2. • Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of
abnormal cells anywhere in a body -
cancer cell.
• It is also called malignancy.
• Causative agents - chemical, toxic
compound exposures ,ionizing radiation,
some pathogens.
• Most cancer form tumors ,but not all
tumors are cancerous.
INTRODUCTION
3. DEFINITION
•A disease in which
abnormal cells divide in
uncontrolled way and
destroy body tissue.
5. • Early cancer no symptoms
• Change in bowel habits or bladder functions
Sores that do not heal
• Unusual bleeding or discharge Lumps or
thickening of breast or other parts of the body
• Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
• Recent change in wart or mole Persistent
coughing or hoarseness
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
6. • Eating a healthy diet.
• Exercising regularly.
• Limiting alcohol.
• Maintaining a healthy weight.
• Minimizing your exposure to radiation and toxic
chemicals .
• Not smoking or chewing tobacco
• Reducing sun exposure, especially if you burn
easily.
PREVENTION
7. • Avoid alcohol drinking
• Use of unnecessary drugs
• Protect relationship---disease is NOT a friend
LIMIT ALCOHOL
8. • Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of
preventable death
• • Second hand smoke affects everyone
AVOID SMOKING AND CHEWING TOBACCO
9. • • Cancer rates could decline by up to 20%if
everyone consumed5 fruits and vegetables
day!*
• • Cancer fighting substances
• :Antioxidants-
• Dietary fiber
• Arytenoids-
• Flavenoids
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES DECREASE CANCER RISK
10. • Surgery Chemotherapy
• Radiation
• Targeted Cancer Treatments
• Cell Based Immunotherapy
• Gene Therapy
TREATMENT
11. • Surgery is often the first line of choice for solid
tumors ,whenever possible.
• The size, type, location of tumor and factors
such as age, comorbid conditions of a patient
are key determinant factors in choosing
surgery.
SURGERY THERAPY
12. • Drugs used to kill cancer cells; disrupt some
aspect of cell division.
• Toxic to healthy cells ; hair, bone marrow,
lymphocytes, and epithelial cells of intestinal
lining
• Side effects include hair loss, nausea,
vomiting, and reduced immune responses.
Chemotherapy
13. • High-energy rays are used to kill cancer cells
• Stop them from growing and dividing.
• Radiotherapy is a local treatment; it can affect
cancer cells only in the treated area.
• side effects
• Tiredness, skin reactions such as rash or
redness, and loss of appetite.
• Temporary lowering of the WBC count.
Radiation therapy
14. • Monoclonal antibodies, interferon,
interleukin-2, and colony-stimulating factors.
• Side effects - Temporary flu-like symptoms
such as fever and chills, muscle aches and
weakness, loss of appetite and diarrhea.
Biological therapy
15. SUMMARY
• a Cancer is the uncontrolled and unregulated
growth of cells which metastasize through out
the body.
• Cancer is a genome disease at the cellular level.
• Changes in lifestyle can affect cancer risk.
• Protein kinases are important molecules in
carcinogenesis.
• Cancer genomics is being used to define
molecular targets for tumor-specific effects.
