To understand the definition of telemedicine Knowing the history of telemedicine To understand the advantages of telemedicine Telemedicine during COVID 19 Future of telemedicine Benefits of telemedicine

1. Telemedicine history
Dr. Shazia Iqbal
Assistant Professor
Director of Medical Education Unit
Faculty of Medicine
Alfarabi College of Medicine, Riyadh
siqbal@alfarabi.edu.sa
View my Linkedin Profile
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4890-5864

2. Objective
 To understand the definition of telemedicine
 Knowing the history of telemedicine
 To understand the advantages of telemedicine
 Telemedicine during COVID 19
 Future of telemedicine
 Benefits of telemedicine

3. Telemedicine
 Telemedicine is defined as the use of tele communications, the
deliver health care expert sharing of medical knowledge with
persons are distance locations. It is transfer of medical data for
Consultations
 Diagnosis
 Support for ClinicalCase
 Containing Medical Educations
 Medical Data Such as High resolution photography , Radiological
images , Sound and Patient records , Electronic signals via the
internet Personal Computers (PLS) ,Telephone Lines

4. HISTORYOF
TELEMEDICINE
 Telegraphs sent by Union on battened to rest areas with casualty
reports and to order medical supplies
 Around 1906, DrWillem Einthovenee telephone wtres to transmit
an EKG from one part of a hospital to another
 Wireless 2-way radio communication was used by miltary inWWI
and Korea to send word to hospitals/hospital ships about
casualties

6.  STARPAHC 1972 to 1975 NASA begins trials of STARPAHC (Space
TechnologyApplied to Rural PapagoAdvanced Health Care) on
reservations in Arizona using 2-way microwave transmissions to
connect rural areas, both stationary and mobile, with medical
centers in Phoenix andTucson.
 1960's Nebraska State Hospital used 2-way closed circuitTV to
another hospital 112 miles away for consultations and education. •
NASA developed telemedicine for astronauts. Boston's Logan
Airport used closed circuit black and whiteTV to link its clinic with
Mass.General Hospital. - Study of 1000 patients. FirstTelenursing
report.
 1980's saw little growth in telemedicine. One notable achievement
was in 1989. U.S. set up satellite communications between 4 U.S.
medical centers and hospitals in Armenia following the Armenia
earthquakeThen came the 1990's

8. 1990's and
Internet
 Digital Images and Sound
Video Devices Smaller/Better Picture Quality Infrastructure
Development 1993 AmericanTelemedicine Association (ATA)
Formed
Cell phoneTechnology
1997 "Telemedicine Report to Congress"

9. 2000's 2001
 Update to the "Telemedicine Report to Congress"
This included concrete recommendations
Action plans for specific government agencies Established O.A.T.
(Office for Advancement ofTelehealth) under Department of
Health and Human Services
Medicare and Medicaid
Veterans Administration
HD video and flat-screen monitors
Improved bandwidth fiber optic cable
Military applications in Iraq and Afghanistan
More rural connections
Entire states becoming wired for telehealth services
Smart phone technology
Information over Internet increasing (webMD)

10. What is
teleconsultation?
 Teleconsultation, sometimes referred to as remote consultation or
telehealth, refers to
 interactions that happen between a clinician and a patient for the
purpose of providing
 diagnostic or therapeutic advice through electronic means.

11. What are the
minimum
technology
requirements for
running a
teleconsultation?
 In general terms, for a teleconsultation, it is necessary to have an internet
 connection, a suitable computer with audio and video capabilities, and
transmission
 devices. Fast and stable internet and broadband connections (ADSL, fiber
optic,
 cable, 4G or similar; at least 1MB / 300kb) are recommended.
 It is also necessary to understand specific software (e.g. web-based
 conference tools, such asWebex, Skype, Zoom, Elluminate, MSTeams, and
 FaceTime, among others) that allows telepresence and to have an internet
provider
 that offers a service with the minimum-quality required. Having a phone, in
case the
 video conference communication is interrupted, is highly recommended.
Finally, it is
 important not to have other applications open that interfere with the speed of
the
 internet connection or communication.

