Prepared by: Hernandez, Ma. Michellle G. Merida, Stephanie Jean L. Cudiamat, John Paul P. Submitted to: Mr. Melvin Hate

1. FEMINISM
By: Ma.Michelle Hernandez
Stephanie Jean Merida
John Paul Cudiamat

2. What is FEMINISM?
It is the advocacy of
women’s rights on the
grounds of political, social,
and economic equality of
men.

3. When did it start?
Feminism began in the Western world in the
late 19th century and has gone through waves. First-
wave feminism was oriented around the station of
middle or upper class white women and involved
suffrage and political equality.
Second-wave is a period of feminist activity
that first began in early 1960s in the United States
and eventually spread throughout the Western world
and beyond.

4. Founder of Feminism
Wilhelmina Ducker (1847-
1925) was a politician, prolific writer
and peace activist, who fought for the
vote and equal rights through political
and feminist organization she
founded. In 1917-1919 her goal of
women’s suffrage was reached

5. Organization Founder
of Feminism

6. Betty Friedan was an
American writer, activist, and
feminist. A leading figure in the
women's movement in the
United States, her 1963 book
The Feminine Mystique is
often credited with sparking
the second wave of American
feminism in the 20th century.

7. Adeline Virginia Woolf
was an English writer, considered one
of the most important modernist 20th-
century authors and a pioneer in the
use of stream of consciousness as a
narrative device. Woolf was born into
an affluent household in South
Kensington, London, the seventh child
in a blended family of eight.

8. Gloria Marie Steinem is
an American feminist, journalist,
and social political activist who
became nationally recognized as a
leader and a spokeswoman for the
American feminist movement in the
late 1960s and early 1970s.
Steinem was a columnist for New
York magazine, and a co-founder of
Ms. magazine.

9. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
was an American suffragist, social
activist, abolitionist, and leading
figure of the early women's rights
movement.

10. Emma Goldman was an
anarchist political activist and writer.
She played a pivotal role in the
development of anarchist political
philosophy in North America and
Europe in the first half of the 20th
century. Born in Kovno, Russian
Empire to a Jewish family, Goldman
emigrated to the United States in
1885.

11. FAMOUS FEMINISM

12. Angelina Jolie aside from her
existing work as an UN diplomat, actress
and philanthropist in 2013, when
Angelina Jolie choose to share her
double mastectomy story, she changed
the face of breast cancer awareness. In
personal essay, Jolie revealed how
health decision empowered her as a
woman while encouraging other woman
to come forward with their own breast
cancer stories.

13. Ana Theresia "Risa" Navarro
Hontiveros-Baraque (born
February 24, 1966) is a Filipino
socialist activist, politician, and
journalist who was the
representative of Akbayan in
the House of Representatives
of the Philippines from 2004 to
2010. She currently serves as
a Senator of the Philippines
after a victory in the 2016
elections, placing ninth,
overall. She is the older sister
of journalists and television
hosts Ginggay and Pia
Hontiveros.

14. TYPES OF FEMINISM

15. LIBERAL FEMINISM
Liberal feminism advocates for equality between the
sexes through social and political reforms, and legal means.
Liberal feminists stress on the importance of an individual, and
believe that every woman can assert her place in society and
gain the rights she deserves. Some very important objectives of
liberal feminism are abortion rights, equal pay for male and
female employees, educational rights, voting rights, childcare,
health care, etc. Liberal feminism leans more towards 'sameness'
perspective, and seeks to bring about a change only in the
present state of society, and not a revolution as such.

16. RADICAL FEMINISM
Though many see radical feminism as an undesirable type of the
concept, it is actually responsible for development of many thoughts, ideas, and
actions that would otherwise be shunned or avoided by the other types of
feminism. Radical feminism takes its name from the Latin word, which means
root. In context, radical feminism believes in 'going to the root' or source (of the
problem). Radical feminism believes that it is the male-dominated hierarchy (or
patriarchy) which is responsible for the oppressed status of women today.
According to this branch of feminism, if changes are not brought about in this
hierarchy, there can be no equality between men and women, and that a total
reconstruction of the society is necessary to bring about the desired reforms.
Over time, radical feminism has given birth to several sub-categories that each
focus on a particular issue with a similar approach.

