About Punjab & Punjabi's.pptx

A Brief History
● Indus Valley / Harrapan Civilization 3300 BC
● Part of several empires
● Macedonian (Greek)
● Achaemenid (Persian)
● Mauryan
● Gupta
● Mughal
● Birthplace of Sikhism (Founded by 10 Gurus (Teachers)
● Foundations of Modern Punjab laid by Banda Bahadur (Sikh General Conscripted by 10th Guru)
● Sikh Empire
● Bifurcated into two parts between India and Pakistan by the British empire
● Subsequently reorganized into 3 states in Modern India
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Disclaimer : Content curated from various sources, not necessarily verified.

Punjab’s Significance in Conquests of Asia
“Punjab has been considered the northern gate of entry
for the Indian subcontinent for centuries. Often the land
border that was most frequently invaded to gain access
to treasurers of India.”
• Aryans (Central Asia)
• Alexander the Great (Greece)
• Cyrus the Great (Persian)
• Timur Lane (Central Asia)
• Babar / Mughals (Central Asia)
• Nadir Shah / Ahmed Shah Abdali (Afghans)
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Birthplace of Sikhism
● Founded by Guru Nanak (1469-1539) in Punjab, a part of the Indian subcontinent in the late 15th century and
subsequently led by a succession of nine other Gurus (1539 - 1708)
● Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib was designated successor, bringing to a close the line of human Gurus and
establishing the scripture as the 11th and last eternally living Guru
● Concept of Religion and Politics being intertwined to protect the followers of the faith
● Led to the establishment of the Sikh Empire
● Sikhism is the fifth-largest religion in the world with about 25-30 million adherents
● Core beliefs of Sikhism
○ Equality and Unity of all mankind (no differentiation based on caste, creed or gender)
○ Honest Productive Living
○ Meditation and letting the Creator guide your actions based on the Gurus teachings
○ Share the fruits of your labor with the less fortunate
"Under orders of the Immortal Being,
the faith was created. All the Sikhs are
enjoined to accept the Granth as their
Guru. Consider the Guru Granth as
embodiment of the Gurus. "
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The Sikh Empire
● Founded by Maharaja Ranjit Singh
● United the 12 Sikh Misl (Brigades controlling Punjab after collapse of Mughal authority)
● 50 Year Rule which pushed the borders of the kingdom to Tibet and Afghanistan
● Court Language was Persian (Iran) and not Punjabi or Urdu
● Had Muslim, Hindu and European Generals in addition to Sikh Generals
● Overwhelming part of the population was Muslim and Hindus and Sikhs are estimated to
have been about 20- 25%
● Internal Divisions post Ranjit Singhs demise led to defeat by the British in the Anglo-Sikh
wars and the empire coming under British control
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What’s in the name?
The Region’s name is founded on the
5 rivers that run through Punjab. These
rivers are a huge part of the
geographical significance and military
advantage of the region.
Broken down, Punj meaning 5 and Aab
meaning water. Punjab is the land of 5
rivers.
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Integration into British India
● Impressed with their fighting skills, the British were quick to incorporate the Punjabis into
British Army in Sikh Regiments
● A large part of the British Indian Army had soldiers from the Punjab (some estimates put the
number at 54%)
● Fought several significant battles during WWI and WWII in Europe, North Africa and South
East Asia
● Battle of Saragarhi in 1897
○ 21 Sikh Soldiers versus 10,000 Afghans
○ Recognized by UNESCO as an example of collective bravery
○ All 21 soldiers were posthumously awarded the Indian Order of Merit
● Memorials to Punjabi soldiers have been raised to recognize their services to the Empire
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Punjab’s struggle for Independence
By the start of the 20th Century Nationalist movement started to
take hold in Punjab due to
● Political subjugation, Impoverishment of peasantry,
● Drainage of wealth, Repressive land revenue settlement,
● Racial discrimination, Influx of democratic, liberal and rational
ideas
Key Events
● Kuka Movement
● Formation of Ghadhar Party
● Jallianwala Bagh
Key Figures
● Lala Lajpat Rai
● Bhagat Singh
● Uddham Singh
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Religion before partition
The demographics
changed after 1947
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A Region Divided
Essential Timeline:
1947 - Partition Line cut through the state
1966 - States of India further divided under the republic
”Governance of Punjab has always been
contentious as the region shifted from the
British empire to the Republic of India and the
Islamic Republic of Pakistan.”
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Tourism in Punjab
Golden Temple Amritsar India (Sri
Harimandir Sahib Amritsar)
Not only a central religious place of the Sikhs, but
also a symbol of human brotherhood and
equality. Everybody, irrespective of cast, creed or
race can seek spiritual solace and religious
fulfilment without any hindrance. It also
represents the distinct identity, glory and heritage
of the Sikhs
Jagatjit Palace
Once the residence of the erstwhile
Maharaja of the State of Kapurthala,
Maharaja Jagatjit Singh. The palace was
built in 1908 and is has a remarkable Indo-
Saracen architecture and is modeled after
the Versailles Palace.
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Fashion in Punjab
The Punjabi population has always dressed with a sense of comfortable
elegance. With men often wearing Tehmat & Kurta’s. While women often wear
Salwas Kaameej.
Though you may see many Punjabis wearing simpler clothes on a day to day
basis, don’t doubt the elegance of Punjabi traditional clothing when it comes to
celebrating weddings or festivals.
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Punjabi Food
Makki roti & Saag
Paratha
Poori Chole
Pinni
Makki roti
& Saag
Besan
Laddo
Lassi
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What are Wadiyan?
Wadiyan is sun-dried spicy lentil
dumplings that give you a flavor burst in
every bite. This vegan and gluten free
North Indian curry is perfect for a delicious
warm weeknight dinner!
15

