This document discusses genetic algorithms, which are adaptive heuristic search algorithms inspired by Darwin's theory of natural selection. Genetic algorithms reflect the process of selection of the fittest through techniques like tournament selection, crossover and mutation to generate high quality solutions to optimization problems. The algorithm iterates through selection, crossover and mutation until certain stopping criteria are met, such as reaching a fixed number of generations, achieving a satisfactory fitness level, or convergence. Genetic algorithms have applications in fields like automotive design and robotics to optimize designs and components.