A landslide is a geological phenomenon where a mass of rock, earth, or debris moves downhill due to gravity. Landslides can occur on steep slopes, cliffs, and mountains, and can be triggered by a variety of factors such as heavy rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and human activities like excavation or construction. Landslides can take different forms depending on the type of material involved and the speed of movement. They can be slow-moving or rapid, and can travel short distances or cover vast areas. Some common types of landslides include rockfalls, debris flows, mudslides, and rockslides. Landslides can have serious consequences for people and the environment. They can cause property damage, loss of life, and disrupt transportation and communication networks. In addition, landslides can alter the landscape, affect ecosystems, and create new hazards such as damming of rivers and formation of new lakes.

1. Indira Gandi National Tribal
University, Amarkantak
Title: Landslide
• Presented BY : Satyapriya Sahoo
• Under the Guidance of: Dr. Ashutosh Kumar
• Date: 20-02-2023

2. ABSTRACT
• Landslides are a major environmental hazard
that cause significant damage to life and property.

3. Definition:
A landslide is a natural disaster that occurs
when a mass of rock or debris moves rapidly
down a slope or cliff due to the force of
gravity. It happens when the slope becomes
unstable and cannot support the weight of
the soil, rocks, or trees on it. Landslides can
be triggered by heavy rainfall, earthquakes,
volcanic eruptions, or human activities like
deforestation and construction. They can
cause severe damage to property, and
infrastructure, and can sometimes even
result in loss of life.

4. • The force of gravity and the progressive
weakening of geological materials, mainly
due to weathering, together with the
action of other natural and environmental
phenomena, make mass movements
relatively common in the earth’s surface.
• Natural processes like landslides can pose
risks to human activities and infrastructure,
causing economic loss and social damage.
By learning more about these processes,
we can work to minimize their impact on
society.

5. Types of landslides:
• Landslide are classified based on the
materials involved like rocks, debris,
and soils, and how they fail. We also
consider things like how much water is
in the soil and how fast and big the
movement is.
• Rotational landslides are a type of
landslide where the soil or rock moves
in a curved, rotational manner.
• Translational landslides are a type of
landslide where the soil or rock moves
in a linear or planar manner.

6. • Rock falls are when rocks or
small boulders fall from a steep
slope. They can happen
because of natural events like
earthquakes or human
activities like digging. Rock falls
can be dangerous to people
nearby and can cause damage
to buildings and infrastructure.
They happen in areas with
steep slopes and unstable rock
formations, like mountains or
cliffs.

7. • Debris flow is a type of
landslide where a mixture
of water, rocks, soil, and
other debris move rapidly
down a slope. It happens
when the soil becomes
saturated with water,
causing it to lose stability
and erode quickly. They
are common in
mountainous areas and
can be very dangerous.

8. • Earthflow is a type of
slow-moving landslide
where soil, rock, and
debris gradually move
downhill. It happens when
the soil becomes saturated
with water, causing it to
lose its stability and
gradually flow downhill.
Earthflows are usually
slower than other types of
landslides and can take
weeks, months, or even
years to move significant
distances.

9. • Mudflow is a type of landslide
where a mixture of water,
mud, and debris rapidly flows
downhill. It happens when
heavy rainfall saturates the
soil, causing it to become
unstable and flow downhill.
Mudflows can be very fast and
can cause significant damage
to buildings, roads, and other
structures in its path. They
are common in areas with
steep slopes and can be
very dangerous.

10. • Creep is a type of landslide
where soil, rocks, and debris
gradually move downhill at a
very slow pace, typically less
than a few millimeters per
year. It happens when the
soil becomes saturated with
water, causing it to become
unstable and slowly deform
over time due to gravity.

11. • Slump is a type of
landslide where a mass of
soil, rock, and
debris moves downhill in a
rotational manner, usually
along a curved surface. It
happens when the soil
becomes saturated with
water, causing it to lose its
stability and slide down
due to gravity. Slumping
common in areas with
steep slopes or where the
soil is poorly compacted.

13. • Signs of a
potential
landslide:
• Strange sounds coming from the
ground
• Tilting or cracking of the
foundation or walls of buildings
• Landslide activity in the
surrounding area
• Changes in water flow or springs

14. •Impacts of
Landslides:
• Property damage
• Infrastructure damage
• Loss of life and injury
• Environmental damage
• Economic impacts

15. • Prevention and
Mitigation Measures:
• Conduct a landslide hazard
assessment
• Develop a land-use plan that
takes into account landslide
hazards
• Stabilize slopes with retaining
walls, vegetation, or reinforced
slopes
• Establish early warning systems
• Regular maintenance of slopes
and drainage systems

16. Preparing for a Landslide:
• Be aware of the potential for
landslides in your area
• Develop an emergency plan
• Keep an evacuation plan
ready
• Keep an emergency supply kit

17. •Conclusion:
• Landslides can be very harmful and cause a lot of harm to
societies. However, if people have the right knowledge and
readiness, the damage caused by landslides can be
decreased.
• It is crucial to take preventative measures and to be aware
of the potential dangers in order to protect both human
life and property.

18. Thank You