Parents who had negative school experiences may be hesitant to participate in their own child's education. To encourage involvement, one could communicate that all students benefit from parental involvement, as research shows it leads to better academic and social outcomes. One could also discuss theories of social and emotional development that highlight the importance of parental support and involvement in a child's learning and well-being.

1. Adults who had a bad experience in school as children often are
not interested or willing to participate in school events with
their children. By what means would you communicate and what
would you say to parents who do not want to be involved in
their child’s education? What theories and philosophies would
you cite to help the parent see the value in their involvement?