Introduction,Uses,Classification,Most commonly used Polymers,Properties of polymers.

1. POLYMERS
By:
SHEETAL SURAGOUD
KLE College of pharmacy, Hubballi.

2. Definition:
 Polymers are long chain organic molecules assembled
from many smaller molecules called as monomers.

3. Introduction:
 Polymers are becoming increasingly important in the
field of drug delivery.
 Polymers are used as binders in tablets to viscosity and
flow controlling agents in liquids, suspensions, emulsions.
 They can also be used as film coating in tablets to mask
the unpleasant taste of a drug, to enhance drug stability
and to modify drug release characteristics.

4. Suspending
agent
Emulsifying
agent
Adhesive
agent
Coating
agent
Adjuvant
Binder
Uses

5. Polymers
Natural polymers
Protein based
Polysaccharides
Synthetic
polymers
Biodegradable
Non-
biodegradable
Classification of
polymers

6. Classification of polymers used in CDDS
1. Natural polymers
a) Protein- Based polymer : Collagen, Albumin, Gelatin.
b) Polysaccharides : Alginate, Cyclodextrin, Chitosan, Dextran, Agarosa,
Starch, Cellulose.
2. Synthetic polymers
I. Biodegradable polymer:
a) Polyester: Poly lactic acid, Poly glycolic acid, Poly hydroxyl butyrate,
Polyester, Polycaprolactone, Poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) , Poly
diaxone.

7. b) Polyanhydride: Poly adepic acid, Poly sebacic acid, Poly terpthalic
acid.
c) Polyamides: Poly amino acid, Poly imino carbonate.
d) Phosphorous based polymer: Polyphosphates,
Poly phosphazenes.
e) Others: Poly cyanoacrylates, Poly urethanes, Poly ortho ester,
Polyacetals etc.
II. Non- Biodegradable polymers
a) Cellulose derivatives: Carboxy methyl cellulose, Ethyl cellulose,
Cellulose acetate hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose.
b) Silicons: Polymethyl siloxane, Colloidal silica, Polymethacrylate,
Polymethyl methacrylate.
c) Others: Poly vinyl pyrolidine, Ethyl vinyl acetate, Poloxamine etc.

8. Classification of polymers used in SRDDS
Polymer characteristics Material
 Insoluble, Inert polymer
 Insoluble, Erodible
polymer
 Hydrophilic polymer
 Polyethylene, Polyvinyl chloride,
Ethyl cellulose.
 Stearyl alcohol, Stearic acid,
Polyethylene, Glycol, Castor
wax, Polyethylene glycol,
Monostearate.
 Methyl cellulose, Hydroxyethyl
cellulose, HPMC, Sodium CMC,
Carboxypolymethylene.

9. 37%
26%
21%
16%
Polypropylene Polyvinyl chloride
Polystyrene High density polyehylene
Most commonly used polymers

10. Properties
of polymers
Physical Chemical
Chain length
Side groups
Branching
Cross-linking
Ionic bonding
Hydrogen
bonding

11. Properties of polymers
A. Physical properties:
 Chain length: Longer the chains stronger the polymer.
 Side groups: Polar side groups give stronger attraction between polymer
chains, making the polymer stronger.
 Branching: Straight, unbranched chain can pack together more closely
than highly branched chains, giving polymers that are more crystalline
and therefore stronger.
 Cross-linking: If polymer chains are linked together extensively by
covalent bonds, the polymer is harder and more difficult to melt.

12. B. Chemical properties
 Different side groups on the polymer can lend to
-Ionic bonding
-Hydrogen bonding.
 Polymers containing amide or carbonyl group can form hydrogen bonds
between adjacent chains.
 Dipole bonding is not as strong as hydrogen bonding.

13. Reference:
 Controlled and Novel Drug Delivery by N.K.Jain: pg no: 27-
51.
 Controlled Drug Delivery Concepts and Advances by
S.P.Vyas Roop K.Khar: pg no: 97-155.
 Polymer sciences, by V.R. Gowariker, N.V.Vishwanathan and
Jaydev Sreedhar, new age international limited publication.

14. THANK YOU
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