Punjabi Crafts - Phulkari
It is the rural handmade embroidery tradition of Punjab and is also known as the folk embroidery of Punjab. Even
though Phulkari means floral work, the designs in this embroidery comprised not only flowers but also included
various motifs and geometrical patterns and shapes.
16

Games played in Punjab
Hockey Cricket Kabaddi
Guli Danda Geete (5 stones) Stapoo (Hopscotch)
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Dance : Bhangra & Gidda with Dhol
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Punjabi People in different fields
Punjabi’s have excelled in military, sports, arts and practically all spheres
● Military
● Sports
● Politics
● Science
● Movies
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Freedom Fighters
Bhagat Singh Lala Lajpat Rai Udham Singh
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International Athletes from Punjab
Milkha Singh
Known as "The Flying Sikh", was an Indian track and field sprinter
who was introduced to the sport while serving in the Indian Army. He
is the only athlete to win gold at 400 metres at the Asian Games as
well as the Commonwealth Games. He also won gold medals in the
1958 and 1962 Asian Games
Abhinav Apjit Bindra
An Indian Olympic gold medallist, (2008) retired sport shooter, and
businessman.
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Nobel Laureates
Har Gobind Khorana and Abdus Salam
were Punjabi origin scientists who won Nobel prizes in
Medicine 1968 and Physics 1979
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Hockey
- Punjab has produced many hockey legends such as Balbir Singh Senior, Pargat Singh,
Surinder Singh Sodhi and others who won Olympic gold medals and World Cup titles for India¹².
- Punjab is also known as the home of hockey, especially Jalandhar city, where many hockey
players hail from and where hockey sticks are manufactured.
- Punjab has the highest number of players in the Indian hockey team, with 11 out of 18 players
in the men's squad and two out of 16 players in the women's squad coming from the state.
- Punjab has also rewarded its hockey players generously, with Rs 1 crore each for the men's
team members who won the bronze medal at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.
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Cricket
● Virat Kohli
● Yuvraj Singh
● Harbhajan SIngh
● Siddhu - Navjot SIngh
● Bishan Singh Bedi
● Lala Amarnath
Punjab has produced some of India’s
most celebrated cricketers. Including
Virat Kohli one of the greatest players
in the game
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Politicians
Manmohan Singh is an Indian politician,
economist, academician and bureaucrat who
served as the 13th Prime Minister of India from
2004 to 2014. M.A. (Economics), Panjab
University, Chandigarh, First Class with first
position in the University, Economics Tripos (First
Class Honours), University of Cambridge, U.K.,
D.Phil, Nuffield College, University of Oxford, U.K.
Kiran Bedi was an Indian social activist, born on in
Amritsar, India. She began her career in police She
was the first woman in India to join the officer ranks
of the Indian Police Service in 1972 and was the
24th Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry from 28
May 2016 to 16 February 2021.
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In Space
● Rakesh Sharma Born in Patiala, Rakesh Sharma is a
former Indian Air Force test pilot. He is the first Indian
citizen to have travelled in space*. When the former
Indian prime minister, Indira Gandhi asked Sharma how
India looked from space, he famously replied, “Saare
jahaan se accha, Hindustan hamara.” 1984
● Kalpana Chawla Born in Karnal in Punjab (present day
Haryana), Kalpana Chawla was an American astronaut
of Indian origin who flew on the Space Shuttle Columbia
in 1997 as a primary robotic arm operator. Her second
space flight came in 2003 on the STS-107, the 28th and
final flight of Columbia. During this flight, the space
shuttle orbited for over 15 days, successfully conducting
a number of experiments. Upon its re-entry, however,
Columbia disintegrated, killing all seven members on
board.
26

