HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION IN DETAIL

1. O41/B.ED/V.D.I.T/2O16-2O18

2. Harappa is an archaeological site in
Punjab , Pakistan , about 24km west of
Sahiwal .
The site take its name from a modern
village located near the former course
of the RAVI river.

3.  LOCATION- Sahiwal District ,
Pakistan
 TYPE-Settlement
 AREA- 150 ha (370acres)
 CULTURES- IndusValley Civilization
 CONDITION- Ruined
 OWNERSHIP-Pakistan
 PUBLIC ACCESS-Yes

5.  The site of the ancient city contains the ruins
of a Bronze Age fortified city , which was a
part of the Cemetery H culture and the Indus
Valley Civilization , centered in Sindh and the
Punjab.

7. The Harappan artists knew the art
of bronze casting. They used
special lost wax process in which
the wax figures were covered with a
coating of clay.

8.  The patterns and crafts tradition was well
established during the IndusValley
Civilization.
 Objects in stone , bronze and terracotta
have been found.
 Many terracotta toys , animals and
figurines and painted pottery with design
of birds, flowers, leaves etc are found.
 The Harappan people also made models
of animals , specially monkeys and
squirrels.

10.  The excavators of the site have proposed the
following chronology of Harappa’s
occupation:
 1.Ravi Aspect of the Hakra phase, c. 3300-
2800 BC.
 Kot Dijian phase ,c.2800-2600 BC.
 Harappan phase , c.2600-1900 BC.
 Transitional phase , c.1900-1800 BC.
 Late Harappan phase , c.1800-1300 BC.

12.  CAUSES OF DECLINE OF HARAPPAN
CIVILIZATION-
 Law of nature
 Floods
 Earthquake
 Change of the course of the Indus
 Plague
 Foreign Invasion

15. FACTS OF HARAPPA -

16.  ROLL NO- 04117402116
 SAAD ALI
 REFERENCE BOOK-