16. Ilocano literature or Iloko literature pertains to the literary
works of writers of Ilocano ancestry regardless of the
language used - be it Ilocano, English, Spanish or other
foreign and Philippine languages. In Ilocano language, the
terms "Iloko" and "Ilocano" are different. Generally, "Iloko" is
the language while "Ilocano" refers to the people or the
ethnicity of the people who speak the Iloko language.
ILOCANO LITERATURE
17. Manuel Arguilla of La Union
(author of “How My Brother
Leon Brought Home a Wife”
and “Morning in Nagrebcan”)
ILOCANO LITERATURE
19. ILOCANO LITERATURE
Pedro Bukaneg
(March 1592 – c. 1630)
was a Filipino poet. He is considered the "Father of
Ilocano literature." Blind since birth, he is the believed
to have authored of parts of the Ilocano epic Biag ni
Lam-ang (Life of Lam-ang).
20. Some of the literature in this period are "Biag ti
Maysa a Lakay, Wenno Nakaam-ames a Bales" by
Mariano Gaerlan (1909); "Uray Narigat no
Paguimbagan" by Facundo Madriaga (1911)
What is the most famous
ilocano Literature?
21. Region VI-Western Visayas has a very rich
literature. It is commonly known as Panayanon or
Hiligaynon Literatures consisting all forms of
literatures from the Island of Panay (Iloilo, Antique,
Capiz, Aklan) and even from the Islands of
Guimaras and Negros Occidental.
Hiligaynon Literature
22. Who developed and popularized Hiligaynon
literature?
Ramon Muzones (March 20, 1913 - August 17,
1992) was a writer and lawyer and the
posthumous recipient of the National Artist of the
Philippines for Literature award in the Philippines
in 2018. He wrote in Hiligaynon and popularized
Hiligaynon literature.
Hiligaynon Literature
24. Magdalena Gonzaga
Jalandoni
was a Filipino novelist, playwright,
short story writer, poet, sculptor and
painter. She is now remembered as
one of the most prolific Filipino
writers in the Hiligaynon language.
25. Religio Cristiano Apostolica Romana – the first book
entirely written in Hiligaynon, authored by Mariano
Cuartero.
Ang Babai nga Huaran – possibly first modern
Hiligaynon play and the first modern play overall in any
Philippine language, written by Cornelio Hilado in either
1878 or 1894.
Hiligaynon Famous
Literary works
26. BICOLANO LITERATURE
Bicol literature is poetry, novel or fiction written
about Bicol. Not necessarily in the Bicol
language, not necessarily published in Bicol,
and not necessarily by a Bicolano, but it’s
about Bicol.
27. BICOLANO LITERATURE
Mag-amang Pobre (The Poor Father and
Son). The comedia or moro-moro stayed for a
long time. Almost every town boasted of a
comedia writer and a theater group.
28. Father of Bicol Literature
Mariano Perfecto
Known as a prolific writer, he is
considered as the "Father of Bikol
Literature," and the "Father of
Bisayan Literature." He published the
first newspaper in the Bikol language,
An Parabareta (1899–1900) and set
up the first printing press in the Bikol
region, the Libreria y Imprenta
Mariana.
29. Cebuano literature refers to the literary works
written in Cebuano, a language widely spoken in
the southern Philippines. The term is most often
extended to cover the oral literary forms in both
indigenous and colonial Philippines.
CEBUANO LITERATURE
31. CEBUANO LITERATURE
Uldarico Alviola
What is Cebuano famous literature?
These are Felicitas by Uldarico Alviola in 1912, Mahinuklugong
Paglubong Kang Alicia (The Sad Burial of Alicia) by Vicente
Garces in 1924, Apdo sa Kagul-anan (Bitterness of Sorrow) by
Angel Enemecio in 1928–29, and Ang Tinagoan (The Secret) by
Vicente Rama in 1933–34.
32. - Tagalog Literature is the literature used in most parts of
Luzon. Those who use this type of literature are coming
from Southern Luzon, Central Luzon and Metro Manila or
NCR.
-The main themes of Philippine literature focus on the
country's pre-colonial culture traditions and socio-political
histories of its colonial and contemporary traditions.
