The prime concern of this project is to develop a system that is more friendly for all but especially blind, elderly(senile) people so that they can use it with more ease as it is self-controlled. It will also reduce human efforts to great extent. It is used for maximizing user’s comfort offering an easy way to personalize home.

1. VOICE CONTROLLED SMART HOME-AUTOMATION
SYSTEM
GROUP MEMBERS:
NAME ROLL NO.
SAURABH ANAND 20162046
SRIJAN KUMAR JHA 20162002
MADHURIMA JOSH 20162069
GAURAV KUMAR 20162024
KRISHNA KUMAR 20162061
BIRAJ DEY 20162047
Session 2019-2020
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Dr. Abhijit Mitra
DEPT. OF E.C.E.
UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
BURDWAN-713104

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to make my deepest appreciation and gratitude to Dr. Abhijit Mitra for his
invaluable guidance, constructive criticism and encouragement during the course of this
project.
Thanks to Bibhash Kumar Pramanik for being uniformly excellent advisor. He was always
open, helpful and provided strong broad idea.
I am also grateful to Prof. Partha Pratim Sarthi, Head of the
Department, Electronics communication Engineering for providing the necessary opportunities
for the completion of this project.

3. [1] ABSTRACT:
This project is based on a wireless home automation system prototype
with the main focus of being “smarter” than it was. Here, we will strive to
make a home “smarter”in which the electrical appliances can be controlled
by its own or as well as owners by assessing the surrounding physical
parameters. The system will be programmed in such a way that first it will
sense the temperature as well humidity and then it will turn on/off the
appliances such as AC etc. by its own if it is above/below some threshold
temperature.
[2] OBJECTIVE:
The prime concern of this project is to develop a system that is more friendly for all
but especially blind, elderly(senile) people so that they can use it with more ease as
it is self-controlled. It will also reduce human efforts to great extent. It is used for
maximizing user’s comfort offering an easy way to personalize home.
[3] BACKGROUND:
Automation is the transfer of tasks normally by humans to a set of technological
elements. Although it seems a recent technology and currently is in full development,
automation dates back to ancient times.
Earlier similar work has been done and after extensive research from [2]
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a4f6/49c50b328705540652cb26e0e8a1830ff676.pdf.We
found that this idea can be evolved further by adding in voice control portion through
mobile applications.[7]
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282055009_Design_of_an_Intelligent_Voice_Control
led_Home_Automation_System from this reference, we can find that it is useful for
common people but not for elderly and disabled ones . So, we have tried to find out
solutions to this problem and add in some advantage for the elderly and disabled ones.

4. [4] WORK DONE:
Till now date we have managed to control appliances through smartphones. At first,
we had tried to control appliances by voice of owners. Then, again after going doing
and going through some journals we finally reached to the point where it can sense
by its own and can also control devices with human voice.
In this project we have mainly worked on two ideas which are given as below……
1.Temperature
In this part we had tried to show the temperature of any room which will control the
switching of light in any room. In particular if the temperature of the room goes
beyond 21 degree Celsius then bulb will glow. On the other hand, if the temperature
of the room remains 21 or below that then the bulb will not glow. This whole process
will have an intermediator between them i.e. relay which will help high power
devices such as bulb in this case to be controlled by Arduino(a low power device).
2.Bluetooth
Here, we had tried to show the voice control part of the project in which a bulb
powered through a.c. supply is turned off/on by human voice. If we say turn on the
light then the led will glow else it will not glow. It will demonstrate us that we can
control the light of a room by voice.

