WATER ANALYSIS

1. BY
S. VIJIPRIYA
II MSc, PHYSICS.
E.G.S Pillay Arts & Science College,
Nagapattinam-611002
UNDER THE GUIDEANCE OF
Dr. K. SENTHILARASAN
National Seminar on Advanced Materials
(NSAM-2020)

2. Water is the one of the most common yet the most
precious on the earth without which there would be no
life on earth.
Pollution is a serious problems as 70 % India's surface
water resources and as growing number of its ground
water reserves have been contaminated by biological,
organic and inorganic pollutants. Adequate supply of
portable safe water in essential and is the basic need for
all human being and earth.

3. The present study has been undertaken to
investigate the Physic-chemical analysis of pond water
and bore well water in Thethi village at Nagapattinam
District.
Nagapattinam is a coastal district of Tamil Nadu
situated on the eastern side of Nagapattinam the district
headquarter lie 326 km. Nagapattinam lies between
Northern Latitude 10.7906 degrees and 79.8428 degrees
Eastern longitude. The district spreads over an area of
2,715.83 sq.km

6. Following parameters are
measured they are:
Color
pH
Conductivity
TDS
Total hardness
Alkalinity
Chloride
Sulphate

7. Color :
 The appearance of pond water sample is in yellow color.
 The appearance of bore well water sample is in slightly yellow
color.
pH:
 pH value is an important factor in maintaining the carbonate
and bicarbonate levels in water.
 It indicates the intensity of acidity and alkalinity and measure
the hydrogen ion concentration in water.
 The pH values are found to be with the permissible limit of
WHO (6.5-8.5).

8. Conductivity:
 Electrical conductivity is a measure of water capacity to convey
electric current.
 The conductivity of water depends upon the concentration of
ions and its nutrient status.
 Based on the electrical conductivity values of the water quality
can be classified as poor, good, medium.
TDS:
 Total dissolved solids indicates the salinity behavior of water.
Total hardness:
 Hardness of water mainly depend upon the amount of calcium
and magnesium salt.
 The total hardness values are higher than desirable limit of
WHO(300ppm).

9. Alkalinity:
 Alkalinity is due to presence of carbonate.
 Alkalinity itself is not harmful to human beings.
Chloride:
 The chloride concentration serves as an indicator of pollution by sewage.
 People accustomed to higher chloride in the water subjected to laxative
effects.
 The chloride values are exceeded the permissible limit of WHO (600
ppm).
Sulphate:
 Sulphate occurs naturally in water as a result of leaching from gypsum and
other common minerals.
 The values of Sulphate are permissible limit of WHO (250 ppm).

10. S.NO PROPERTIES POND 1 POND 2
1 COLOUR YELLOW YELLOW
2 pH 7.93 7.93
3 conductivity 1607 2333
4 TDS 1015 1470
5 Total hardness 316 448
6 alkalinity 236 352
7 chloride 252 380
8 Sulphate 34 70
WATER SAMPLES ( POND)
The water samples are fit for construction purpose.

11. S.NO PROPERTIES BOREWELL DESIRABLE MAX.PRES.LIMITS
1 Color Very slight
yellow
2 pH 7.39 6.5 to 8.5 6.5to 8.5
3 Conductivity 7047 - -
4 TDS
5 Total hardness 1488 300 600
6 Alkalinity 1088 200 600
7 Chloride 975 250 1000
8 Sulphate 152 200 400
9 Magnesium 182 30 150
10 Fluoride 0.37 1.0 1.5
11 Nitrate 60 45 45
BORE WELL
UNSATISFACTORY - Do not meet the dinking water .

12. S.No Parameters Source Of Occurrence Potential Health Effect
1 Color Due To Presence Of
Dissolved Salts
-
2 Electrical Conductivity Due To Different Dissolved
Solids
Conductivity Due To
Inoizable Ions. High
Conductivity Increases
Corrosive Nature Of Water.
3 pH pH Is Changed Due To
Different Dissolved Gasees
And Solids.
Affects Mucous Membrance,
Bitter Taste, Corrosion
4 Total Hardness Presence Of Calcium And
Magnesium Ions In A Water
Supply . It Is Expressed.
Hardness Minerals Exist To
Some Degree In Every Water
Supply
Poor Lathering With Soap,
Deterioration Of The Quality
of Clothes, Scale Forming.
5 Total Alkalinity Due To Dissolved Gases Embrittlement Of Boiler
Steel. Boiled Rice Turns
Yellowish.
Source of occurrence and potential health effects with USEPA guidelines.

13. 6 TDS Presence All Dissolved Salts Undesirable Taste, Gastro-
Intestinal Irritation,
Corrosion Or Incrustation.
7 Chloride Water Additive Used To Control
Microbe, Disinfect.
Eye/ Nose Irritation,
Stomach Discomfort.
Increase Corrosive
Character Of Water.
8 Sulphate Due To Dissolved Ca/Mg/Fe
Sulphate
Taste Affected, Gastro-
Intestinal Irritation. Calcium
Sulphate Scale.
9 Nitrate Runoff From Fertilizer Use,
Leaking Fromseptic Tanks,
Sewage, Erosion Of Natural
Deposits.
Effect On Infant’s Below
The Age Of Six Months
Symptoms Include
Shortness Of Breath And
Blue-Baby Syndrome.

14.  In the present study reveal that the Thethi borewell
water are found high polluted in physico chemical
profile. Because that all the values are above the
permissible limit if standard values.
 The borewell water do not meet the drinking water
standards and is unfit for drinking and domestic
purpose.
 Pond water fit for only construction purpose.

15. THANK YOU