ARP Protocol

2. ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL
• The ARP is a dynamic mapping method used
to find a physical address for a given logical
address.

3. ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL
• ARP Operation
• ARP Packet Format

4. ARP Operation

5. ARP Operation

6. ARP Operation
• APR broadcast the IP address of a host to all
the system in the network.
• When the host IP in the network identifies
that its own IP address then the specific host
unicast its MAC address as reply to the header.

7. ARP Operation
• Now the sender has the source IP address,
source MAC address, Destination IP address,
Destination MAC address.
• It updates its table with destination IP and
received MAC address and then sends the
data to the destination.

8. ARP Packet Format

9. RARP

10. REVERSE ADDRESS RESOLUTION
PROTOCOL
• The RARP is a dynamic mapping method used
to find a logical address for a given physical
address.

11. DHCP

12. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• It is a protocol used by a host, as it boots, to
learn different information about network,
such as its IP address.
• The DHCP provides booth static and dynamic
address allocation that can be manual or
automatic.

13. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• DHCP Operation
• DHCP Message Format
• DHCP Message Type
• Advantages of DHCP

14. DHCP Operation
• A DHCP infrastructure consists of the
following elements,
– DHCP server
– DHCP client
– DHCP relay agents

15. DHCP Operation

16. DHCP Operation

17. DHCP Message Format

18. DHCP Message Type

19. Advantages of DHCP
• DHCP allows both manual and automatic
configurations.
• That is, the static addresses are created
manually and the dynamic addresses are
created automatically. Where as, BOOTP
allows only manual configuration

20. ICMP

21. Internet Control Message Protocol
• Internet Control Message Protocol is an
integral part of an IP.
• It allows a router or destination host to
communicate with the source, typically to
report an error in IP datagram processing.

22. Internet Control Message Protocol
• Types of Messages
• ICMP Message Format
• Error Reporting
• ICMP Error Messages
• Debugging Tools

23. Types of Messages
• Error-Reporting Messages
• Query Messages

24. ICMP Message Format

25. Error Reporting

26. ICMP Error Messages
• Important points about ICMP error messages,
– No ICMP error message will be generated in response
to a datagram carrying an ICMP error message.
– No ICMP error message will be generated for a
fragmented datagram that is not the first fragment.
– No ICMP error message will be generated for a
datagram having a multicast address.
– No ICMP error message will be generated for a
datagram having a special address such as 127.0.0.0
or 0.0.0.0.

27. Debugging Tools
•Ping
•Trace Route