Novel technique - using CO2 – CH4 Swapping Technique

1. RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2015
www.PosterPresentations.com
This poster focuses on a new form of unconventional and potential sources of energy known as
natural gas hydrates. The increase in the demand for energy in future made natural gas hydrates as
a point of consideration. One unit of gas hydrates contains 164 units of methane so it can be a
useful sources of energy in future demand. To evaluate the energy resource potential of gas hydrates,
various methods are involved for the dissociation of methane hydrates: thermal stimulation where
temperature is increased above the hydrate stability region, depressurization where the pressure is
decreased below the hydrate stability region, inhibitor injection where pressure and temperature
conditions are shifted according to the hydrate stability region and extraction of gas using
microwave technology. Besides these methods, an economically efficient method is by using CO2
– CH4 Swapping technique in which CO2 or CO2-N2 mixture replaces methane in the hydrate
structure. Hence this method is considered as an attractive method for the dissociation of gas
hydrates. The government of India has discovered large, highly enriched accumulation of gas
hydrates in the Indian Ocean. Despite the fact that relatively little is known about natural gas
hydrates, it can acts as a vast storehouse of natural gas and significant challenges need to be met to
consider it as an economically producible reserve. With the increasing energy demand and
depleting energy resources in India, gas hydrates may serve as a potentially important resource for
future energy requirements in Indian subcontinent.
ABSTRACT
GAS HYDRATES
METHANE HYDRATE STABILITY ZONES
EXTRACTION METHODS
• THERMAL STIMULATION
• DEPRESSURIZATION
TYPES OF METHANE HYDRATE DEPOSITS • INHIBITOR INJECTION
• MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY USING FLOURINE
NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR EXTRACTION
CO2 – CH4
SWAPPING TECHNIQUE
GAS HYDRATES IN INDIA
• Gas hydrates are found in the Krishna–Godavari (KG), Mahanadi,
Andaman, Kerala–Konkan, and Saurashtra basins.
• Estimation of Gas hydrate resources in India : 1,894 trillion cubic meters.
CONCLUSION
• Even a small percentage of methane from hydrates could meet the energy
requirements of the world for centuries.
• Government of India formulated a National Gas Hydrate Programme
(NGHP) in 1997 for exploration and development of gas hydrates
resources of the country.
• The Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas technically coordinated by
Directorate General of Hydrocarbons (DGH) is given the responsibility
to explore the Gas Hydrates in India.
• The NGHP established the existence of a fully developed gas hydrate
system in the Mahanadi basin of the Bay of Bengal and layers of gas
hydrates 600 m below the Andaman Islands.
• Long term production tests are going on in USA, China, Japan and India
to make the production viable.
• There is a strong need to prepare a suitable viable economic and green
commercial technology for exploiting this untapped energy resource.
REFERENCES
• https://www.gns.cri.nz/gns/Gas-Hydrates/What-are-Gas-Hydrates2
• http://www.thehindu.com/In-a-first-natural-gas-hydrates-discovered-in-the-
Indian-Ocean
• http://worldoceanreview.co/methane-hydrate/extraction
• https://www.omicsonline.org/techniques-for-exploitation-of-gas-hydrate-
clathrates
• https://www.onepetro.org
• https://www.researchgate.net/Gas_hydrates_extraction_by_swapping-
depressurisation_method
• Gas hydrates are crystalline form of methane and water, and exist in shallow
sediments of outer continental margins and also in permafrost areas.
• One unit of gas hydrates contains 164 units of methane.
• Forms at low temperature and high pressure.
• Occurs at temperature below 295K and pressure above 3000kPa.
GAS HYDRATE POTENTIAL
B.TECH PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
RAJIV GANDHI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
SHAHID HUSSAIN – SIVARAMAN.R
EXTRACTION OF METHANE IN GAS HYDRATES USING CO2 – CH4
SWAPPING TECHNIQUE
This new production technique includes three stages utilizing one
vertical well, which serves as an injector in the first stage and as
a producer in the third stage.
• First stage : CO2 is injected into the underlying aquifer, then
the well is shut down.
• Second stage : Injected CO2 is converted into hydrate during
the second stage.
• Third stage : Decomposition of CH4 hydrate is induced by
the depressurization method to estimate gas production
potential over 15 years.
ADVANTAGES
• Water molecule with CO2 have stronger bond and more
stable than it had with the methane.
• As salinity decreases the dissociation of higher hydrocarbons
occur.
• CO2 is transported and sequestered in liquid form.