Brief Introduction about Biochemistry

1. BIOCHEMISTRY
Prepared By
Saurabh Shrivastava
Assistant Professor
Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of
Pharmacy, Durg
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2. Biochemistry ……
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3. Biochemistry ……
Study of the
Structure, Composition, and Chemical Reactions of
Substances in Living Systems
Chemistry
Biochemistry
Biology
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4. Biochemistry
Biochemistry involves
the chemical processes
that occur in all living
cells and organisms.
Biochemistry is crucial
to nurses in
understanding how the
human body functions
in both normal and
various disease states
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5. • Biochemistry is a
science which
deals with the
molecules occur
in cell/ organism
or their chemical
reactions.
• Biochemical test
are perform to
proper diagnosis
and treatment of
disease.
Biochemistry
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6. The
Cell
And its
Organelles
Supramolecular
Complexes
e.g Enzyme complexes,
ribosomes, chromosomes
Macromolecules
Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids,
DNA, RNA
Biomolecules
(Building Blocks) Amino acids, Sugars,
Fatty acids, Glycerol, Nucleic acids
Metabolites
Pyruvate,citrate, succinate,
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Precursors
H2O, CO2, NH4
+, NO3
- and N2
Hierarchy of
Molecular
Components
in a Cell
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7. Cell
• A cell is the structural and functional unit of life
• A cell is a basic unit that is capable of performing
life functions
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9. Types of Cell
Cells are broadly divided into two types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cell:
• Prokaryotic cells tend to be smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells.
• Prokaryotes are all unicellular organisms, so they rely on their cellular structures for all
functions of life.
• Example: Bacteria
Eukaryotic cell:
• Eukaryotes may be unicellular or multicellular.
• Multicellular eukaryotes may have many different types of cells within a single
organism, each specialized to carry out a particular function, such as electrochemical
signaling (e.g., neurons) or movement (e.g., muscles)
• Example: Animal and Plant cell
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10. Prokaryote and Eukaryote Cells
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11. Prokaryotic Cells (Bacteria)
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12. Eukaryotic Cells
(Animal cell)
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13. Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Characteristics Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cells
Size Small (1-10 µm) Large (10 -100 µm)
Cell Membrane Rigid Cell wall Flexible Plasma
Membrane
Cytoplasm Organelles absent Organelles present
Sub cellular organelles Absent Present (Mitochondria,
Lysosome etc)
Nucleus Not well defined
DNA find in Nucleoide
Histone is absent
Well defined
DNA is associated with
Histone protein
Cell division Usually fission and no
mitosis
Mitosis
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14. Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
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15. Homogenization
• With help of glass/teflon homogenizer cells are
disrupted by- suspending in isotonic solution (0.25 M
buffer at pH 7.4)
• Differential velocity Centrifugation.
• Separation based on their size
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Isolation Of Subcellular Organelles

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Isolation Of Subcellular Organelles

17. THANK YOU
Does anyone have any questions?
Saurabh Shrivastava
Email: saurabhshri1991@gmail.com