Hello there! Hope these slide would be helpful to you😀. But please don't copyright it.

1. PRESENTATION OF
COMPUTER
(THE INTERNET AND ONLINE SERVICES)
PRESENTED BY:SMRITI GURUNG

2. THE
INTERNET
 Internet can be defined as a global network of
over a million of smaller heterogeneous
computer network.
 It is an network of networks that consists of
millions of millions of private, public , academic,
business and government networks, of local to
global scope that are linked by a board array of
electronic and optical networking technologies.
 It carries a vast ranges of information resources
and services, such as the inter linked hypertext
documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and
the infrastructure to support e-mail

3. ADVANTAGES
 Greater access to information
reduces research times.
 Useful communication links
 Global reach enable to connect to
anyone on the internet.
 Easy communication with other
people
 Publishing documents on the
companies to advertise and conduct
business.

4. DISADVANTAGES
 Cyber frauds may take place involving Credit/
debit card numbers and details.
 Unsuitable and undesirable materials available
that sometimes are used by notorious peoples
such as terrorist.
 Computer viruses get downloaded and spread
across machine connected to network and have
detrimental effects.
 Much of the information on the internet may
be incorrect or irrelevant.
 Message sent across the internet can be easily
intercepted and are open to abuse by others.

5. USES OF
INTERNET
 It allows easily to connect ordinary personal computers to share
huge pool of information.
 Companies carry out electronic commerce (commerce on
internet) including advertising, selling, buying , distributing
products and providing after sales services.
 Scientists and scholars use the internet to communicate with the
colleagues, to perform research, to distribute lecture notes and
course materials to the students and to publish papers and
article.
 The use of electronic mail (e-mail) over the internet has greatly
speeded the communication between companies among co-
workers and between other individuals.
 Hundreds of websites helps in handling daily transitions,
transfers , management and budget planning.
 Media and entertainment companies use the internet to broadcast
audio and video including live radio and television programs.

6. HISTORY
On October 29, 1969, an organization called ARPANET
(Advanced Research Projects Agency) launched the first
iteration of the internet (also known as ARPANET)
connecting four major computers at The University of
Utah, UCSB, UCLA, and Stanford Research Institute
Department . When this network of computers was
connected, universities were able to access files and
transmit information from one organization to the other,
as well as internally.
As researchers developed the system, they
continued to connect computers from other
universities, including MIT, Harvard, and
Carnegie Mellon. Eventually, ARPANET was
renamed “internet.”

7. MAJOR BREAKTHROUGHS
October 29, 1969: ARPANET (later renamed internet) created a successful connection between University of California Los Angeles and the Stanford Research
Institute.
Late 1960s: Libraries automate and network catalogs independent of ARPANET.
1970s: Transport Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is established, allowing for internet technology to mature. The invention of these protocols
helped to standardize how information was sent and received over the web.
1986: National Science Foundation funded NSFNET, which is the 56 Kbps backbone of the internet. There were commercial restrictions in place at this time
because federal funds were being used to run and maintain it.
1991: User-friendly internet interface was created.
July 1992: Delphi became the first national commercial online service to offer internet access.
May 1995: All commercial use limitations on the internet disappear. This allowed the internet to diversify and grow rapidly.
1997: Wi-Fi was invented.
1998: Windows 98 hit the market.
2007: Widespread smartphone adoption.
2009: 4G network is introduced.
Today: 3 billion people use the internet.

8. HOW THE INTERNET WORKS
The internet is a worldwide computer network that transmits a variety of data and media across interconnected
devices. It works by using a packet routing network that follows Internet Protocol (IP) and Transport Control
Protocol (TCP)
TCP and IP work together to ensure that data transmission across the internet is consistent and reliable, no
matter which device you’re using or where you’re using it.
When data is transferred over the internet, it’s delivered in messages and packets. Data sent over the internet is
called a message, but before messages get sent, they’re broken up into tinier parts called packets.
These messages and packets travel from one source to the next using Internet Protocol (IP) and Transport
Control Protocol (TCP). IP is a system of rules that govern how information is sent from one computer to another
computer over an internet connection.
Using a numerical address (IP Address) the IP system receives further instructions on how the data should be
transferred.
The Transport Control Protocol (TCP) works with IP to ensure transfer of data is dependable and reliable. This
helps to make sure that no packets are lost, packets are reassembled in proper sequence, and there’s no delay
negatively affecting the data quality.

