Universal Joint and Drive Shaft Failure points covered

1. CASE STUDY ON
UNIVERSAL JOINT YOKE & DRIVE SHAFT
FATIGUE FAILURE IN POWER
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
GROUP MEMBERS: -
1. Rupesh N. Waje
2. Rutvij A. Wakalkar
3. Saideep M. Vakte
4. Vinayak J.Umate GUIDED BY: -
5. Sumit M. Khobragade Mr. S. P. Dhavane

2. POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

3. UNIVERSAL JOINT
Universal joint is a positive mechanical joint
used for connecting shafts, whose axes are
inclined at an angle to each other.
FUNCTIONS: -
Used to connect shafts in rotation
High torque transmission efficiency
Permits angular displacement

4. UNIVERSAL JOINT

5. UNIVERSAL JOINT FAILURES
BRINELLING SPALLING END GALLING

6. WELD YOKEFATIGUE/SHOCK BURNED TRUNOIN

7. FATIGUE FAILURE OF UNIVERSAL JOINT
Four analyses has been done as follows:-
• Spectroscopic Analyses
• Metallographic Analyses
• Hardness Measurement
• Finite Element Analyses

8. SPECTROSCOPIC ANAYLYSES
• Material for yoke: - AISI 5046H (Low Alloy Steel)
Mechanical Properties: -
Tensile Strength: - 1750 MPa
Yield Strength: - 1400 MPa
Good combination of strength, toughness, ductility
Fe C Si Mn Cr Mo S P
Yoke
Material
97.91 0.50 0.18 0.92 0.34 0.044 0.035 0.0027
AISI
5046H
98 0.44-0.5 0.23 0.88 0.28 - 0.04 0.035

9. METALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES
• Microstructure contains Pearlite and Ferrite
• Material not quenched for sake of protection of
toughness
• Fine Pearlite formation as a result of air cooling

10. HARDNESS MEASUREMENT
• Rockwell A scale
• Mean Hardness Value : - 50.2 HRA

11. FINITE ELEMENT ANAYLYSES

12. DRIVE SHAFT
Functions: -
• To transfer the engine torque from gearbox or
differential to wheel
• To compensate for all variations in angle or length
resulting from maneuvering and deflection for
perfect synchronization between joints.

13. DRIVE SHAFT

14. DRIVE SHAFT FAILURES

16. SPECTROSCOPIC ANAYLYSES
• Material for yoke: - AISI 94B30H (Low Alloy Steel)
Mechanical Properties: -
Tensile Strength: - 1700 MPa
Yield Strength: - 1550 MPa
Boron steel having good formability
Fe C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo B S P
Shaft
material
98.21 0.32 0.2 0.81 0.31 0.14 0.059 0.0005 0.022 0.002
7
AISI
94B30H
97.7-
98.49
0.27-
0.33
0.15-
0.30
0.70-
1.05
0.25-
0.55
0.25-
0.65
0.08-
0.15
0.0005-
0.003
0.040 0.035

17. METALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES
• Decrement in carbon content of surface region
• Structure consists of Martensite and Ferrite
• High Temp. heat treatment

18. HARDNESS MEASUREMENT
• Outer surface hardness is less than inner surface
(10%)

19. FINITE ELEMENT ANAYLYSES

20. CONCLUSION
• Failures of both is result of fatigue process
• High stress points should be identified in case of
universal joint
• Modification can be done at as a material addition to
inner part of yoke.
• Surface heat treatment of drive shaft should be done
at joining

21. THANK YOU