Carcinomas. A carcinoma begins in the skin or the tissue that covers the surface of internal organs and glands. ...
Sarcomas. A sarcoma begins in the tissues that support and connect the body. ...
Leukemias. Leukemia is a cancer of the blood. ...
Lymphomas
3. Introduction
• A high intake of Antioxidants reduces
Cancer risk.
• Cancer treatments lead to oxidative
stress.
• Antioxidants fight against Free radicals.
4. What is Cancer?
• Refers to malignant neoplasm or tumor
• Mutation of cellular genes
• Uncontrolled growth
• Invasion
• Metastasis
5. What is Cancer?
• Exposure to chemical, physical &
biological factors
• Occur at any age
• In any part of the body
20. Dietary management
• Energy-(2000-
4000Kcal)
Degree of
malnutrition &
Body trauma
Excessive weight
loss
Increased
metabolic demands
Spare protein
• Protein-(80-100gm)
Tissue regeneration
Healing
Rehabilitation
Ensure anabolism
Positive nitrogen
balance
21. Dietary management
• Vitamins & minerals
Optimal recommended intake
Supplements according to nutritional
status
• Fluid
Increased to compensate losses
To help kidneys
Protect against irritation & inflammation
22. Antioxidants v/s
Cancer
• Antioxidants- a molecule capable of
inhibiting the oxidation
• prevents cellular damage
• Free radicals- atoms or group of atoms
with unpaired electrons
• Formed on oxidation
• Pathway for cancer, aging, and a variety
of diseases
23. Antioxidants v/s
Cancer
• Apoptosis- Process of programmed cell
death
• 50-70 billion cells/ day die
• Excess- Atrophy like, ischemic damage
• Insufficient- Uncontrolled cell growth
• Antioxidants induces Apoptosis in
Cancer cells
• Potential role in Cancer
24. Important antioxidants
• β- carotene
Lung cancer &
stomach, cervix,
esophageal,
throat, etc.
CV disease in
smokers
GLV’s, yellow-
orange fruits &
veggies
• Vitamin C
G.I. tract, cervix
cancer
CV disease
Citrus fruits,
sprouted pulses
25. Important antioxidants
• Vitamin E
Oral & pharyngeal
cancer
CV diseases
Cereals, cereal
products, oil seeds,
nuts
• Selenium, zinc,
copper & iron
Esophageal &
stomach cancer
Meats, seafood,
cereals & pulses
Oysters, liver,
mushroom, nuts,
chocolate
26. Important
phyto-chemicals
• Terpenes
Act as antioxidant
Inhibit tumor growth
Tomatoes, parsley, oranges & spinach
• Lycopene
Two times as powerful as β- carotene
Reduce risk of prostate cancer
Tomatoes
27. Important
phyto-chemicals
• Flavonoids & phenols
Scavenge free radical compounds
Reduce risk of cancer
Parsley, carrots, citrus fruits, cabbage,
cucumber, tomato, soy products, etc
• Isoflavones
Act as carcinogen blockers
Effective against hormone related cancers
Soya bean & products
28. Important
phyto-chemicals
• Thiols
Sulphur containing phytonutrient
Regulate detoxifying enzymes
garlic & broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage
etc.
• Lignans
Protect against hormone related
cancers
Flax seeds, wheat bran, barley etc.
29. Improving
antioxidant intake
• Try new fruit or vegetable each week
• Double the normal serving size for
vegetables
• Eat fruit with curd
• Incorporate veggies in cereals & pulses
• Eating fruit as a snack
• Adding veggies to favorite recipes
30. Lifestyle changes
• Stop using tobacco
• Limit alcohol consumption
• Maintain a reasonable weight
• Increase physical activity
• Eat 5-9 fruits and vegetables daily
• Increase fiber and reduce fat
• Limit exposure to the sun