9. WHO GOVERNS THE INTERNET
The short answer is that the Internet is basically not governed.
One component is governed, and that concerns domain names and
the associated IP addresses. There is an organization called the
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers or ICANN
that supervises this process which was set up by the United States
in 1998.

10. INTERNET
REQUIREMENTS
To connect to the Internet you need the following four things:
A computer.
A modem and telephone line (if you are using dial up access)
An Internet browser (software) and software to connect you to the ISP.
An account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) Souvenirs.
Note : An ISP is a company that provides individuals and other companies access to the
internet and other related services such as website building and virtual hosting.

11. WAYS TO CONNECT TO THE INTERNET
Through Broadcast Connection
ISDN
ADSL
Cable Internet
Through Wireless Connection
Wi-Fi
WiMAX
Mobile Broadcast Sticks
3G and 4G Cellular Communication

12. THROUGH BROADCAST CONNECTION
ISDN
It is a broadband digital access methods for consumers and business to connect to the
Internet.
ADSL
It is a technology for transmitting digital information at a high bandwidth on existing
phone lines to home and businesses.
Cable Internet
It is a form of broadband Internet access that uses the cable television infrastructure.

13. THROUGH WIRELESS CONNECTION
Wi-fi
Wi-Fi is the wireless technology used to connect computers, tablets, smartphones and other
devices to the internet. Wi-Fi is the radio signal sent from a wireless router to a nearby device,
which translates the signal into data you can see and use.
WiMAX
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a next-generation wireless
network communications technology. The technology is similar to Wi-Fi but provides high-
speed, broadband access over a larger area with less interference.
Mobile Broadcast Sticks
Mobile Broadcast Sticks are portable modems that plug into a USB port on your mobile device
and connect in via a cellular network. The advantage of it is that you can carry your Internet
connection with you.

14. WI-FI NEEDS FOLLOWING THINGS TO WORK:
Broadband Internet Connection
A wireless router, which relays your internet connection
from the "wall" (ISP) to the PC
A laptop or desktop with a wireless internet card or external
care or external wireless adapter

15. INTERNET SERVICES
Internet Services allows us to access huge amount of
information such as text, graphics, sound and software
over the internet.

16. E-MAIL
Email is information stored on a computer that is exchanged between two users over
telecommunications.
 More plainly, e-mail is a message that may contain text, files, images, or other attachments sent
through a network to a specified individual or group of individuals.
The first e-mail was sent by Ray Tomlinson in 1971. Tomlinson sent the e-mail to himself as a test e-
mail message, containing the text "something like QWERTYUIOP." However, despite sending the e-
mail to himself, the e-mail message was still transmitted through ARPANET.
By 1996, more electronic mail was sent than postal mail.
Some of the free email providers are:
Hotmail
Yahoo
Google

17. SOCIAL NETWORKING/ MEDIA
Social networking is the use of Internet-based social media platforms to stay connected with friends,
family, or peers.
Social media are interactive technologies that allow the creation or sharing/exchange of information,
ideas, career interests, and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.
Marketers use social networking for increasing brand recognition and encouraging brand loyalty.
Social media can help connect people and businesses and help promote brand awareness.
There are disadvantages related to social media, including the spread of misinformation and the high
cost of using and maintaining social network profiles.

18. WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
The World Wide Web (WWW), commonly known as the Web, is an information system where documents and other
web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators which may be interlinked by hyperlinks, and are
accessible over the Internet.
 The resources of the Web are transferred via the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), may be accessed by users
by a software application called a web browser, and are published by a software application called a web server.
Advantages
It is accessible from anywhere around the globe with the availability of the internet. You can get access to
information or make information accessible to the world.
 You can connect to people from anywhere by sitting in your home.
You can purchase products online from anywhere sitting in the comfort of your home.