TAGALOG LITERATURE
34. TAGALOG LITERATURE
Bienvenido Lumbera
is a poet, librettist, and scholar. As a poet, he
introduced to Tagalog literature what is now
known as Bagay poetry, a landmark aesthetic
tendency that has helped to change the
vernacular poetic tradition.
35. TAGALOG LITERATURE
Some Notable Literary Works
Manga Panalanging Pagtatagobilin sa Caloloua nang Tauong
Naghihingalo by Gaspar Aquino de Belen, 1703.
Florante at Laura (Florante and Laura) by Francisco Balagtas, 1838.
Urbana at Feliza (Urbana and Feliza) by Modesto de Castro, 1854.
Banaag at Sikat (From Early Dawn to Full Light)" by Lope K.
38. The University of the Philippines (UP)
is the country's national university.
This premier institution of higher
learning was established in 1908 and
is now a university system composed
of eight constituent universities
located in 17 campuses all over the
archipelago.
University of the Philippines
39. Dedicated to the blessed Virgin
Mary under the title of Our
Lady Of Atonement, its
distinctive pink exterior, twin
spires and stained glass
windows make it a popular
tourist attraction in Baguio. .
Our Lady of Atonement Cathedral
40. San Agustin Church, situated
inside Intramuros walls, is the
oldest church in the
Philippines. The church,
together with the monastery
nearby, was the only structure
left standing after World War II
St Augustine's Church
41. The San Sebastian Church or
Basilica Minore de San Sebastian is
an all-steel Roman Catholic Church
located in Plaza del Carmen,
Quiapo, Manila. It features a
remarkable and well-preserved
Gothic Revival architecture that
attracts many tourists and is
claimed as Asia’s only steel church.
San Sebastian Church
42. The Mansion
The Mansion House (also known as The
Mansion) is the official summer palace of the
President of the Philippines. The mansion is
located in the summer capital of the country,
Baguio, situated around 5,000 feet (1,500 m)
asl in the Cordillera Central Range of northern
Luzon.
44. Bell Church
Chinese Filipino indigenous religious
organization based in La Trinidad,
Benguet, Philippines. It is led Elias Ng, the
Spiritual Leader and Head Administrator
of the Bell Church. Entrance to the La
Trinidad temple.
46. St. William's Cathedral
Laoag Cathedral, canonically known as Saint
William's Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral de San
Guillermo) is a church in Laoag City, Ilocos
Norte, Philippines. The current church was built
in 1612 by Augustinian friars to replace a
wooden chapel. It also serves as the seat or
central church of the Roman Catholic Diocese
of Laoag.
48. Plaza de Roma
Plaza de Roma, also known as Plaza Roma, is one of
three major public squares in Intramuros, Manila.
It is bounded by Andres Soriano Avenue (formerly
Calle Aduana) to the north, Cabildo Street to the
east, Santo Tomas Street to the south, and General
Antonio Luna Street (formerly Calle Real del
Palacio) to the west. The plaza is considered to be
the center of Intramuros.
50. Shrine of Our Lady of Casaysay
The Archdiocesan Shrine of Our Lady of
Caysasay is a coral-hewn chapel in Barrio
Caysasay in Taal, Batangas belonging to the
Archdiocese of Lipa in the Philippines. It was
built in 1639 by Fr. Alonso Rodriguez to replace
a temporary structure built in 1611.[1] The
church is home to Our Lady of Caysasay whose
feast day is celebrated every December 8.
52. St. John the Baptist Parish
Church
St. John the Baptist Parish Church (Filipino:
Simbahan ng Parokya ng San Juan Bautista),
also known as Liliw Church or Lilio Church, is
one of the Roman Catholic churches in Liliw,
Laguna, Philippines. Its feast is celebrated
every August 29 known as the Martyrdom of
St. John the Baptist.
55. The Ruins
The Ruins is the remains of the ancestral home
mansion of the family of Don Mariano Ledesma
Lacson and Maria Braga Lacson. It is situated in
Talisay, Negros Occidental, Philippines. The
mansion was built in early 1900s and inspired
by Italian architecture.
