PPT on Gauss Gun By Sai Chaithanya Sharma.

1. A
PRESENTATION
ON
ELECTROMAGNETIC COIL GUN
BY
Sai Chaithanya
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Institute of Technology,
Ujire-574240

2.  Gauss rifle is a type of projectile accelerator.
 Consisting of one or more coils used as
electromagnets.
 Range: 10gram to 100kg of weight and speed up
to 1 Km/sec.
 Suitable for military purpose and has a Future in
next generation advanced weaponry.

3.  First Coil gun was developed and Patented by Norwegian
scientist Kristian Birkeland in 1904.
 In 1933 Texan inventor Virgil Rigsby developed a
stationary coil gun that was Designed to be used like a
MACHINE GUN.

5.  Electro magnetic gun uses the Lorentz Force (J*B).
 It works on principle of induction and repulsion.
 Single stage or Multistage coils are placed coaxially [as
Barrel].
 Path of the accelerating projectile lies along the central
axis.
 Windings of conductors are across the coils [voltage
supply].

6. Principle
Lorentz force
(J*B)
Electromagnetic
induction.
Magnetic
Attraction.

7.  The current applied to the coil creates magnetic flux.
 Coils are switched in such a way that projectile is
accelerated quickly via Magnetic forces.
 If repulsive and attractive forces were of the same
magnitude, the projectile would remain motionless.

8.  There are two type of setups ,single and multi
stage.
 Single staged coilgun formed by a single coil
of wire.
 Ferromagnetic projectile is placed at one of its
end.

9.  Power is supplied from fast discharge devices.
 Typically a battery or high voltage and capacity
capacitor.
 Infrared or photosensitive sensor is placed at the
middle of the path of acceleration.
 Solid –state switches (IGBTs or MOSFETs) are
used for switching .

10. Ferromagnetic
Projectile
Barrel
Windings

12. Energizing the
coil
• A large
current from
the charged
capacitor is
pulsed
through the
coil .
• It forms a
strong
magnetic
field. .
Pulling the
projectile.
• Ferromagnetic
projectile is
pulled to the
center of the
coil.
• At this point
the
electromagnet
must be
switched off.
• Photo-sensitive
sensors or
infrared
sensors are
used for this
part.
Firing of the
projectile.
• the sensor
senses the
projectile and
the circuit is
switched-off.
• When the
current is
switched off ;
projectile
travels forward
down the
barrel, exits the
gun and moves
towards the
intended
target.

13. Magnetic
circuit
Electric
circuit
Switching
Circuit

14.  Barrel of the projectile is made up of a track
that projectile rides on.
 Driver is the magnetic coils around the track.
 Low inductance copper coils are used for this
purpose.

15. 12
)12(
tt
VVm
mapF



Where,
Fp = electromagnetic force experienced by the
projectile.
m = mass of the projectile (in Kg).
V 1 = velocity of the projectile at time t1.
V2 = velocity of the projectile at time t2.

16.  Fast discharge capacitors are used for
magnetizing the coil.
 Capacitor bank is used to obtain the high
voltage and current.

17.  Highly sensitive photo sensors are used to
sense the position of projectile.
 Solid state switch used must be of high current
carrying capacity.
 Ex: IGBT, MOSFET etc

19. Where,
Wm = Kinetic energy increment,
Wc = Original Electric energy stored in the
Capacitors.
m = Mass of the projectile (in Kg).
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
)(
2
1
CV
vvm
Wc
Wm



20. coil.theofMass=m
material.coiltheofcapacityheatSpecific=C
coil.theofResistance=R
Celsius.degreeinraiseeTemperaturWhere,
c
v
2
dtI
mc
R
T
cv


21.  Most conventional firearms which can be easily
constructed .
 Has high performance during action.
 Can be able to adapt or be adapted to many
different areas of applications.
 Usage of explosive gun powders can be avoided
permanently.

22.  The peak power issue.
 Need of good capacitors.
 User is prone to electrocution.
 Enormous heat may cause errors in accuracy.

23.  Much higher efficiency and energy can be obtained with designs of greater expense
and sophistication. In 1978, Bondaletov in the USSR achieved record acceleration
with a single stage by sending a 2 gram ring to 5000 m/s in 1cm of length, but the
most efficient modern designs tend to involve many stages.
 Electromagnetic aircraft catapults are planned, including on board future U.S.
Gerald R. Ford class aircraft carriers. An experimental induction coil gun version
of an Electromagnetic Missile Launcher (EMML) has been tested for launching
tomahawk Missiles.
 A coil gun based active defense system for tanks is under development at HIT in
China.
 NASA planes to create a coil gun based launcher to launch small satellite.

24. Thank You…