5. Fig. 1

6. [5] ASSOCIATED HARDWARE:
[5.1] Arduino (Mega)
Fig.2
Arduino Mega depends on the ATmega2560 microcontroller. It includes digital input/output
pins-54, where 16 pins are analog inputs, 14 are used like PWM outputs hardware serial ports
(UARTs) – 4, a crystal oscillator-16 MHz, an ICSP header, a power jack, a USB connection, as well
as an RST button. This board mainly includes everything which is essential for supporting the
microcontroller. So, the power supply of this board can be done by connecting it to a PC using a
USB cable, or battery or an AC-DC adapter. This board can be protected from the unexpected

7. electrical discharge by placing a base plate. The SCL & SDA pins of Mega 2560 R3 board connects
to beside the AREF pin. Additionally, there are two latest pinslocated near the RST pin. One pin is
the IOREF that permit the shields to adjust the voltage offered from the Arduino board. Another
pin is not associated & it is kept for upcoming purposes. These boards work with every existing
shield although can adjust to latest shields which utilize these extra pins.
Every pin of this board comes by a particular function which isallied with it. All analog pins of this
board can be used as digital I/O pins. By using this board, the Arduino mega projected can be
designed. These boards offer flexible work memory space is the more & processing power that
permits to work with different types of sensorswithout delay. When we compare with other types
of Arduino boards, these boards are physically superior. These pins are used for providing o/p
regulated voltage approximately 5V. This RPS (regulated power supply) provides the power to the
microcontroller as well as other componentswhich are used over the Arduino mega board. It can
be attained from Vin-pin of the board or one more regulated voltage supply-5V otherwise USB
cable, whereas another voltage regulation can be offered by 3.3V0-pin. The max power can be
drawn by this is 50mA.
GND Pin
The Arduino mega board includes 5-GND pinswhere one of these pinscan be used whenever the
project requires.
Reset (RST) Pin
The RST pin of this board can be used for rearranging the board. The board can be rearranged by
setting this pin to low.
Vin Pin
The range of supplied input voltage to the board ranges from 7volts to 20volts. The voltage
providedbythe powerjack canbe accessed throughthispin.However, theoutput voltagethrough
this pin to the board will be automatically set up to 5V.
Serial Communication
The serial pins of this board like TXD and RXD are used to transmit & receive the serial data. Tx
indicates the transmission of information whereasthe RX indicates receive data. The serial pins of
this board have four combinations. For serial 0, it includes Tx (1) and Rx (0), for serial 1, it includes
Tx(18) & Rx(19), for serial 2 it includes Tx(16) & Rx(17), and finally for serial 3, it includes Tx(14) &
Rx(15).

8. External Interrupts
The external interrupts can be formed by using 6-pins like interrupt 0(0), interrupt 1(3), interrupt
2(21), interrupt 3(20), interrupt 4(19), interrupt 5(18). These pins produce interrupts by a number
of waysi.e. Providing LOW value, rising or falling edge or changing the value to the interrupt pins.
LED
This Arduino board includes a LED and that is allied to pin-13 which is named asdigital pin 13. This
LED can be operated based on the high and low values of the pin. This will give youto modify the
programming skills in real time.
AREF
The term AREF stands for Analog Reference Voltage which isa reference voltage for analog inputs
Analog Pins
There are 16-analog pins included on the board which is marked as A0-A15. It is very important to
know that all the analog pins on this board can be utilized like digital I/O pins. Every analog pin is
accessible with the 10-bit resolution which can gauge from GND to 5 volts. But, the higher value
can be altered using AREF pin as well as the function of analog Reference ().
I2C
The I2C communicationcanbesupportedby twopinsnamely20 & 21 where 20-pinsignifies Serial
Data Line (SDA) which is used for holdingthedata & 21-pinsignifies Serial Clock Line (SCL)mostly
utilized for offering data synchronization among the devices
SPI Communication
The term SPIis a serial peripheralinterfacewhich isused to transmit the data amongthecontroller
& other components. Four pins like MISO (50), MOSI (51), SCK (52), and SS (53) are utilized for the
communication of SPI.
In this project, we have used it to setup smooth functioning of all other remaining components
such as buzzer, lcd, dht 11 sensor etc.