19. FACEBOOK
Facebook is a popular free social networking website that allows registered users to create profiles, upload photos and video,
send messages and keep in touch with friends, family and colleagues.
In the marketing point of view, Facebook is valuable to create a brand not only for individuals but also for businesses at the
global level. The Facebook benefits include as a social networking pros provides benefits for business and individuals too, such
as making a group, chatting with clients, making an event, wall stickers, reliable platforms, news feed, etc. you can meet new
people & have knowledge of various places, traditions & culture. No doubt, Facebook is proved as a great option to connect
with the world these days. Moreover, now you can access Facebook free without Internet from any kind of mobile device.
Disadvantages
Addiction.
Loss of Productivity
Malware & Viruses
Identity Theft
Antisocial Behavior
Relationship Problems

20. GOOGLE+
Google+ (Google Plus) is an interest-based social networking site owned by Google Inc. Launched in
2011, this platform brings together people with similar interest. Such group of people can build a
community and share their ideas through photos and posts.
Some of the most prominent features of Google+ are as follows
Posts where one can update the status.
Circles are used to share information with different groups.
Sparks offer videos that users might like.
Hangouts & Huddles are for video chat with a friend or a group of friends.

21. LINKEDIN
LinkedIn is an American business and employment-oriented
online service that operates via websites and mobile apps.
Launched on May 5, 2003, the platform is mainly used for
professional networking, and allows job seekers to post their CVs
and employers to post jobs.

22. SEARCH ENGINE
A search engine is a software system that is designed to
carry out web searches. They search the World Wide
Web in a systematic way for particular information
specified in a textual web search query.

23. FILE TRANSFER
File transfer is the transmission of a computer file through a
communication channel from one computer system to another.
Typically, file transfer is mediated by a communications protocol.
In the history of computing, numerous file transfer protocols have
been designed for different contexts.

24. LIVE TELEVISION
Live television is a television production
broadcast in real-time, as events happen, in the
present. In a secondary meaning, it may refer to
streaming television over the Internet.

25. VIDEO CONFERENCE
Video conferencing (teleconferencing) is an online technology that allows users
in different locations to hold face-to-face meetings without having to move to a
single location together.
 This technology is particularly convenient for business users in different cities or
even different countries because it saves time, expenses, and hassles associated
with business travel.
Uses for video conferencing include holding routine meetings, negotiating
business deals, and interviewing job candidates.

26. USENET NEWSGROUPS
A Usenet newsgroup is a repository usually within the Usenet system, for
messages posted from users in different locations using Internet.
They are discussion groups and are not devoted to publishing news.
 Newsgroups are technically distinct from, but functionally similar to, discussion
forums on the World Wide Web.
Newsreader software is used to read the content of newsgroups.

27. REMOTE LOGIN (TELNET)
A remote login facility permits a user who is using one computer to interact with a program on
another computer.
The service extends the login concept used by conventional timesharing computer systems to
permit access to a remote timesharing system.
The Internet's remote login service is called TELNET. To use the service, one must invoke a
local application program and specify a remote machine.
Remote login is significant because it shows how the Internet can provide interactive services.
Unlike other available services, remote login does not merely transfer static data. Instead,
remote login permits a user to interact with a program that runs on a remote computer. The
remote program can respond to input from the user, and the user can respond to output the
display program displays.

28. E-COMMERCE
E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting
of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet. These business transactions occur
either as business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer or
consumer-to-business.
E-commerce typically uses the web for at least a part of a transaction's life cycle although it may also
use other technologies such as e-mail.
Typical e-commerce transactions include the purchase of products (such as books from amazon) or
services (such as music downloads in the form of digital distribution such as itunes store).
 There are three areas of e-commerce:
Online retailing
 Electronic markets
 Online auctions.

