You want to estimate the total effect of Exposure Y on Disease Z. You also have measurements for Variable C, Variable D, and Variable E, which are shown in the Figure below. 1. 1.Which variable(s) should you adjust for in your analysis? (Assume an arrow indicates that one variable is associated with the other.) a. Variable C b. Variable D c. Variable E 2. Possible explanations for an association between Exposure Y and Disease Z include cause, chance, confounding but not bias. a. true b. false.