The document provides information on locomotive bogies, including: - Bogies support the locomotive body and transfer weight to the rails while enabling wheel rotation and traction/braking force transmission. - Bogies are classified based on wheel arrangement like Bo-Bo or Co-Co and help negotiate curves. They include components like frames, wheels/axles, springs, and traction motor mounts. - Different types of bogies are discussed, including the Co-Co trimount bogie used on WAG5/WAM4 locomotives and the flexicoil bogie on high-speed WAP1-4 locomotives. - Key bogie parameters, components, and their specifications are compared for

1. LOCOMOTIVE BOGIES
1

2. TOPICS COVERED
• FUNCTION OF BOGIE
• TYPES OF BOGIES
• FEATURES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BOGIES
• BOGIE COMPONENTS
• COMPARISON OF GOODS BOGIES
• COMPARISON OF PASSENGER BOGIES
2

3. FUNCTIONS OF BOGIE
• Transfer weight of body and other
equipments to the rails.
• Support the Traction Motors and enable
them to transfer power to wheels .
• It provides guidance to wheel sets.
• Facilitate necessary rotation with respect to
body while negotiating curves
• Transmit tractive and braking forces to the
drawbar. In doing so the weight transfer be
kept to minimum 3

4. FUNCTIONS OF BOGIE
• Control and reduce vibrations imposed by
track irregularities within limits of comfort
safety.
• Control and reduce the forces on the track.
This is important for reducing track
maintenance and controlling wheel wear.
• Supports Loco Suspension and brake rigging
• Vital Role : To provide good ride and
stability
4

5. •The distance between the centre of extreme
wheels of a bogie is known as bogie wheel base.
•Bogie wheel base shall be well proportioned to
permit the bogie negotiating the curve and also
prevent tipping and jerking.
•The locomotive has two or more bogies on which
the body is mounted.
BOGIE
5

6. Bogies are classified based on
• No of axles
• Type of axle drive
Wheel arrangement : The type of axle drive and no. of axles
in a bogie.
B — Two axles Axles mechanically coupled
Bo — Two axles Axles independently driven
Co — Three axles Axles independently driven
Wheel arrangement of the locomotive is designated as
B-B, Bo-Bo or Co-Co
BOGIE CLASSIFICATION
6

7. B - B : WAG/1,WAG/2,WAG/3,WAG/4,YAM/1
Bo – Bo : WAM/1, WAM/2, WAM/3, WAP/5
Co-Co : WAM/4, WAG/5, WAG/6C, WCAM/l,
WAG/7-9 WCG/2, WAP/1-3, WAP/4-7
Bo-Bo-Bo : WAG/6A, WAG/6 B
Three phase locos have Bo-Bo(WAP/5) and Co-Co(WAP/7-
9) Type arrangement
WHEEL ARRANGEMENT OF LOCOMOTIVES
7

8. TYPE OF DRIVE.
FULLY SUSPENDED:
JAQUMIN : WAG1, WAG3,
WAG4, WAM1
QUILL : WAG2
WN COUPLING : WAM2, WAM3,WAG6B
HOLLOW ROTOR : WAG6A
HURTH : WAP5
AXLE HUNG NOSE SUSPENDED:
DIRECT DRIVE : WAM4, WAG5, WAG6C,
WAG7, WAG9, WCAM1,
WCAM3, WCG2,WAP1-4 8

9. TYPE OF BOGIE.
• CO-CO TRIMOUNT BOGIE
• FLEXICOIL BOGIE
• HIGH ADHESION BOGIE
• WAP5 BOGIE
9

10. CO-CO TRIMOUNT BOGIE
• CASTED BOGIE OF WAG5 & WAM4
• THREE PT. SUPPORT ( ONE CENTRE
PIVOT & 2 SIDE BEARERS)
• 4 GROUP OF HELICAL COIL SPRINGS ON
PRIMARY SUSPENSION & 4 SNUBBERS
• NO SECONDARY SUSPENSION
• EQUALISATION BY SUITABLE POSITIONING OF
SPRINGS & CONTROL OF WORKING HEIGHT
10

11. CO-CO TRIMOUNT BOGIE
• CARRIES A CENTRE PIVOT IN THE CROSS
MEMBER.
• CENTRAL PIVOT CARRIES 60% OF VERTICAL
LOAD, RECEIVES AND TRANSMITS TRACTIVE AND
BRAKING FORCES.
• SIDE BEARERS CARRY 40% OF THE VERTICAL
LOAD( 2 nos each 20%)
• DO NOT RECEIVE OR TRANSMIT TRACTIVE
AND BRAKING FORCES. 11

