2. Genetics
• Genetics is the study
of genes, genetic variation,
and heredity in
living organisms.
• It is generally considered a
field of biology, but
intersects frequently with
many other life sciences and
is strongly linked with the
study of information
systems.
3.
4.
5. Mendelian inheritance
• Mendelian inheritance is a
type
of biological inheritance tha
t follows the laws originally
proposed by Gregor
Mendel in 1865 and 1866
and re-discovered in 1900.
• In 1900, his work was "re-
discovered" by three
European scientists, Hugo
de Vries, Carl Correns,
and Erich von Tschermak.
6. Mendel's laws
• He conceived the idea of
heredity units, which he
called "factors". Mendel
found that there are
alternative forms of
factors—now called genes.
• The alternative "forms" are
now called alleles. For
each biological trait, an
organism inherits two
alleles, one from each
parent.
7. Mendel's laws
• The genotype of an
individual is made up of the
many alleles it possesses.
• An individual's physical
appearance, or phenotype,
is determined by its alleles
as well as by its
environment.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13. Mendelian trait
• A Mendelian trait is one
that is controlled by a
single locus in an
inheritance pattern.
• In such cases, a mutation in
a single gene can cause a
disease that is inherited
according to Mendel's laws.
• Examples include sickle-cell
anemia, Tay-Sachs
disease, cystic fibrosis
