DEALS WITH THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS.

1. GLOBAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS
TAWSEEF AHMAD MIR
MSc. BOTANY (IV_SEM)
UCBMS & H (D..DUN)

2. The Main Three Global Environmental
Problems Are:-
 Ozone layer depletion
 Global Warming
 Desertification

3. Ozone Layer Depletion
 Ozone forms a shield in the upper atmosphere to protect
the flora and fauna of the earth from UV rays.
 In stratosphere the ozone is formed and photodisociated
to dissipate the energy of UV rays.
O3 UV O2+[O]
 The thining of Ozone layer by the various green house
gases is known as ozone depletion.
 Thining of ozone was istly discovered by Farman 1985.
 Major [ODS] are Chlorine, NOX, SOX, CFC’s, CH4, etc.

4. CAUSES OF OZONE DEPLETION
 Combustion of fossil fuels and organic matter.
 Excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers.
 Excessive use of chlorofluorocarbons.
 Rockets, Space shuttles.
 Nuclear Tests.
 Volcanic Eruptions.

5. CONSEQUENCES OF ZONE DEPLETION
 Skin cancer
 cataract
 Mutations
 food chain disruption
MEASURES TO REDUCE THE OZONE DEPLETION
 Reduce the emission of CFCs
 Use of green manure in place of N. fertilizers
 Awareness programmes etc..

6. GLOBAL WARMING
 The increase in the global mean temperature is
called as the global warming.
 The increase in the temperature is experienced
due to increase in the green house gases.
 Green house such as CO2, CH4 have the capability
of trapping the sunlight due to which the
temperature rises.
 The mean annual temperature of earths surface is
15 degree due to the presence of green house
gasses but when they are in high concentration
global warming is the result.

7. CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING
The green house gasses from various sources is
the main cause of global warming.
The green house gasses include:
 CO2 (From combustible material- 60% effect).
 CH4 (From floody paddy fields- 20% effect).
 CFCs (From jet fuel, refrigerators etc.- 14%
effect).
 Nitrous oxides (From combustion of nitrogen
rich fuels- 6% effect).
 Other minor gasses and vapours.

8. CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBAL WARMING
 Climate change
 Sea level rise
 Effect on species distribution
 Water scarcity etc….
MEASURES TO CHECK GLOBAL WARMING
 Afforestation
 Use of natural gas in place of coal
 Control population growth
 Use renewable sources of energy

9. DESERTIFICATION
 Desertification is a type of land degradation in
which relatively dry area of land becomes
increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of
water as well as vegetation and wildlife.
 When deserts appear automatically over the
natural course of a planet's life cycle, then it
can be called a natural phenomenon.
 When deserts appear by the overexploitation
of resources by humans then it is called as
anthropogenic phenomenon.

10. CAUSES OF DESERTIFICATION
 Droughts
 Overgrazing
 Deforestation
 Runoff off of top layer of soil etc...
 Floods etc…

11. CONSEQUENCES OF DESERTIFICATION
 Poverty
 Hunger
 Poor water quality are some of the main
consequences of desertification.
CONTROL MEASURES
 Education
 Awareness Programmes
 Managed grazing
 Afforestation etc..

12. “The best time for planting trees was before twenty years , but the next best
time is today”…………Go Green and save the Globe (Chinese Proverb)