12. When could I do
teleconsultations?
 Teleconsultations are a useful approach for triaging patients and
reducing
 unnecessary visits to emergency departments. Scheduled
teleconsultations allow the
 evaluation, monitoring, and follow-up of outpatients who do not
require face-to-face
 assessment. However, according to the technological
infrastructure available, there
 might still be services that cannot be replaced by telepresence, so
it is important to
 determine when telepresence is an option and when is not.

13. What are some of
the possible
services via
teleconsultation?
 Teleconsultations bring multiple possibilities in the case of
pandemic, where
 authorities may request or impose community isolation, closing of
borders, limitation
 on the means of transportation, and so on.Telepresence in
healthcare can be used to
 provide telecare, offer remote assistance, and help with
administrative management
 of patients, triage, follow-up, meetings, and technical discussions
among physicians
 in different locations, among others

14. Healthcare
Organizations
 The growth of telemedicine is the result of numerous advantages
that it offers to both healthcare organizations and consumers. It
overcomes all the barriers to healthcare accessibility

15. Best Practices
ToSuccessfully
Implement
Telemedicine
Technologies
For Healthcare
Organizations

16. A Few of
Telemedicine
ProductsAnd
ServicesThat
Healthcare
Organizations
Can offerTo
Consumers
 healthcare providers have to invest in telemedicine products, services,
equipment, and devices; few of them are listed hereunder:
Digital Diagnostics
Digital Biomarkers
SensorTechnology
Software-driven solutions
Health AssessmentTools
Medication AdherenceTools
Remote Patient MonitoringTools
Smart Devices to Measure Health
Pacemaker
Artificial Pancreas

17. The
Underlying
Growth
Opportunities
For Healthcare
Organizations
 There are great growth opportunities for healthcare organizations
by
Embracing digital healthcare innovations
Providing affordable and easily accessible value-based care
services
Focusing more on patient-centric healthcare

18. Telehealth to
Mitigate the
Spread of
COVID‐19
 Studies regarding the use ofTH have shown that it has a positive
impact on the delivery of health‐care services.
COVID-19 is transmitted quickly, and each infected case could
spread the disease to more than one person, which means an
exponential and very high rate of increase.
 The MOH in Saudi Arabia has encouraged people to use mobile
applications rather than visit primary care clinics during the
outbreak.
 TH has been central in the role of primary health services to help
mitigate the spread of COVID‐19.

19. Telehealth
network
during
COVID19
 following the SaudiVision 2030 plan that stressed the importance
of adopting and developing a nationalTH network.
 Across all health‐care agencies in the kingdom,TH has been
found efficient in reducing patient expense for health‐care
services provided, including online consultations, prescription
refills, and follow‐ups.
 All of these services are accessible with a tap of the finger leading
one to a specific health‐care provider.
 TH mobile applications have also allowed the monitoring of the
progression of chronic condition and minimized nonessential
hospital visits during COVID‐19

20. Mobile applications
 Seha
 Mawid
 Tawakklna
 Tabaud
 Tetamman

21. Benefits of
telemedicine
 Window to expertise care
 Economic for hospital and patient
 Reduces the stress in patient and relatives
 Saves travel time of specialist and patient
 Good for education and research purpose

22. Future of
telemedicine
Live monitoring via phone call Robotics
Remote surgery

23. Conclusion
 TH applications have been found to be vital in supporting public
health precautions taken by the MOH in Saudi Arabia during the
COVID‐19 epidemic.
 TH contributions in the COVID‐19 pandemic has played an
essential role in mitigating the risk of COVID‐19 infection.
 Further rigorous research is needed to develop the
implementation and design ofTH, and explore the impact ofTH
applications on the progress of COVID‐19 in Saudi Arabia

24. Short video
clips
 https://youtu.be/cOT6DjgER2Y

25. References
 https://mobisoftinfotech.com/resources/blog/facilitating-
telemedicine-for-healthcare-organizations/
 https://www.jfcmonline.com/temp/JFamCommunityMed273208-
4771189_131511.pdf
 https://www.slideshare.net/DelightsonRufus/telemedicine-
32936573
 https://www.slideserve.com/gene/telemedicine
 https://www.paho.org/ish/images/docs/covid-19-
teleconsultations-en.pdf?ua=1