2. Policy
Educational Policy
Goals of Educational Policy
New Educational Policy 1970
Presentation Agenda
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3. Policy :
• policy is a future and presents way of action to follow.
Educational Policy :
• Educational policy refers to the collection of laws and rules that govern the
operation education system or
• An education policy is a past or up to date statement or series of statements
which explain, recommend or exclude a course of actions to be taken to be
run the system of education.
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4. EDUCATION POLICY
• Education policy is the principles and government policy-making in educational sphere, as well
as the collection of laws and rules that govern the operation of education systems.
• Education occurs in many forms for many purposes through many institutions.
• Examples include early childhood education, kindergarten through to 12th grade, two and four
year colleges or universities, graduate and professional education, adult education and job
training.
• Therefore, education policy can directly affect the education people engage in at all ages.
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5. GOALS OF EDUCATION POLICY
1. Improve the academic success of all students by strengthening standards-based reforms, including
assessments and accountability measures.
2. Establish and maintain a statewide education finance system based upon principles of adequacy, equity,
accountability and predictability.
3. Build effective educational capacity to support learning by all students, with special emphasis on the
need to ensure a qualified teacher in every classroom at all times
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6. GOAL OF EDUCATION POLICY
4. Ensure that all every school shall have school leaders who will promote and support high achievement for all
students through effective instructional leadership, school management and governance.
5. Enact state policies that shall ensure that every young child in the state shall have access to high-quality early
education programs including pre-school and full-day kindergarten.
6. Ensure that all citizens of all ages shall have practical financial and physical access to a rich range of post-
secondary educational opportunities.
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7. NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 1970
INTRODUCTION
• The President (Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan) announced that Government would lay
greater emphasis on the social sectors and would attach high priority to the
educational problem.
• A set of proposals of a new education policy were formulated.
• In the light of public comments, the original proposals were reviewed.
• The Cabinet considered the revised proposals and appointed a committee to examine
them in detail.
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8. NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 1970
INTRODUCTION
• The revised proposals were reviewed by the committee of the Cabinet in the light of
implications of the announcement by the President in his address to the nation on
November 28, 1969.
• The new Education Policy was finally adopted by the Cabinet on March 26, 1970.
• This is also called “ Noor Khan Report” (Air Marshal Malik Nur Khan)
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9. SALIENT FEATURES
• Emphasis on ideological orientation.
• Islamiat should be taken compulsory upto secondary level ( in 1959 it was proposed to
be compulsory upto class 8)
• Emphasis on science and technology education.
• Decentralization of educational administration.
• The Policy aimed at free and universal enrolment up to Class V by 1980, with particular
stress on girl’s education.
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10. SALIENT FEATURES
Policy also identified that there were about 100 million illiterates in Pakistan of whom
90 percent are concentrated in the rural areas.
Policy innovated further to aim at covering 5 million adults and school leavers by 1975
through requiring all employers, including government, to provide work-oriented basic
education to all of their employees.
Establishment of a National Education Corps.(Kaiser Bengali 1999)
Eradication of illiteracy
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11. PRIMARY EDUCATION
• This has been thought as the basic principle in the government policy.
• It was recommended to make common the primary education upto fifth class by 1980
and then raised to the level of class eight.
• Girls education was encouraged
• By the end of 1970 about 10.5 million children will be enrolled in primary (6.3 million
in East Pakistan and 4.2 in West Pakistan).
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12. PRIMARY EDUCATION
• 22400 primary schools will be opened in East Pakistan and 5000 in West Pakistan
• 2.8 million new places will be created in East Pakistan and 2.3 million in West Pakistan
• Raising percentage of primary age group enrolment from 55% to 67% in East Pakistan
and from 46% to 65% in West Pakistan.
• In west Pakistan 15000 primary schools will be improved under the development
program by providing equipment and teaching aids.
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13. SECONDARY EDUCATION
• Scientific, technical and professional education has been stressed
• A target of education of four hundred and thirty thousand (430,000) students has
been fixed in the plan of 1970
• Achieving an enrolment ratio of 40:60 between arts and the scientific, technical and
vocational program
• 71000 trained teachers will be produced.
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14. HIGHER EDUCATION
• Curriculum has been stressed to be reorganized to improve higher education.
• New colleges be opened for science education.
• Centers for excellence be opened in the universities where research work be done.
• University Grant Commission was stressed to be effective and efficient to coordinate
the work and standard of universities.
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15. HIGHER EDUCATION
• New university will be established in Balochistan (upgrading Government Degree
College, Quetta or taking the building of Institute of Mineral Technology, Quetta)
• A small university will be developed in one of Government college of Multan or
Sargodha
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16. ADULT EDUCATION
• In the education policy of 1970, adult education has been stressed much and the
setting of Education Corps has been recommended.
• About 5 million adults will be provided education by the end of 1975.
• Armed Forces of Pakistan will be play an essential role in adult education
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17. RE-ORGANIZATION OF CURRICULUM
• Curriculum Research Committee Centers at provincial level be set up.
• Each province should have a permanent Curriculum Bureau
• Devising curriculum &coordinating with provincial textbook boards & teachers training
institutions.
• Scientific and technical education be included at every stage.
• In addition, education as a subject be included in the curriculum as an optional
subject.
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18. EXAMINATION SYSTEM
• The existing system of examination has been thought in the report as unsatisfactory
because it does not measure the ability of the student.
• It therefore needs to be reformed and restructured.
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19. TEACHER TRAINING
• It has been recommended in the report that 138,000 teachers be provided training.
• 150,000 be trained during services
• Emergency training program of the duration of 2 to 6 months in teachers training
colleges, general colleges and technical institutions will be launched
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20. TEACHER TRAINING
• Introduction of pedagogy as a subject at the Intermediate and Degree levels and
Technical institutions were considered as a means of meeting the demand for
additional teachers.
• These training programs are intended to supplement the facilities of training under the
normal programs of teacher education
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21. NATIONAL LANGUAGE AS MEDIUM OF
INSTRUCTION
• It has been recommended in the report that a commission is to be set up to make the
national language as medium of instruction.
• Textbooks be published in Urdu language.
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22. IMPLEMENTATION
• The policy was never implemented on account of the war with India, secession of East
Pakistan, and the collapse of the military government.
• Less resources
• Economically weak condition of the country.
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