12. Chemical composition of Co- Co bogie
a. Manganese :0.85% max
b. Phosphorous :0.05% max
c. Sulphur :0.06% max
d. Cast Iron :0.25% max
• Material specification: Cast steel to AAR
specification M201 grade B normalised.
• weight of rough casting :3629 kg
• Weight of finishing Casting :3402kg +3%
CO-CO TRIMOUNT BOGIE
12

13. WAM-4 (CO-CO TRIMOUNT BOGIE) 13

14. WAM-4 (EQALISING BY DOUBLE BEAM )14

15. WAM-4 (EQALISING BY DOUBLE BEAM )15

16. WAG-5( SIMILAR TO WAM-4 ) 16

17. TM
TM TM
CO-CO TRIMOUNT BOGIE
17

18. CO-CO TRIMOUNT BOGIE
18

19. 19

20. FLEXICOIL BOGIE
• HIGH SPEED BOGIE OF WAP1, WAP3 & WAP4
WITH HIGH RIDING INDEX
• BOLSTER REST ON HEAVY COIL SPRINGS
,SUPPORTED ON BOGIE FRAME
MARK-I (WAP1)
- 2 FRICTION DAMPERS IN SEC.SUSPENSION
MARK-II (WAP4)
20

21. 3895
2160
1735 65
1 2 3 9 5
6 10
4
FLEXICOIL BOGIE
21

22. FLEXICOIL BOGIE
22

23. 1. BOGIE FRAME
2. BOLSTER
3. CENTRE PIVOT
4. PRIMARY SUSPENSION
5. SECONDARY SUSPENSION
6. FRICTION DAMPER
7. TRACTION MOTOR
8. GEAR CASE
9. NOSE SUSPENSION
10. BRAKE RIGGING
11. BRAKE CYLINDER
12. LIFTING LINK
23

24. GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF B.G. FLEXI-COIL BOIGE
WAP-4 MK-1-PLAN
1765
+
1.6
2197
JOURNAL
CRS
1. BOGIE FRAME
2. BOLSTER
3. CENTRE PIVOT
4. PRIMARY SUSPENSION
5. SECONDARY SUSPENSION
6. FRICTION DAMPER
7. TRACTION MOTOR
8. GEAR CASE
9. NOSE SUSPENSION
10. BRAKE RIGGING
11. BRAKE CYLINDER
12. LIFTING LINK
12
11 8
7
3 10
9
1 6
2
TM
TM
TM
BOLSTER
24

25. WAP-1( MARK-1 FLEXICOIL BOGIE) 25

26. WAP-1( BOLSTER ON BOGIE FRAME)26

27. WAP-1(HS ON PRIMARY & SEC.SUSP.)27

28. HIGH ADHESION BOGIE
• FABRICATED BOGIE OF WAG6C, WAG7 &
WCAM3
• EQUALISER BEAM TO AVOID WHEEL SLIPPING &
MINIMISE WEIGHT TRANSFER
• UNIDIRECTIONAL NOSE OF MOTOR
• TRANSFER OF TRACTIVE & BRAKING EFFORT BY
FLOATING CENTER PIVOT
• BODY SUPPORTED ON BOGIE BY 4 SIDE BEARERS(
RUBBER) TO SHARE VERTICAL LOAD
28

29. • SUSPENSION TUBE AND ROLLER BEARING(NO SUSPENSION
BEARINGS PROVIDED )
• PRIMARY SUSPENSION
HELICAL SPRINGS AND OIL DAMPERS. LATERAL OIL
DAMPER IS PROVIDED BETWEEN BODY & BOGIE
• SECONDARY SUSPENSION
BODY AND BOGIE (WITH THE HELP OF 4 NOS SIDE
BEARER RUBBER PADS)
• WHEEL BASE 3800 MM (1900 + 1900) WHERE AS IN CO-CO
3810 MM (1702 + 2108)
HIGH ADHESION BOGIE
29

30. 30

31. 31

32. 11
9
8
2
4
3
1
1900 1900
1213
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF HIGH ADHESION BOGIE
1. BOGIE FRAME ARRGT.
2. NOSE SUSPENSION ARRGT
3. WHEEL, AXLE BOX ASSLY
4. SUSPENSION ARRGT.
5. GEAR CASE ASSLY.
6. TRACTION MOTOR..
7. GEAR
8. BRAKE GREAARRGT.
9. SANDING GEAR ARRGT.
10. LIFTING ARRGT.
11. SIDE STOP ARRGT.
32

33. GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF HIGH ADHESION BOGIE
•11
•9
•8
•2
•4
•3
•1
•1900 •1900
•1213
•5775
•2840
BRAKE
CYCLINDER
CRS.
•2300
JOURNAL
CRS.
•31785
BRAKE
CRS.
•2420
SECONDARY
SPRING
CRS.
•660 •660
1. BOGIE FRAME ARRGT.
2. NOSE SUSPENSION ARRGT
3. WHEEL, AXLE BOX ASSLY
4. SUSPENSION ARRGT.
5. GEAR CASE ASSLY.
6. TRACTION MOTOR..
7. GEAR
8. BRAKE GREAARRGT.
9. SANDING GEAR ARRGT.
10. LIFTING ARRGT.
11. SIDE STOPARRGT.
•10
33

34. FABRICATED BOGIE FRAME OF WAG-7
34

35. FABRICATED BOGIE OF WAG-7
35

36. FABRICATED BOGIE FRAME OF WAG-7
36

37. 37

38. 38

39. 39

40. • Bogie frame
• Wheels
• Axles
• Manganese liners
• Pins and Bushes
• Axles boxes
• Springs
• Friction dampers/Snubbers.
• supports for traction motors
• Traction bars / Centre pivots/Side bearer
• Supports for brake rigging and brake cylinder
BOGIE COMPONENTS
40

41. PLAIN SUSPENSION BEARINGS OIL PUMP WITH GEARS
FOR LUBRICATION OF AXLE TM FIXING ARRANGEMENT-
TAO-659 TM
Tao 659 TM Fitted with plain
sleeve suspension bearing.
SUMP WITH PUMP
AND OIL
GEAR
CASE
AXLE
TM
TERMINAL
BOX
WOOL W. PAD
CHAMBER
41

42. TAO 650 TM fitted with
roller bearing
suspension.
AFTER CONVERSION
View of the axle fitted with roller suspension bearing fitted with TAO 650.
These conversions reduce suspension bearing failures and reduce
maintenance work considerably. And also ,no need to add lubricating oil after
this modification , hence a considerable saving on oil cost is achieved.
MSU WITH ROLLER
BEARINGS
42

43. AXLE
MSU TUBE
ROLLER BEARING
MAIN
GEAR
MSU PROVIDED WITH ROLLER BEARINGS
15250A TM (HITACHI)
43

44. MOTOR MOUNTED AXLE (WHEEL ON RUN)
44

45. WHEEL-AXLE ALONG WITH GEAR 45

46. TRACTION MOTOR WITH SUSPENSION BRG
46

47. MOTOR MOUNTED ON WHEEL AXLE WAG5
47

48. WHEELS AND AXLES
48

49. WHEEL SET WAG9
49

50. 50

51. Wheels and Axles WAP5
51

52. WHEELS AND AXLES WAP5
52

53. WHEELS AND AXLES WAP5
53

54. 54

55. WHEEL SET OF WAP1 LOCO WITH SUSPENSION BEARING
95-132 TONNES FOR WHEEL AND 125 TO 160 TONNES FOR GEAR
55

56. WHEEL SET OF WAG7 LOCO WITH ROLLER BEARING
56

57. WHEEL SET OF WAP4 LOCO WITH ROLLER BEARING
57

58. WHEELS AND AXLES
58

59. 59

60. 60

61. 61

62. 62

63. WAP4 LOCO
* Lateral
# END AXLES -1/3/4/6 : C1 + C2 , C3 + C 4 = Min 1.8 MM
Max – 3.6 MM
Service - 9.5 MM
# MID AXLES-2/5 : B1 + B2 , B3 + B4 = Min–1.8 MM
Max – 3.56MM
SL - 6.0MM
* Longitudinal Clearances
# AXLES-1/2/3/4/5/6 : A1 + A2 ,A3+A4 = Min – 0.35 MM
Max – 1.95 MM
SL -- 3.5 MM
AXLE BOX LATERALAND LONGITUIDINAL
CLEARANCES
63

64. AXLE BOX
LATERAL CLEARANCE
LONGITUDINAL CLN:
ADOPTER.
CAST
BOGIE HORN
AXLE
AXLE BOX
CLEARNCE OF WAP- 4 64

65. B1
B2
B3
B4
C1
C2
C3
C4
DETAIL AT ‘b’
DETAIL AT ‘a’
CLEARANCES BETWEEN AXLE BOX 7 PEDESTAL
LINERS OF FLEXI COIL BOIGE MARK-1
65

