This presentation is for how to save Earth by global warming!!@

1. Global Warming

4. Greenhouse Gases

7. Ice Melting

11. "ThisisthelargestsingleeventinaseriesofretreatsbyiceshelvesinthePeninsulaoverthe
last30years.Theretreatsareattributedtoastrongclimatewarmingintheregion.Therateof
warming is approximately 0.5 degrees Celsius per decade, and the trend has been present
sinceatleastthelate1940s.OverallinthePeninsula,extentofseveniceshelveshasdeclined
byatotalofabout13,500km2since1974.Thisvalueexcludesareasthatwouldbeexpected
tocalveunderstableconditions."

16. Glaciers are large masses of ice which form in areas of high snowfall and cool temperatures,
even in summer. Glaciers are located in Antarctica, or at high altitudes on the slopes of large
mountains (Alpine Glaciers).
"A glacier is maintained byaccumulation of snow at high altitudes, balanced bymelting at
low altitudes or discharge into the sea." (19)
Alpine glaciers are particularlysusceptible to shifts in climate and respond to long term
changes in the Earth’s climate. As the temperature of the Earth increases the melting at the
base of the glacier happens faster than the speed at which it moves down the slope or valley.
(20)
Once a glacier has disappeared altogether, there is far less melt-water. Currently, millions of
people around the world relyin part, or completely on rivers fed by glaciers.

18. Atmospheric radiator
The key is the Gulf Stream. After it emerges from the Caribbean, it splits in two, with one
part heading north-east to Europe and the other circulating back through the tropical Atlantic.
As the north-eastern branch flows, it gives off heat to the atmosphere, which in turn warms
European land.
"It's like a radiator giving its heat to the atmosphere," said Harry Bryden from the National
Oceanography Centre (NOC) at Britain's Southampton University. "The heat it gives off is
roughly equivalent to the output of a million power stations," he told reporters.
By the time it reaches the northern latitudes around Greenland and Iceland, the water has
cooled so much that it sinks towards the ocean floor, a process known as "overturning". This
cooler water heads south, forming the return stream of a conveyor belt. The complete cycle
sees warm water coming northwards on the ocean's surface, and the cold water returning
hundreds or thousands of metres underwater.

20. Florida-basedscientistsmonitorthenorthwards-flowingGulfStream,andhavefoundithas
remainedroughlyconstantoverthelast50years.TheNOCresearchersconcentratedonthe
colderwaterflowingsouth;andtheyfoundthatoverthelasthalfcentury,thesecurrentshave
changedmarkedly.
"Wesawa30%declineinthesouthwardsflowofdeepcoldwater,"saidHarryBryden."And
sothesummaryisthatin2004,wehavealargercirculatingcurrent[inthetropicalAtlantic]
andlessoverturning."AndlessheatthendeliveredtoEuropeanshores.

21. First evidence
Computer models of climate have regularlypredicted that the North Atlantic conveyor may
well reduce in intensityor even turn off altogether, a concept that was pushed beyond
credence in the Hollywood blockbuster The Day After Tomorrow.
What happens is that as Arctic ice melts and Arctic rivers flow faster - trends which have
both been documented - the northern oceans become less saline. Less salinitymeans a lower
density; the waters then cannot sink, so the conveyor weakens.
Computer models have predicted that if it turned off completely, Europe would cool by
perhaps four to six degrees Celsius. Commenting in Nature, Detlef Quadfasel from the
Universityof Hamburg writes that the NOC experiments provide "...the first observational
evidence that such a decrease of the oceanic overturning circulation is well underway."

23. Source
Global Mean
Temperature
Change
(°C) (a)
Atmospheric CO2
Stabilisation
Level (ppmv)
Azar and Rodhe (1997) (4) 1.4 375
Climate Options for the Long-Term (2002) (5) 1.5 450
Climate Taskforce (2005) (6) 1.4 400
Environmental Systems Analysis Group (2005) (7) 0.9
European Climate Forum (2004) (8) 1.9 (b)
European Union (1996) (9) 1.4 550
Hansen et al. (2005) (10) 1.0 475
Klimatkommittén (2000) (11) 550
Mastrandrea and Schneider (2004) (12) 2.9 (c)
O’Neill and Oppenheimer (2002) (13) 2.0 450
Rijsberman and Swart (1990) (14) 1.4
Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution (2003) (15) 550
Wissenschaftlicher Beirat der Bundesregierung (1995) (16) 1.3
Wissenschaftlicher Beirat der Bundesregierung (2003) (17) 1.4
Average 1.5 475
Table notes:
(a) Relative to 1990, assuming 0.6°C of warming occurred between the industrial revolution and 1990
(b) "Critical limits" estimated as 1.4-2.5°C; midpoint of this range used here
(c) Median estimate of the threshold for "dangerous anthropogenic interference"