29. E-LEARNING
A learning system based on formalized teaching but with the help of electronic resources is
known as E-learning.
E-learning is training provided via a computer or other digital device, allowing technology to
facilitate learning anytime, anywhere.”
Advantages
E-learning saves time and money.
 E-learning is also cost-effective
Companies save a substantial amount on the travel and accommodation costs of both learners
and instructors, as well as the venue and materials.

30. E-BANKING
Electronic banking is use of computers and telecommunications to enable banking
transactions to be done by telephone or computer rather than through human interaction.
 Its features include electronic funds transfer for retail purchases, automatic teller machines
(ATMs), and automatic payroll deposits and bill payments.
Advantages
E-banking provides 24 hours, 365 days a year services to the customers of the bank.
It lowers the transaction cost.
 It inculcates a sense of financial discipline and promotes transparency.
Customers can make the transactions from office, home or while travelling via cellular
phones.

31. SHARING MEDIA
•Shared media refers to content which is shared across third party platforms, such as social media, or shared between multiple
owners, including people liking, commenting on or sharing someone's social media posts – it is the result of a shared
interaction.
•Social media provides a platform to actively engage with consumers and become part of a digital community – so by liking,
sharing and commenting on posts, you’re becoming part of the conversations and allow your brand’s voice to be heard.
•Example platforms includes:
Facebook
Instagram
Twitter
LinkedIn
YouTube
Pinterest

32. WEB CHAT
A web chat is a system that allows users to communicate in real-time using easily
accessible web interfaces.
 It is a type of Internet online chat distinguished by its simplicity and accessibility
to users who do not wish to take the time to install and learn to use specialized
chat software.
This trait allows users instantaneous access and only a web browser is required
to chat.
 Users will always get the latest version of a chat service because no software
installation or update are required.

33. ONLINE SHOPPING
• Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly
buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser or a mobile
app.
• Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by
searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine, which displays the
same product's availability and pricing at different e-retailers.
• As of 2020, customers can shop online using a range of different computers and devices,
including desktop computers, laptops, tablet computers and smartphones.

34. HOW CAN WE GET JOB
OPPORTUNITIES IN INTERNET ?
 Instead of the streets, hit the Net in your search for a new job.
 Job Listings. The Internet can expand your job search by putting
thousands of recruitment ads at your fingertips.
 Social Media.
 Researching Employers.
 Researching Pay.
 Presenting Your Resume

35. ORGANIZATIONAL INTERNET
Nearly organization today uses the internet to promote its products and
provides services to its consumers.
These organizations have found the internet and web to be powerful yet to
use tools for researching the public
They have found that they can apply internet technologies within their
organization to connect their organizations to connect their own employees
and connect to their own employees and to connect other organizations . These
networks are called intranet and extranet.

36. INTRANET
An intranet is a computer network for
sharing information, collaboration tools,
operational systems, and other computing
services within an organization, usually to
the exclusion of access by outsiders.

37. EXTRANET
 Extranet is a controlled private network that allows access to
partners, vendors and suppliers or an authorized set of customers –
normally to a subset of the information accessible from an
organization's intranet.

39. INTERNET CRIMES AND SECURITY
•Cybercrime is any criminal activity that involves a computer, networked device or a network.
•Cybercrime Issues
•Types of cybercrime
•Email and internet fraud.
•Identity fraud (where personal information is stolen and used).
•Theft of financial or card payment data.
•Theft and sale of corporate data.
•Cyberextortion (demanding money to prevent a threatened attack).
•Ransomware attacks (a type of cyberextortion).

40. WAYS FOR BEING
SAFE FROM
INTERNET CRIME
 Keep Personal Information Professional and Limited
 Keep Your Privacy Settings On
 Practice Safe Browsing
 Make Sure Your Internet Connection is Secure. Use a Secure
VPN Connection
 Be Careful What You Download
 Choose Strong Passwords
 Make Online Purchases From Secure Sites
 Be Careful What You Post
 Be Careful Who You Meet Online
 Keep Your Antivirus Program Up To Date

42. *THANK YOU*