2. Biotechnology is a broad area of biology, involving the use of living systems
and organisms to develop or make products. Depending on the tools and
applications, it often overlaps with related scientific fields. In the late 20th
and early 21st centuries, biotechnology has expanded to include new and
diverse sciences, such as genomics, recombinant gene techniques,
applied immunology, and development of pharmaceutical therapies
and diagnostic tests.The term "Biotechnology" was first used by "Karl Ereky"
in 1919, meaning the production of products from raw materials with the aid
of living organisms.
What is BIOTECHNOLOGY?
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4. Medicine : HEAL THE WORLD
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Biotech is helping to heal the world by harnessing nature's own toolbox
and using our own genetic makeup to heal and guide lines of research
by:
1 Reducing rates of infectious disease.
2 Saving millions of children's lives;
3 Changing the odds of serious, life-threatening conditions affecting
millions around the world;
4Tailoring treatments to individuals to minimize health risks and
side effects;
5 Creating more precise tools for disease detection; and
6 Combating serious illnesses and everyday threats confronting the
developing world.
DNA microarray chip – some
can do as many as a million
blood tests at once
5. Agriculture : FEED THE WORLD
• Generating higher crop yields with fewer inputs;
• Lowering volumes of agricultural chemicals required by crops-limiting the run-off of these
products into the environment;
• Using biotech crops that need fewer applications of pesticides and that allow farmers to reduce
tilling farmland;
• Developing crops with enhanced nutrition profiles that solve vitamin and nutrient deficiencies;
• Producing foods free of allergens and toxins such as mycotoxin;
• Improving food and crop oil content to help improve cardiovascular health. 5
Biotech improves crop insect resistance, enhances crop herbicide
tolerance and facilitates the use of more environmentally sustainable
farming practices. Biotech is helping to feed the world by:
6. Industrial Areas : FUEL THE WORLD
• Streamlining the steps in chemical manufacturing processes by 80% or more;
• Lowering the temperature for cleaning clothes and potentially saving $4.1 billion annually;
• Improving manufacturing process efficiency to save 50% or more on operating costs;
• Reducing use of and reliance on petrochemicals;
• Using biofuels to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 52% or more;
• Decreasing water usage and waste generation; and
• Tapping into the full potential of traditional biomass waste products. 6
Biotech uses biological processes such as fermentation and harnesses
biocatalysts such as enzymes, yeast, and other microbes to become
microscopic manufacturing plants. Biotech is helping to fuel the world
by
BIO-FUEL
7. Bioinformatics is the computer assisted data management field that helps us :
• Gather information
• Store information
• Analyse information
• Integrate biological and genetic information ( data )
Bioinformatics is the “Electronic Infrastructure of Molecular Biology”
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Computers and Bioinformatics
8. • There are many different Bioinformatics tools available online
that contains biological databases. Commercial software are also
used by researchers
• It is associated with massive databases of gene and protein
sequences and structure/function information databases
• New sequences, new structure, protein or gene function that are
discovered, searched, gathered and deposited into databases
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9. What is done ?
• Analysis and Interpretation
• Development of new Algorithm and
Statistics
• Development and Implementation of tools
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11. Human Genome project
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The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an
international scientific research project with the goal of
determining the base pairs that make up human DNA,
and of identifying and mapping all of the genes of
the human genome from both a physical and a
functional standpoint. It remains the world's largest
collaborative biological project. Planning started after
the idea was picked up in 1984 by the US government,
the project formally launched in 1990, and was
declared complete onApril 14, 2003 Logo of Human Genome Project
12. Human Genome Project is a scientific research
project with the aim to determine the sequence
of human DNA. The ultimate goal is to map all
the genes of the human genome. It is already
the largest collaborative project in biology till
date. The project started in 1990 and ended in
2003. The project was performed across twenty
different universities. The software for
analysing the human genome and map the
nucleotide base pairs of DNA took 3300 billion
lines of code. In fact, the coding took more time
than the actual execution of the project 12
Human Genome project
The longest written code till date
