IKEA was founded in 1926 by Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden. It started as a small business selling pens and seeds but began focusing on furniture retailing in the 1940s. In the 1960s, IKEA developed its concept of flat-pack furniture that customers assemble themselves, allowing it to offer affordable prices. It expanded internationally in the 1980s and continues growing, now focusing on home furnishings and markets in countries like Japan and Russia.