9. [5.2] Bluetooth module (HC-05)
The HC-05 is a very cool module which can add two-way (full-duplex) wireless functionality
to your projects. You can use this module to communicate between two microcontrollers
like Arduino or communicate with any device with Bluetooth functionality like a Phone or
Laptop. There are many android applications that are already available which makes this
process a lot easier. The HC-05 has two operating modes, one is the Data mode in which it can
send and receive data from other Bluetooth devices and the other is the AT Command mode
where the default device settings can be changed.
Fig.3
It is very easy to pair the HC-05 module with microcontrollers because it operates using the Serial
Port Protocol (SPP). Simply power the module with +5V and connect the Rx pin of the module to
the Tx of MCU and Tx pin of module to Rx of MCU as shown in the figure below

10. During power up the key pin can be grounded to enter into Command mode, if left free it will by
default enter into the data mode. As soon as the module is powered you should be able to discover
the Bluetooth device as “HC-05” then connect with it using the default password 1234 and start
communicating with it. The name password and other default parameters can be changed by
entering into the
Bluetooth serial modules allow all serial enabled devices to communicate with each other
using Bluetooth.
It has 6 pins,
1. Key/EN: It is used to bring Bluetooth module in AT commands mode. If Key/EN pin is set
to high, then this module will work in command mode. Otherwise by default it is in data
mode. The default baud rate of HC-05 in command mode is 38400bps and 9600 in data
mode.
HC-05 module has two modes,
1. Data mode: Exchange of data between devices.
2. Command mode: It uses AT commands which are used to change setting of HC-
05. To send these commands to module serial (USART) port is used.
2. VCC: Connect 5 V or 3.3 V to this Pin.
3. GND: Ground Pin of module.
4. TXD: Transmit Serial data (wirelessly received data by Bluetooth module transmitted out
serially on TXD pin)
5. RXD: Receive data serially (received data will be transmitted wirelessly by Bluetooth
module).
6. State: It tells whether module is connected or not.

11. We have used this module to set up communication between Arduino and Bluetooth device i.e.,
mobile or laptop or lcd.
[5.3] DHT 11 sensor
Fig.4
DHT11 isa low-cost digital sensor for sensing temperature and humidity. Thissensor can be easily
interfaced with any micro-controller such asArduino, Raspberry Pi etc… to measure humidity and
temperature instantaneously.
Working Principle of DHT11 Sensor
DHT11 sensor consists of a capacitive humidity sensing element and a thermistor for sensing
temperature. The humidity sensing capacitor has two electrodes with a moisture holding
substrate as a dielectric between them. Change in the capacitance value occurswith the change in
humidity levels. The IC measure, process this changed resistance values and change them into
digital form.
For measuringtemperature this sensoruses a Negative Temperature coefficientthermistor,which
causes a decrease in its resistance value with increase in temperature. To get larger resistance
value even forthe smallest changeintemperature,this sensorisusually madeup ofsemiconductor
ceramics or polymers.

12. Thetemperature rangeofDHT11 is from0 to 50 degreeCelsius witha 2-degreeaccuracy.Humidity
range of thissensor is from 20 to 80% with 5%accuracy. The sampling rate of thissensor is 1Hz i.e.
it gives one reading for every second. DHT11 is small in size with operating voltage from 3 to 5
volts. The maximum current used while measuring is 2.5mA.
This module will basically help us to determine exact temperature and humidity of any given
room.
[5.4] Relay(5V)
Fig.5

13. The main operation of this device is to make or break contact with the help of a signal without
any human involvement in order to switch it ON or OFF. It is mainly used to control a high-
powered circuit using a low power signal. Generally a DC signal is used to controlcircuit which
is driven by high voltage like controlling AC home appliances with DC signals from
microcontrollers. Relays are usually SPDT or DPDT but they can have many more sets
of switch contacts, for example relays with 4 sets of changeover contacts are readily
available.
Most relays are designed for PCB mounting but you can solder wires directly to the
pins providing you take care to avoid melting the plastic case of the relay.
The relay's switch connections are usually labelled COM, NC and NO:
COM = Common, always connect to this, it is the moving part of the switch.
NC = Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is off.
NO = Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is on.
Connect to COM and NO if you want the switched circuit to be on when the relay
coil is on.
Connect to COM and NC if you want the switched circuit to be on when the relay
coil is off.
Here, we have used this relay to switch on/off high power devices such as bulb or a.c.