28. Carbon Offset
Some things that we do cause carbon dioxide to be made and there is nothing we can do
about it. An example of this is travelling by aeroplane. To make up for this, we can buy a
carbon offset.
For example, to carbon offset a flight between Sydney and Melbourne, you could pay a
company $8 to plant trees which will absorb the carbon dioxide your flight made.
This means that your travel has become carbon neutral.

29. DIDYOUKNOW?
Astandardcompactfluorescentlampsavesabout750kgsofgreenhousegasand$45overits
lifetime.

30. Save Earth by:

31. Electric Vehicles
Hybrid Vehicles

34. Global Warming Health Threats
Global warming is already affecting human health around
the world. The impact will be widespread, and plans to
cope are needed now.
HOTSPOTS
Click on the map to view examples of health hotspots and preparedness plans.
HEALTH IMPACTS
Global warming affects human health worldwide, from diminished air quality to degraded food and water supplies to catastrophic
weather events.

35. The Consequences of Global Warming
On Glaciers and Sea Levels
Arctic summerscould beice-free by 2040,andsea levels
couldriseas much as 23 inches by 2100ifcurrent
warmingpatterns continue.
Melting Glaciers, Early Ice Thaw
Rising global temperatures will speed the melting of glaciers and ice caps and cause early ice thaw
on rivers and lakes.

36. Warning signs today:
 After existing for many millennia, the northern section of
the Larsen B ice shelf in Antarctica -- a section larger than the
state of Rhode Island -- collapsed between January and March
2002, disintegrating at a rate that astonished scientists. Since
1995, the ice shelf's area has shrunk by 40 percent.
 According to NASA, the polar ice cap is now melting at the alarming rate of nine percent per
decade. Arctic ice thickness has decreased 40 percent since the 1960s.
 Arctic sea ice extent set an all-time record low in September 2007, with almost half a million
square miles less ice than the previous record set in September 2005, according to the
National Snow and Ice Data Center. Over the past 3 decades, more than a million square
miles of perennial sea ice -- an area the size of Norway, Denmark and Sweden combined --
has disappeared.

37. The Consequences of Global Warming
On Wildlife
Rising temperatures ravage coral reefs and melt the
habitats of polar bears and Antarctic penguins.
Ecosystem Shifts and Species Die-Off
Increasing global temperatures are expected to disrupt ecosystems, pushing to extinction
those species that cannot adapt. The first comprehensive assessment of the extinction risk
from global warming found that more than 1 million species could be obliterated by 2050 if
the current trajectory continues.

39. The Consequences of Global Warming
On Health
Hotterweatherenablesdeadlymosquitoestotravel
greaterdistances;carbondioxideintheairaggravates
asthmaandallergies.
DeadlyHeat Waves
Morefrequentandsevere heat waves will result in agreater number of heat-relateddeaths.

41. The Consequences of Global Warming
On Weather Patterns
Higher temperatures could lead to increased droughts and
wildfires, heavier rainfall and a greater number of
Category 4 and 5 hurricanes.
More Powerful and Dangerous Hurricanes
Warmer water in the oceans pumps more energy into tropical storms, making them stronger and
potentially more destructive.

43. GlobalWarmingisanInternationalIssue
Displaythislogoonyourwebsiteorblog!

48. Attributed and expected effects
Environmental
Mainarticles:EffectsofglobalwarmingandRegionaleffectsofglobalwarming

49. Mitigation
Main article: Mitigation of global warming

50. Debate and skepticism
Main articles: Global warming controversy and Politics of global warming
See also: Scientific opinion on climate change, Climate change consensus, and Climate change denial
Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in 2000, including land-use change.
Per country greenhouse gas emissions in 2000, including land-use change.

51. Economic
Mainarticles:EconomicsofglobalwarmingandLow-carboneconomy
Projectedtemperatureincreaseforarangeofstabilizationscenarios(thecoloredbands).Theblack
line in middle of the shaded area indicates 'best estimates'; the red and the blue lines the likely
limits.FromIPCCAR4.

52. Thanks….
Made by: Sahil Raj