COLON CANCER PPT

1. COLON CANCER (B.SC
NURSING 3RD YEAR)
LECTURER: SUDESHNA BANERJEE
DUTTA
SHRI R.S.V.M B.SC NURSING
COLLEGE

2. DEFINITION
➢ Colon cancer happens when tumorous
growth develops in the large intestine.
➢ It’s the 3rd most common types of
cancer.
➢ When colon and rectal cancer occur
together, then it’s called as colorectal
cancer.

3. ETIOLOGY
➢ Family history
➢ Genetic factor
➢ Diet high in fat & spices (specifically animal
source)
➢ Presence of polyps which hasn,t been
treated

5. WHAT ARE POLYPS????
Polyps are a small clump of cells that
forms on the lining of colon or rectum.
If the polyps are malignant, then it can
spread to other parts of the body
through metastasis.

6. SIGN & SYMPTOMS
▪ Diarrhoea/ constipation
▪ Rectal bleeding or blood in stool
▪ Abdominal pain(cramps)
▪ Pain during bowel movements
▪ Continual urges to defecate
▪ Loss of appetite
▪ Weakness or fatigue
▪ Unexpected weight loss
▪ Iron deficiency anemia (due to blood loss)

7. STAGES OF COLON CANCER
❑ Stage 1: Tumor is small & hasn’t grown outside the
organ it started in.
❑ Stage 2: Tumor is larger than stage 1 but, hasn’t
spread to nearby tissues.
❑ Stage 3: Tumor is large & has spread to nearby
tissues and lymph nodes.
❑ Stage 4: Tumor has spread through the blood or
lymphatic system to a distant site of the body.

9. TREATMENT
Treatment depends on the type and stage
of the cancer, patient’s age, health status
etc.
But, the most common option for colon
cancer is surgery.

10. Involves
resection of
recto-
sigmoid
colon with
creation of a
colostomy.

12. TRANSANAL LOCAL EXCISION:
❑Used to remove
some early stage 1
rectal cancers that
are cancerous but
hasn’t spread.
❑Removes the
rectum, anal canal
and anus and
Preserves the
sigmoid colon.

13. ❖TOTAL COLECTOMY:
Entire colon is removed (Lane’s operation)
❖Total proctocolectomy:
If the rectum is also removed with the
colon.