
Microcomputer
system
Hardware
Software
Host
Peripheral
s
Central
processing unit
(CPU)
Main (internal)
memory
ALU
Controller
RAM
ROM
External (auxiliary) memory (disk and
CD-ROM)
Input device (keyboard, mouse, etc.)
Output device (monitor, printer, etc.)
System
software
OS (DOS, Windows, etc.)
Programming language handler
Development tools, network software,
and diagnosis programs
Application
software
Various software packages and
network suites
The
OS
manages
and
controls
all
software
and
hardware
resources.
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Earliest "OS"
Punched tapes/cards
Manual operation
Punched tapes or cards are inserted into the input machine, enabling the
programs or data on the tapes or card to be input to a computer for subsequent
operations.
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Evolution of the OS
Batch OS
Single-job: Programs are loaded into the memory and executed individually.
Multi-job: Multiple programs are loaded into the memory and executed simultaneously.
Time-sharing OS
The OS interleaves the execution of each program among users in short time slots. Each user can interact with the
computer through a terminal.
Real-time OS
An OS that implements a specific function within a defined time frame. Real-time OSs are divided into soft real-time
OSs and hard real-time OSs.
Network OS/Distributed OS
Sharing of various resources in the network and communication between computers. The difference between the
distributed OS and network OS is that in the former, several computers cooperate with each other to complete the
same task.
Manual operation
Single-job batch processing OS
Multi-job batch processing OS Time-sharing OS
Real-time OS Network OS
Distributed OS
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Internet Era to Mobile Internet Era to IoT Era
Internet era
x86 architecture
Windows
Mobile Internet era
Arm architecture
Android/iOS
1 billion
connections
10 billion
connection
s
100 billion
connections
IoT OS
IoT era
x86, Arm, DSP, MIPS, FPGA, ...
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Challenges to IoT Terminal Development (1)
IoT terminals have various chip and hardware types, requiring developers to
adapt to hardware interfaces.
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Challenges to IoT Terminal Development (2)
IoT terminals involve various communications technologies and fast iterated communications
modules. Developers need to select and adapt to the communications modules.
ZigBee-based
smart lamp
6LowPAN-based
air quality monitor
Wi-Fi-based
camera
Z-Wave-based
thermostat
Wi-Fi-based
air conditioner
BLE-based
speaker
Cloud Platform
Play
Adjust volume
Tune
Power on
Adjust brightness
Adjust hue
Power on
Set temperature
Power on
Set running mode
Set wind speed
Power on
Set resolution
Set timer
Power on
Obtain PM2.5 index
Alert PM2.5
Non-IP devices IP devices
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Challenges to the IoT OS
Multi-sensor coordination that is complex to manage
High requirements on performance and power consumption for videos
Motion DV
Peephole
camera
Portable camera
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Smart Terminals, Basis of IoT Development
Interconnection of
different communication
protocols
• Unified management of different types
of sensor access and algorithm
development
• Device-pipe-cloud security
management
Self-discovery, self-
connection, self-networking,
and
self-healing
Huawei provides a complete and standard IoT LiteOS to
accelerate the development of smart devices.
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IoT OS - Huawei LiteOS
Smart
terminals
Dumb
terminals
Security
Open API
Connectivity Sensor hub Runtime engine
Kernel
Huawei
LiteOS
Multiple middlewares
...
... One kernel
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Huawei LiteOS History
2012 - Huawei
LiteOS became open
to Huawei consumer
products.
2014 - Huawei
LiteOS was shipped
with Huawei
consumer
products.
2015 - Open source Huawei
LiteOS entered the IoT field.
2017 - Over 1 million and 50
million IoT and consumer
products, respectively, were
shipped.
2018 - Over 20 million NB-
IoT products running Huawei
LiteOS were shipped.
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Huawei LiteOS Commercial Cases
Terminal products NB-IoT chips and modules
Hi2115
Xinyi NB-
IoT
MCU Joint
Commercial
Solutions
Chips
MK8010Q
2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Entered the IoT
field.
Released the
open source
version.
1 Million+
10
Million+
10
Million+
10
Million+
1
Million+
100
Thousand+
1
Million+ 10
Million+
10
Million+
Huawei terminals
running the
LiteOS
Third-party IoT
terminals
supported by
LiteOS
LETSWIN LETSWIN
NB
CK802
The NB chips running the LiteOS account for more
than 50% of the whole market.
Modules
LiteOS helps 90% of mainstream MCU chips
launch their IoT solutions.
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Huawei SmartSense Solution (1)
Huawei P/Mate Series Flagship Phones
Huawei LiteOS runs on coprocessors loaded with the Kirin series chipsets.
The Huawei LiteOS smart sensing framework works with the photosensitive
module to reduce pedometer power consumption and improve measurement
accuracy.
High-precision
fencing
Context awareness
Low-power GPS
Low-power LBS
Low-power
navigation
Always on display
...
Kirin SmartSense Solution
Convergent computing
Sensor Hub
Barometer Gyroscope
Magnetomete
r
Acceleromete
r
GPS
CPU
Modem
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Huawei SmartSense Solution (2)
Huawei Band
Huawei B3 is the smart device first showcased with Huawei LiteOS.
The Huawei LiteOS smart sensing framework is used to solve problems involving
multi-sensor high-precision sampling and data synchronization. Motion
detection accuracy has improved, and the response time when you raise your
wrist to turn on the screen has shortened.
The ultra-low power consumption lengthens the standby time.
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Huawei MobileCam Solution
Huawei MobileCam Solution
Quick startup of Huawei LiteOS
Low power consumption enables battery-supplied power and outdoor usage of
MobileCam as portable wearables.
Features such as smart hibernation and quick wakeup implement power saving
and enable quick response.
4G Wi-Fi connection and transmission support live streaming for motion DVs.
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Huawei HiLink Smart Home Solution
HiLink Smart Home Solution
Huawei LiteOS enables the HiLink smart home solution based on smartphone
sensors:
Screen operation, voice recognition, and gesture recognition
From multiple steps to one step
Smart home cloud
Smart home gateway
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Huawei Smart Water Meter Solution
Huawei LiteOS lightweight kernel:
Small size: MCU resources of the NB-IoT chips are shared to drive the
miniaturization and unified upgrade of applications.
Low power consumption: single AA battery supplying five years of power; no
need to connect to the mains
Metering
app
OS
MCU
NB-IoT
chip
NB-IoT chip
Huawei
LiteOS
Metering
app
Sensors Sensors
Traditional OS solution
Huawei LiteOS solution
