This document describes different types of wiring systems used to transmit electrical signals through conductors. It discusses wooden casing and capping wiring which uses grooved wooden casings and capping to cover copper or aluminum wires. It also covers cabtyre sheathed wiring which uses insulated wires running through teak wood battens. Other wiring types discussed include cleat wiring using porcelain cleats to hold rubber insulated wires, lead sheathed wiring which encases insulated wires in a lead alloy sheet, and conduit wiring where wires are installed inside steel conduits for protection.

1. MADE BY:

2. ⬜ A large proportion of the electrical signals are
transmitted through solid electric conductors.
Such electrical signal carrying conductors take
the form of wire or cable.
⬜ A wire is a single conductor. A cable is
configuration of insulated wire bounded
together. A large signal power wire is also called
a cable.
⬜ The better the electric conductor, the lower
will be the resistance. Thus very low resistance
losses will occur during the transmission of
electrical signals.
⬜ So, the conductors in the wire and cables are
made up of copper and aluminium.

3. I. Wooden Casing and Capping Wiring
II. CTS(Cabtyre Sheathed Wiring)
III. Cleat Wiring
IV. Lead Sheathed Wiring
V. Conduit Wiring

4. ⬜ Such wiring is carried out in grooves of wooden
casing.
⬜ The casing is made of season teak wood and is
used in rectangular blocks having a number of
grooves equal to the number of wires.
⬜ After the Conductors are fixed in the grooves
of casing, they are covered in teak wood capping
of rectangular blocks having the same width as
that of the casing.
⬜ Such type of wiring is used for voltage for
250V. It is necessery to safeguard it against
dampness and risk of fire.
⬜ Such type of wiring is inexpensive and easy to
install and repair. However the appearance that
is gives is very shabby.

6. ⬜ Such a type of wiring is used in resident
used cabtyre sheathed wire as the
conductor.
⬜ These wire runs in teak wood battens which
in turns are fixed on the walls or ceilings by
mean of screws and wooden plugs.
⬜ Such wire are not much affected by
chemicals and steam.
⬜ They have a better appearance compared to
the wooden capping and wiring. Also they
have a longer life with less risk of fire.

8. ⬜ Such type of wiring is used for temporary
connections. E.g., for functions, marriages
etc. Here Vulcanized Indian Rubber(VIR) or
Polyvinyl chloride(PVC) insulated wire is used
as a conductors.
⬜ These wire are run on the walls and ceiling
with the help of porcelain cleats. These are
grooves provided on the cleat base to
accommodate the wire.
⬜ Once the wire are run into the cleat base,
the cap of the cleat is placed over it.

10. ⬜ The conductor used here are insulated with
Vulcanized Indian Rubber.
⬜ Then, an outer shed made of lead- aluminium
alloy containing 95% lead and 5% aluminium
is used to cover the insulated conductor.
⬜ This sheet protects the wiring from
mechanical injury, atmosphere action and
dampness.
⬜ The overall cost of the cable is very high. It
is used only in low voltage installations.

12. ⬜ The Conductors used here are insulated with
polyvinyl chloride or vulcanized Indian rubber. They
are then carried in middle steel tubes commonly
called conduits.
⬜ These conduits are then installed on the wall’s
surfaced or concealed in the wall or ceilings.
⬜ They are concealed inside the plaster of the walls
and hence the appearance of the house or the
building remains unaffected.
⬜ Such a type of wiring is considered best for
domestic and commercial installation.
⬜ It provides protections against fire hazards,
mechanical damage, dampness and shocks.
⬜ This type of installation has a long life. It is
costliest wiring system.