14. [5.5] LCD display(16x2)
Fig.6
An LCD is an electronic display module which uses liquid crystal to produce a visible image.
The 16×2 LCD display is a very basic module commonly used in DIYs and circuits. The
16×2 translates to a display 16 characters per line in 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is
displayed in a 5×7pixel matrix.
It will help us to know the temperature of a roomfrom any other remaining rooms in a house. For
this we have also used a 12c lcd controller to control the lcd operations.
[5.6] Buzzer

15. Fig.7
A buzzer is a small yet efficient component to add sound features to our
project/system. It is very small and compact 2-pin structure hence can be easily used
on breadboard, Perf Board and even on PCBs which makes this a widely used
component in most electronic applications. The long terminal is positive and the short
terminal is negative.
This small 2 pin structure will help us to monitor the threshold temperature by an
alarming sound.

16. [6] ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE:
[6.1] Arduino IDE
This is a software which will enables us to use all modules smoothly. The code for
the smart home automation is given below.
#define lcd 5
#include<SimpleDHT.h>
// for DHT11,
// VCC: 5V or 3V
// GND: GND
// DATA: 2
int pinDHT11 = 9;
SimpleDHT11 dht11(pinDHT11);
int led=8;
int buzzer=7;
void setup() {
pinMode(lcd, OUTPUT);
pinMode(8,OUTPUT);
pinMode(7,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
if (Serial.available())
{
String voice = Serial.readString();

17. Serial.println(voice);
if(voice == "turn on the light")
{
Serial.println("turnon the light");
digitalWrite(lcd, HIGH);
}
else if(voice == "turn off the light")
{
Serial.println("turn off the light");
digitalWrite(lcd, LOW);
}
}
Serial.println("=================================");
Serial.println("SampleDHT11...");
// read without samples.
byte temperature= 0;
byte humidity = 0;
int err = SimpleDHTErrSuccess;
if ((err = dht11.read(&temperature, &humidity, NULL)) !=
SimpleDHTErrSuccess) {
Serial.print("Read DHT11 failed, err=");
Serial.println(err);delay(1000);
return;
}
Serial.print("SampleOK: ");
Serial.print((int)temperature);Serial.print("*C, ");

18. Serial.print((int)humidity); Serial.println("H");
// DHT11 sampling rate is 1HZ.
delay(500);
if(temperature==18)
{
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH);
Serial.println("buzzeron");
}
else
{
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW);
}
if (temperature>20){
digitalWrite(led ,HIGH);
Serial.println("ledon");
}
else{
digitalWrite(led,LOW);
}
}

19. [7] FUTURE WORKS:
 We will try to make a system in which dust control can also be
integrated which will be a great solution for hospitals as there
will be no inconvenience for patients with disabilities.
 We can implement a small house model to demonstrate the
entire home automation system.
 We can also add some body sensor to the system so that it can
sense any person entering/closingthe room and after that it can
switch on/off lights, fan etc.
[8] REFERENCES:
[1]https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266373446_Android_Controlled_Hom
e_Automation
[2].https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a4f6/49c50b328705540652cb26e0e8a1830ff67
6.pdf
[3].https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282055009_Design_of_an_Intelligent
_Voice_Controlled_Home_Automation_System
[4]. https://components101.com/

20. [5]. https://electronicsforu.com/
[6]. https://www.elprocus.com/
[7].https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317386416_Voice_Controlled_Home_
Automation_System
[8].https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304417746_Smart_Living_Using_Blu
etooth-Based_Android_Smartphone