57. Siliman University
The Silliman Hall is a building constructed
in the Stick Style of American architecture
in Dumaguete, Negros Oriental, Philippines.
It was built in the early 1900s. It was
converted to a museum in 1970. It is
located in Dumaguete, Negros Oriental,
Philippines.
59. Balay Negrese Museum
The Negrense Museum or Balay
Negrense in local language is the first
museum to be established in the
province of Negros Occidental. It is
located at Cinco de Noviembre Street
in Silay City.
61. Church of San Miguel Archangel of
Argao
SanMiguel Arcangel Church, also known as Marilao
Church, was built in the 19th century and has a long
history and is a Roman-style building. The church has
survived many natural disasters and is still standing.
It is one of the most beautiful churches in the
Philippines and is well worth seeing.
63. Our Lady of Assumption
Church
The Our Lady of Assumption Parish Church (Sp.,
Iglesia Parroquial de Nuestra Señora de la
Asuncion), commonly known as the Bulakan
Church, is a 19th-century Neo-Byzantine-
Romanesque stone church located at Brgy. San
Jose, in the Municipality of Bulakan (formerly
spelled as Bulacan), Bulacan province, Philippines.
65. The Chapel of Chartwheels
Located beside Gaston's Ancestral House
and managed by Father Gaston Itself, this
unique Chapel is all about natural materials.
From the Exterior Facade made from old
cartwheels, bamboo shingles roofing to the
seats and the altar itself are made from
natural materials.
67. The residence is planned as a town house which
combines living space on the upper floor with
commercial spaces on the lower floor. Art Deco
elements, especially in the archways, and the
corner entrance and Classical motifs;masques
and caryatid and lion heads decorate the
house.
Maria Ledesma Golez
Heritage
69. Lizares Mansion
Lizares Mansion is one of Iloilo City's most
elegant heritage mansions, with a
combination of American and Spanish
architectural designs. It was founded in
1937 by Don Emiliano Lizares, a Jaro-born
sugar baron, and stands as a testament to
Iloilo's thriving sugar industry at the time
71. Old Iloilo City Hall
The Iloilo City Hall is the official seat of
government of the City of Iloilo, Philippines,
located in Plaza Libertad, Iloilo City Proper. It is
where the Mayor of Iloilo City holds office and the
chambers of the Iloilo City Council. It also hosts
several offices under the Iloilo City Government.
74. Bacolod Grande Mosque
A striking green mosque adorned with
delicate patterns & minarets. Aside from its
beauty, it also sits beside the tranquil Lake
Lanao. The lake breeze makes its way into
the masjid offering a serene experience.
76. Zamboanga City Hall
The Zamboanga City Hall has a Filipino colonial
architectural design. Located a mere two minutes
walk from City Hall, the Plaza was originally known
as “Plaza de Don Juan de Salcedo” in honor of one
of Spain's great Conquistadores of the 16th
century.
78. Sheik Karimol Makhdum
Mosque
Sheik Karimul Makhdum refers to the first
Arabian missionary to reach the country
specifically in Mindanao to propagate Islam as
early as 1380. b.) Sheik Karimul Makhdum
Mosque refers to the Muslim mosque built in
1380 or 633.
81. the memorial consists of
astanding bronze sculpture of
rizal with an obelisk set on a
stone foundation inside which his
remains are laid to rest, bearing
his two famous novels "El
Filibusterismo and Noli Me
Tángere."
Jose Rizal Monument
82. The Black Nazarene
is a life-sized image of a
dark, genuflecting image of
Jesus Christ carrying the
True Cross enshrined in
Minor Basilica of the Black
Nazarene in Quiapo, Manila,
Philippines.
83. The People Power Monument
The People Power Monument is a
monument built to commemorate the
events of the 1986 People Power
Revolution. The monument is located on
the corner of Epifanio de los Santos
Avenue and White Plains Avenue in
Barangay Camp Aguinaldo, Quezon City,
Philippines. It was made by Eduardo
Castrillo in 1993
84. recalls the Philippine Revolution which
was spearheaded by Andrés Bonifacio
who had urged his men to raise
against the colonial rule of Spain. His
call to take arms against the Spanish
rule was given on 23 August 1896,
which is widely known as "Cry of
Pugad Lawin."