Heros in action
● Hari Singh Nalwa was the commander in chief of the Sikh Khalsa Fauj,The
army of the Sikh Empire under Maharaj Ranjit Singh
● He was born Hari Singh in 1791 in Gujranwala which is now in Pakistan.
● Nalwa was a title bestowed to him by Maharajah Singh for saving his life by
killing a tiger with his bare hands while on a hunt. Nalwa means slayer of a
tiger
● He drew terror in the hearts of Afghans and was the only one who was able to
defeat them in their battles to protect their land
● He was injured in the battle of Jamrud and his body was propped up on the
ramparts of the fort to keep the Afghans away till more troops and
fortifications arrived.
● He died on April 30th 1837. The Government of India issued on his martyrdom
day 2013.
● He is known as the most famous warrior in Sikh History.
Trivia : His great grandson seventh generation - Mandeep Singh Nalwa
is a Singaporean & lives in Singapore .
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Heros in action
Neerja Bhanot, head attendant on the flight, was shot
dead while saving passengers on Pan Am Flight 73
which had been hijacked by terrorists from a terrorist
organization during a stopover in Karachi, Pakistan, on
5 September 1986. She posthumously received the
highest civil award Tamgha-e-Pakistan from Pakistan
as well as India's highest peacetime award for bravery,
the Ashok Chakra Award, for her efforts to save
passengers' lives.
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Punjabi Miss Indias
Juhi Chawla 1984 Manpreet Brar 1995 Priyanka Chopra - 2000
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Designers
Born in Amritsar, Punjab, Ritu Kumar is a native of Delhi.
Manish Malhotra was born to a Punjabi family in Mumbai, India
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Bollywood
● RK Studio & Kapoor family - Raj, Shammi, Shashi ,Rishi, Randhir, Neetu
Singh, Karishma, Kareena, Ranbir
● Yash Chopra , Gulzar real name Sampooran Singh Kalra
● Priyanka Chopra - Also Miss India 2000, Juhi Chawla Miss India 1984,
Kiron Kher
● Akshay Kumar, Kapil Sharma , Rajesh Khanna, Vinod Khanna, Dharmendra,
Raj Babbar, Dara Singh, Rakesh Roshan , Prem Chopra, Amrish Puri, Gulshan
Grover, Ranjeet, Poonam Dhillon, Puneet Issar, Bobby Deol, Sunny Deol,
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Punjabi’s in International News
Rishi Sunak was born in Southampton to parents of
Punjabi descent who migrated to Britain from East Africa
in the 1960s.
Ajaypal Singh Banga (born November 10, 1959) is an
Indian-born American business executive
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MP’s in UK & Canada
Mr Tanmanjeet Singh Dhesi is the Labour and has
been an MP continuously since 8 June 2017. He
currently undertakes the role of Shadow Minister
(Transport) UK
Harjit Singh Sajjan, PC, OMM, MSM, CD, soldier,
policeman, politician, Minister of National Defence
2015–21, Minister of International Development
2021–present (born 6 September 1970, in Bombeli,
Hoshiarpur, India). Canada
And many more 33

