Viral skin infection

1. VIRAL SKIN INFECTION

2. COLD SORES
• Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus.
• Also called as oral herpes (herpes labialis).
• Vesicular/erosive lesions
• It may cause severe, flu-like symptoms, swollen
lymph nodes, and headache..
• It last for 10 to 14 days.

3. Pathophysiology
• HSV remains within the host for life, remaining
latent in the sensory nerve ganglia, leading to
recurrent reactivation.
• It last for short time around 5 days.
• Prodrome symptoms consist of itching,
tingling, and tenderness.
Other manifestation
Herpes Gladiatorum
• Cutaneous herpes in athletes involved in
contact sports is transmitted via direct skin-
toskin contact

4. Ocular herpes
• Ocular HSV infection is a cause of corneal blindness.
Herpetic whitlow
• infection of the pulp of the
distal phalanx of the hand.

5. Diagnosis
• Viral culture (PCR)
• Clinical
Treatment
• Oral antiviral drugs are useful for suppressive
therapy.
• Corticosteroids in combination with an oral
antiviral agent may be beneficial for episodic
treatment of herpes labialis.
• Acyclovir
• Valacyclovir

6. WARTS
Definition
• Warts are benign epidermal neoplasms that
are caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs).
• HPVs infect epithelial cells of the skin, mouth,
esophagus, larynx, trachea, and conjunctiva
• Cause both benign and malignant lesions
• Viral warts are tumors initiated by a viral
infection of keratinocytes

7. Common warts
Common warts (verruca vulgaris) begin as
smooth, fleshcolored papules and evolve into
dome-shaped, graybrown, hyperkeratotic
growths with black dots on the surface

8. Filiform and Digitate Warts
Finger like, fleshcolored projections emanating
from a narrow or broad base.
They are most commonly observed about the
mouth, beard, eyes,

9. Flat warts
• Plana warts are mainly caused by HPV-3 and
HPV-10
• Flat warts (verruca plana) are pink, light
brown, or light yellow and are slightly
elevated, flat-topped papules that vary in size
from 0.1 to 0.5 cm.

10. Treatment
• Cryotherapy is effective for common warts
and is reasonable first-line therapy
• Keratolytic Therapy (40% Salicylic Acid
Plasters)
• Apple Cider Vinegar
• 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU).
• Imiquimod

11. MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM
Definition
• Caused by Poxvirus.
• Viral infection of the skin characterized by discrete, 2- to 5-
mm, slightly umbilicated, flesh-colored, dome-shaped
papules.
• Spreads via autoinoculation, scratching, or touching a
lesion and fomites.
• The areas most commonly involved are the face, trunk,
axillae, extremities in children, and the pubic and genital
areas in adults.

12. Treatment
• Cryosurgery
• Cantharidin, a chemovesicant extract from the
blist
• Imiquimod

13. VARICELLA
• Varicella, or chickenpox, is a highly contagious
viral infection
• The incidence peaks sharply in March, April,
and May in temperate climates.
• After it has produced chickenpox, varicella-
zoster virus (VZV) becomes latent in ganglia
along the entire neuraxis.
• Vaccine is available for chickenpox ( Varicella
caccine).

14. Clinical Course
• incubation period averages 14 days, with a
range of 9 to 21 days;
• The prodromal symptoms in children are
absent or consist of low fever, headache,
and malaise
Laboratory Diagnosis
• Rapid PCR.
• virus can be cultured from vesicular
fluid
• Serology

15. Treatment
• Acyclovir
Prevention
• Varicella vaccine is made with live, attenuated
varicella virus