Bonifacio National Monument
85. The Oblation is a concrete statue
by Philippine National Artist artist
Guillermo Tolentino which serves
as the iconic symbol of the
University of the Philippines. It
depicts a man facing upward with
arms outstretched, symbolizing
selfless offering of oneself to his
union.
The Oblation
86. The sculpture of the Virgin Mary
as the Our Lady of EDSA, Queen
of Peace is a prominent feature
of the EDSA Shrine. The
committee behind the
construction of the EDSA Shrine
commissioned sculptor Virginia
Ty-Navarro for the sculpture.
Our Lady of EDSA Sculpture
87. Kamay ni Hesus is a three
dimensional shape sculpture
that posses length, width, and
volume. It is also considered as
an organic shape due to the
fact that all of the statue's
attributes are free flowing,
informal, and irregular.
Kamay ni Hesus
89. Spoliarium
Spoliarium is a Latin word referring to
the basement of the Roman
Colosseum where the fallen and dying
gladiators are dumped and devoid of
their worldly possessions.
91. Planting Rice
The ‘Planting Rice with Mayon Volcano, Exhibits
the happiness across from the difficulties in
planting rice. The Filipino Villagers in their bright
clothes and straw hats plant together with a fresh
and green landscape of plenty. behind the filipino
villagers is the peaceful flume of steam.
93. Sabel
In BenCab's minds eye, Sabel was a symbol of
dislocation, despair, and isolation — the
personification of human dignity threatened by
circumstance. Sabel captured the mind of the
artist as her makeshift clothing, made out of
throwaway plastic sheets, created different
shapes while she moved around, scavenging for
food.
95. Madonna of The Slums
His Madonna of the Slums
is a portrayal of a mother
and child from the
countryside who became
urban shanty residents
once in the city.
96. The Parisian Life is lso known as Interior d’un
Cafi (or Inside a Café), the impressionist painting
is another masterpiece of Juan Luna. Unlike his
earlier works, the “Parisian Life” shy away from
his usual intense and dramatic subjects and
instead portrayed a “fleeting moment of
ordinary life” during his stay in Paris in the
1890s.
The Parisian Life
98. The Happiest Place on Earth
Another Filipino gem is
contemporary painter
Elmer Borlongan. Having
been born in the urban,
Borlongan strived to
depict the everyday life
in the city.
99. Yellow Confetti
he rise of the people and fall
of the dictatorship through
the 1986 EDSA People Power
Revolution are among the
major events that changed
the course of Philippine
history.
100. Fírst Mass at Limasawa
an interpretation of the first
documented Christian mass in the
Philippines in 1521, “First Mass at
Limasawa” is one of Carlos Modesto
“Botong” Villaluz Francisco’s most
important paintings.
102. Three Woman with Baskets
The only female member of “13 moderns”,
Anita Magsaysay-Ho’s artworks show her
high regard for women in Filipino culture.
This is true in all of her paintings including
“Three Women with Baskets” where she
pictured female basket weavers enamored
with their daily lives.
104. The painting is actually an allegory to human
imperfections. The earth colors symbolize the
weaknesses and limitations of humanity while
blue represent life and white background
represents the snow that starts to envelop the
mound. It shows no form, as how an abstract
expressionist painting really looks.
Hills of Nikko
107. is an annual showcase of films in
Davao City, Philippines, that
explores the myriad meanings of the
“ngilngig”—a common Bisaya
expression for something that is
“kuyaw” (fantastic) or for something
that elicits horror or alluding to the
macabre.
Ngilngig Asian Fantastic Film Festival
108. is organized by the University of
The Philippines and the PelikuLAB
organization. The festival
continues to provide a venue for
Region IV-A's (Calabarzon Region)
budding, experienced
independent filmmakers. The
festival usually takes place during
March in Los Baños, Laguna.
Pelikultural: The Calabarzon Film Festival
109. Another effort to bolster the
creative voices from the
regions, the CineKabalen Film
Festival aims to spotlight the
cinematic talent from
Pampanga and the Central
Luzon region.
