History of the Internet: From ARPANET to 500 Million Hosts
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History of the Internet: From ARPANET to 500 Million Hosts
- 1. History of the Internet WeeSan Lee weesan@cs.ucr.edu
- 3. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1969 ARPANET was born. 4 nodes were inter-connected: UCLA,SRI,UCSB, U. of Utah Charley Kline from UCLA sent 1st packet. First RFC by Steve Crocker.
- 4. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1970 RFC maintained by Jon Postel (the RFC-editor). ARPANET used NCP (Network Control Protocol), first end-to-end protocol
- 5. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1971 15 nodes were connected. Ray Tomlinson of BBN invented email program.
- 6. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1972 @ was chosen by Ray Tomlinson to separate the userid and hostname. First computer-to-computer chat program at UCLA.
- 7. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1973 Ethernet was invented by Bob Metcalfe's (Harvard PhD Thesis)
- 8. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1974 TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) was invented by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn.
- 9. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1975 First mailing list was created by Steve Walker.
- 10. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1976 Queen Elizabeth II sent out an email.
- 11. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1978 TCP splited into TCP and IP.
- 12. Internet Hosts 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Dec-69 Dec-70 Dec-71 Dec-72 Dec-73 Dec-74 Dec-75 Dec-76 Dec-77 Dec-78 Dec-79 #ofhosts 1979 3Com was co-founded by Bob Metcalfe.
- 13. Internet Hosts 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 #ofhosts 1981 BITNET (Because It’s Time NETwork) was started.
- 14. Internet Hosts 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 #ofhosts 1982 DoD used TCP/IP to inter- connect networks. Thus, the Internet!!!
- 15. Internet Hosts 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 #ofhosts 1983 NCP → TCP/IP. ARPANET was split into ARPANET and MILNET. BSD included TCP/IP.
- 16. Internet Hosts 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 #ofhosts 1984 DNS (Domain Name System) was introduced. > 1000 hosts.
- 17. Internet Hosts 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 #ofhosts 1986 NSFNET was created, connecting 5 super- computers. IETF was formed. NNTP was created.
- 19. Internet Hosts 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 #ofhosts 1988 First Internet Worm released by Morris. CERT (Computer Emergency Response Team) was formed as a result. IRC was created.
- 21. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1990 ARPANET ceased. AOL, CompuServe provided dial-up service.
- 22. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1991 WWW was created by Tim Berners-Lee from CERN. Linux was released by Linus Torvalds.
- 23. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1992 > 1,000,000 hosts. MBONE was created.
- 24. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1993 Network Solution, Inc was chosen to provide domain name registration. www.whitehouse.gov online. Mosaic was created.
- 25. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1994 NSFNET was transformed to commercial network. Shopping mall. Can order pizza online.
- 26. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1995 NSFNET was reverted back to research-only network. Realaudio started. Netscape IPO. Win95 released. Bob Metcalfe predicted the Internet would collapse.
- 27. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1996 Browser war (Netscape vs. IE) began. tv.com sold to CNET for $15,000.
- 29. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1998 2M domain names registered. Compaq bought altavista.com for $3.3M. Google founded. Jon Postel (RFC-editor) died.
- 30. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 1999 First online banking. business.com sold for $7.5B Napster released. Al Gore invented the Internet???
- 31. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 2000 Millennium bug. Dotcom → dotgone. Clinton made first webcast.
- 36. Internet Hosts 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 Dec-69 Dec-71 Dec-73 Dec-75 Dec-77 Dec-79 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 #ofhosts 2006 > 439M hosts. 10 new computers joined the Internet every second.
- 38. Reference The History of the Internet http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/cerf.shtml http://www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html Timeline http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/ http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/2002_0918_Internet_Hi story_and_Growth.ppt Al Gore invented the Internet? http://www.eecs.umich.edu/~fessler/misc/funny/gore,net.txt http://sethf.com/gore/ Who is managing the Internet? http://www.acm.org/ubiquity/views/v6i5_simoneli.html