17. CULTURAL FEMINISM
Some experts feel that cultural feminism is a branch of radical
feminism, while others feel that the two differ considerably. Cultural
feminism believes that the society needs a female 'essence' or a female
'nature'. This kind of feminism believes that the qualities present in
women are not only unique, but also superior than those present in
men. These qualities, say cultural feminists, are more of a
psychological and cultural nature than biological. These feminists
believe that the female essence should be celebrated, and infused with
the male-dominated world to provide the right balance to the working
of society.

18. SOCIALIST AND MARXIST FEMINISM
✦ This type of feminism believes that the oppressed status of women can be attributed
to the unequal treatment at both the workplace, and in the house. Financial and
personal exploitation, the institution of marriage, childbirth and childcare, prostitution,
and domestic work, according to socialist feminists, are tools for degrading women,
and the work that they do, in a male-dominated society. They believe in work that
causes reforms in the society as a whole, and not on an individual or community level.
✦ Marx was of the opinion that the capitalist system was to blame for the inequalities
faced by the working classes, and the removal of the capitalist system would remove
these inequalities, which would ultimately reduce gender inequalities as well. This is
the attitude adopted by Marxist feminism. Many socialist and Marxist feminists put
these philosophies together to achieve gender equality in both the professional as well
as personal spheres. Socialist and Marxist feminism often considers itself to be a sub-
category of radical feminism, only referring to a different 'root of all problems', which is
the economic system.

19. ECOFEMINISM
Ecofeminism is actually the combination of ecology, and
feminism, that dwells on the symbolic relationship between the
oppression of women, and the destruction of the environment. It is
actually a little philosophical, and spiritual in nature, and hence has
been a target of critics for a long time. Ecofeminism believes that
the destruction of environment and the oppression of women in
society are symbolically related to one another. According to this
theory, just like men control and destroy the environment for their
own benefit and pleasure, they control and oppress women too, for
the same reason. Ecofeminism advocates that women should try
to reduce the destruction of the environment as much as possible,
and create and maintain a healthy environment to repair social as
well environmental injustice.

20. BLACK FEMINISM
Black feminism believes that racism and gender
discrimination are two sides of the same coin. The liberation
and freedom from oppression of black women would ensure
equality for everyone, according to Black Feminists, who refer
to themselves as 'Womanists'. Black feminism believes that if
the liberation of black women is successful, it would mean the
liberation of all women, racial discrimination, as well as
discrimination based on economic classes.

21. SEPARATIST FEMINISM
Separatist feminism is against the concept of heterosexual
relationships, saying that it is not possible to solve the sexual
differences that exist between a man and a woman. Separatist
feminists believe that no man can contribute positively to the
feminist movement, and hence it is just better to shun relationships
with men, as even the most radical of men display signs of
patriarchy somewhere or the other.

22. I-FEMINISM
I-feminism is a newer branch of feminism which focuses on the individuality
of women, as well as their individual choices. I-feminists account for freedom, peace,
and harmony in society based on individual choices, and support every personal
choice, from heterosexual relationships to homosexual relationships to pornography.
I-feminism activists feel that each woman is responsible for her life, her status, and
her choices. They do not expect the government to help them specifically to achieve
these targets; they believe that each woman can achieve her personal targets and be
personally responsible for them.
Equality does not exist in a society where males feel they are superior to
females in any way, be it in driving, intelligence, at the workplace, in handling
finances, in making decisions, or even in handling an entire country. Similarly,
feminism does not exist when women believe they are superior to men in any way.
Feminism advocates for complete equality between the two sexes― there should be
no hierarchy, and no social pyramid.

23. THANK YOU!!!