CineKabalen
110. ran by filmmakers for filmmakers, is
currently the largest regional film
festival in the Philippines in terms of
programmed films, audience
attendance, number of venues,
number of workshops, number of
live film screenings, number of
outreach and satellite screenings.
CINEKASIMANWA: THE WESTERN VISAYAS
FILM FESTIVAL
111. is organized by the Mindanao Film & Television
Development Foundation Inc. This festival is
one of the oldest regional festivals in the
Philippines. The festival takes place in
December and accepts films made by
Mindanao filmmakers, films shot or related to
Mindanao.
Mindanao Film Festival
112. Binisaya
Founded by local filmmakers and established
in 2009, the Binisaya Film Festival aims to
develop a uniquely Cebuano sensibility by
providing a venue to showcase Bisaya films
and Global Cinema unfettered by commercial
constraints.
114. Tinikling
Tinikling is a traditional Philippine folk
dance which originated during the
Spanish colonial era. The dance
involves at least two people beating,
tapping, and sliding bamboo poles on
the ground and against each other in
coordination with one or more
dancers who step over and in between
the poles in a dance.
115. Cariñosa
is a Philippine dance of colonial-
era origin from the Maria Clara
suite of Philippine folk dances,
where the fan or handkerchief
plays an instrumental role as it
places the couple in a romance
scenario.
116. Pandanggo sa Ilaw
Pandanggo sa Ilaw is a waltz-style,
playful folk dance that exhibits a
distinctive fusion of local and
western indigenous dance types.
Pandanggo sa Ilaw simulates fireflies
at dusk or dawn light and flight. It
portrays a young man's courtship to a
maiden who caught his interest.
117. Pandangg Oasiwas
The Pandanggo Oasiwas is similar to the
Pandanggo sa Ilaw, and is typically performed
by fishermen to celebrate a good catch. In
this version, the lamps are placed in cloths or
nets and swung around as the dancers circle
and sway.
118. Sayaw Sa Banko or Sayaw ed
Tapew na Bangko (dance on top of
a bench), is a dance which
originates from Pangasinan and
researched by Jovita Sison. It is
performed by a couple on a narrow
bench, inching and hopping from
one end to another.
Sayaw sa Banko
119. Kuratsa is a dance of
flirtation and courtship,
designed to be danced with a
partner. Its movements
mimic the mating ritual of a
rooster and hen.
Kuratsa
120. Sublii is a dance, a religious ritual, a
“panata” or a solemn vow directed
to the Holy Cross for all the
blessings and the people's belief
that the cross has the power to
ward off evil spirits.
Subli
121. The Maglalatik (also known as
Manlalatik or Magbabao) is a folk
dance from the Philippines
performed by male dancers.
Coconut shell halves are secured
onto the dancers' hands and on
vests upon which are hung four or
six more coconut shell halves.
Maglalatik
122. Itik-itik is a mimetic folk dance in The
Philippines. It originated in the
province of Surigao in Mindanao. In
Itik-itik (from the Tagalog word for
"duck"), the dance steps imitate the
movements of ducks among rice
paddies and swamplands, such as
wading, flying, and short, choppy
steps.
Itik-Itik
123. Kappa Malong-malong dance
originates from the Maranao tribes
of Mindanao in the Philippines. The
dance shows many ways of wearing
the malong – a tubular yet
functional piece of cloth. Some
wear it as a shawl, a mantle or head
piece. Great musical entertainment
with the late Mr.
Kappa Malong-Malong
124. it is a popular dance performed
during celebrations and other
festive entertainment. Originally
only women, particularly royalty,
danced the Singkil, which serves
as either a conscious or
unconscious advertisement to
potential suitors.
Singkil
125. the jota encompasses a
variety of Spanish-
influenced dances
accompanied by the use of
bamboo castanets, held
loosely and unstrung.
La Jota Moncadeña
126. Surtido (literally, assortment) is
performed by several pairs of dancers,
with the head pair called cabeceras
and the side pairs, costados, guiding
the other dancers in varied quadrille
formations.
Surtido
128. Pantomina is a Bicolano folk dance
that came from the Spanish word
for “pantomime”, because of its
courting/wooing movements. Its
old name is "Salampati", Bicol
term for doves, so the dance is
sometimes referred to as the
“dance of the doves”.