Punjabi Diaspora in the world
● The Punjabi diaspora refers to the descendants of ethnic Punjabis who emigrated out of the Punjab
region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent to the rest of the world.
● The Punjabi diaspora numbers around 2.5 to 10 million, mainly concentrated in Britain, Canada,
United States, Western Europe, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Australia and New Zealand.
● The Punjabi diaspora is heterogeneous and includes different religious and cultural groups such as
Sikhs, Hindus, Muslims and Christians.
● The Punjabi diaspora has contributed to the economic, social and cultural development of their host
countries as well as their ancestral homeland.
● The Punjabi diaspora maintains a strong sense of identity and connection with their language,
culture and heritage
● The largest Sikh populations in Canada are found in Ontario, followed by British Columbia and
Alberta. As of the 2021 Census, more than half of Canada's Sikhs can be found in one of four cities:
Brampton (163,260), Surrey (154,415), Calgary (49,465), and Edmonton (41,385).
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Fun Facts
● Patiala Peg coined by Punjabi’s
● Partying nature Punjabis can't party when they sleep, but they are
working on it
● Shadow words usage like Picture-Victure/ Khana -Vana
● Punjabi music in Indian movies & events
● Punjabis swear a lot, but it's just a way of showing affection. If they are
abusing you, it means you are practically family
● Punjabis have a funny accent. They pronounce Canada as Kaneda².
● Punjabis are always joking because they are high on desi ghee, all the
time².
● Punjabis make parantha with everything . Aloo parantha, gobhi parantha,
paneer parantha, rice parantha, dal parantha, keema parantha,
● Punjabis are obsessed with milk and milk products. They will ask you to
drink one more glass of lassi even if you are full.
● Punjabis have incredibly lavish weddings, but they are nothing compared
to the parties that happen afterwards.
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Punjabi’s in Singapore
• Sikhs came as part of British Army
• Central Sikh Temple is the first Sikh gurdwara in Singapore.
Established in 1912,
• Currently, there are 12,000-15,000 Sikhs in Singapore
• There are 7 Sikh Temples along with a missionary society,
• Lots of MDW from Punjab work in SIngapore
• Scoot flies direct to Amritsar. The distance is 2847 miles.
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Festivals : Baisakhi
Vaisakhi, also pronounced Baisakhi as well as Basoa, marks
the first day of the month of Vaisakh and is traditionally
celebrated annually on 13 April and sometimes 14 April. It is
seen as a celebration of spring harvest primarily in Northern
India
The festival gained religious significance for Sikhs when Guru
Gobind Singh – the 10th and final living guru for Sikhs –
created the Khalsa in 1699.
According to the Khalsa calendar starts with the creation of the
Khalsa which is 1 Vaisakh 1755 (13 April 1699). Accordingly,
Vaisakhi has been the traditional Sikh new year
37

How is Baisakhi Celebrated
● Farmers rejoice the harvest & enjoy & relax
● Gurdwaras are decorated
● Visit the Gurdwara for thanksgiving for year
gone & blessing for the new year
● Community festivities with dancing -
Bhangra & Gidda
● Fairs with Food, Ferris Wheel etc
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