Pantomina
129. Binasuan is a folk dance that originated in
Bayambang, Pangasinan,. The word “binasuan”
means “with the use of drinking glasses.” The
dancers balance glasses on their heads and in their
hands as they move. The glasses are filled with rice
wine, which makes any misstep a messy mistake.
Binasuan
134. is a popular old Ilocano folk song
possibly from the pre-Spanish era. It
is about a girl with a hardened heart.
who does not need her lover's
pleading. It is about courtship and
love.
Pamulinawen
135. Manang Biday
is a traditional Ilocano folksong in Northern
Luzon, particularly in the province of Ilocos.
This song implies the courtship of a young
maiden named Manang Biday. Serenading a
love interest is a custom of the Filipinos. Until
today, it is still practiced by the Ilocano.
136. Ti Ayat ti Maysa Nga Ubing
Ti Ayat ti Maysa Nga Ubing (The Love
of a Youth)is a humorous song advising
an old man who falls in love with a
very young girl to choose a widow, not
a young one who is already
committed.
138. Atin Ku Pung Singsing
is literally “I have a ring.” But the ring
is just a symbol. The focus of this line
is actually the space inside the ring,
which represents alaya. Alaya is the
spirit, the soul.
139. Doredo
is the name of a folk song of the
Pampanga region, whose language
is separate and distinct from the
Tagalog language.
141. Sarung Banggi
Sarung Banggi, which means "One
Night/Evening", is a very popular
song from the Bicol Region. The
region of Bicol is located at the
southern part of Luzon island.
143. Magtanim Ay 'Di Biro "Planting is not a
joke") is a popular Tagalog folk song
composed by Felipe de León. The song tells
of the struggles of farmers, how one must
twist and bend to plant rice in the muddy
paddies all day, with no chance to sit nor
stand.
Magtanim Ay 'Di Biro
144. The song is about a bahay kubo ( lit. 'Cube
House' in English), a house made of
bamboo with a roof of nipa leaves,
surrounded by different kind of
vegetables, and is frequently sung by
Filipino school children
Bahay Kubo
145. Leron, Leron sinta or "My Dear, Little Leron," is
a popular Filipino folk song from the Tagalog
region. It is traditionally a work song,
representing those who work in the fields
harvesting fruits, though the origin is unclear
due to the lack of scholarly literature that
examines Philippine folk music
Leron, Leron Sinta
146. also known as Sitsiritsit Alibangbang, is a Filipino folk
song. This humorous song describes a flirtatious
woman threatening a storeowner that the ants are
going to get him if he is not going to extend credit, as
well as unusual situations of exchanging a child for a
doll or bagoong. It is said to have originated during the
country's Spanish colonization, as its lyrics suggest
the ordinary life during that time
Sitsiritsit
147. Paruparong Bukid(The Field Butterfly) is a
humorous song comparing a butterfly to a
Filipina dressed in her glamourous formal
dress with tall butterfly sleeves as she
moves down the aisle of the church,
swaying her hips as every one looks on.
Paruparong Bukid
149. Matud Nila
"Matud Nila" is a classic Kundiman.
Kundiman is the Filipino term of
romantic songs. These songs are
used to serenade women as part of
the phases of Traditional Filipino
courtship.
150. Condansoy
Condansoy or Kondansoy is a Visayan
song mainly sung in Cebuano-speaking
regions, although local variations exist
in nearby provinces.
152. Ili Ili Tulog Anay
This tender lullaby from the Panay
Island in the Philippines is traditionally
sung by a sister or other female relative
to help the child fall asleep while the
mother is at work.
153. Dandansoy
Dandansoy is a Visayan Folk Song
that's also sung as a lullaby.
Dandansoy is the name of a boy
and this song is about the singer
leaving Dandansoy to go back to
his hometown.
155. Uruyan
Mindanao folk music includes the ancient
Muslim folk song and dance called estijaro,
and a Mindanao folk song called uruyan.
These are usually accompanied by drums,
gongs, or other percussion instruments like
the subing, a gong.