66. WAG7 LOCO
* LC
# END AXLES -1/3/4/6 : C1 + C2 , C3 + C 4 = MN 2.0 MM
MX – 4.0 MM
SL - 9.5 MM
# MID AXLES-2/5 : B1 + B2 , B3 + B4 = MN –2.4 MM
MX – 6.0 MM
SL - 11.5MM
* LT
# AXLES-1/2/3/4/5/6 : A1 + A2 = MN – 2.0 MM
MX – 4.0 MM
SL -- 6.0 MM
AXLE BOX LATERALAND LONGITUIDINAL
CLEARANCES
66

67. 67

68. OUTER SPRING WAG7
68

69. INNER SPRING WAG7
69

70. TC 75 dtd 29 May 2002
70

71. WAP4 SPRINGS
71

72. BLUE
BROWN GREEN WHITE
(USED SPRING)
WORKING HEIGHT & COLOUR
MATCHING OF SUSPENSION SPRING
OF FLEXI-COIL BOGIE MARK-1
NOTE:- 1. CONDEMNING LIMIT.,
5.0 mm. ABOVE AND 8.0mm. BELOW THE NOMINAL SATIC HEIGHT.
1.6
m.m.
5.0
m.m.
1.6
m.m.
TO
5
m.m.
BOVE
NOMINAL
NOMINAL
STAIC
HEIGHT
1.6
m.m.
1.6
m.m.
1.6
m.m.
BELOW
TO
1.6
m.m.ABOVE
NOMINAL
STAIC
HEIGHT
NORMAL
1.6
m.m.
TO
5.0
m.m.BELOW
NOMINAL
STAIC
HEIGHT
1.6
m.m.
5
m.m.
5
m.m.
8
m.m.
72

73. 73

74. IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS OF BOGIES
1. WHEEL DIA
NEW : 1092 mm
COND : 1016 mm.
WIDTH : 133± 1.5 mm
2. WHEEL CONTACT SURFACE : 1 IN 20 TAPER
3. DIA DIFFERENCE OF WHEELS
* SAME AXLE : MAX : 0.5 mm SERVICE LIMIT : 2.5 mm
* SAME BOGIE : MAX : 2.0 mm SERVICE LIMIT : 8.0 mm
* BOGIE TO BOGIE : MAX : 15.0 mm SERVICE LIMIT : 25.0 mm
4. WHEEL TO WHEEL DISTANCE : 1596.0 +/- 0.5mm
5. BUFFER HEIGHT : 1030 TO 1105 mm
6. RAIL GUARD GAP : 104 TO 119 mm
74

75. BOGIE SUSPENSION SYSTEM
75

76. •TO REDUCE THE VIBRATIONS WHICH ARE
PICKED UP BY THE WHEEL DUE TO
IRREGULARITIES IN THE SURFACE
•BALANCES THE VERTICAL LOADS BETWEEN THE
WHEELS
• PROVIDES COMFORT BY REDUCING VIBRATIONS
• PRIMARY SUSPENSION BETWEEN AXLE AND
THE BOGIE FRAME
• SECONDARY SUSPENSION BETWEEN THE
BOGIE FRAME AND THE VEHICLE BODY
SUSPENSION
76

77. PRI/SEC-SUSPENSION
77

78. 78

79. • TO PREVENT UNCONTROLLED BOUNCING EFFECT OF
LOCOMOTIVE BODY
• HELICAL COIL SPRING AND DAMPER IS PROVIDED AS A
RESISTING FORCE.
• FRICTION DAMPER
• HYDRAULIC DAMPER
• TRIMOUNT BOGIE HAS FRICTION DAMPER OR SNUBBER
ON FOUR OF THE INNER COILS OF EACH BOGIE.
• FRICTION DAMPERS PROVIDE VERTICAL DAMPING BY
FORCE OF FRICTION BETWEEN TWO CO-AXIAL
SUSPENSION
79

80. BOGIE SUSPENSION - DAMPERS
• Viscous dampers having resistance
proportional to speed.
• Friction dampers- having a fixed resistance
value
• Fluid dampers with increased resistance at
higher speeds.
• Damping must be below critical values.
80

81. BOGIES OF WAP 5 /WAG 9 LOCO
• Primary & Secondary suspension
• Primary suspension - Springs & damper
• Secondary suspension - Springs & damper
• Lateral dampers
• Yaw dampers
• WAP - 5 - Motors are fully suspended.
• WAG - 9 - Motors are Axle hung nose
suspended .
81

82. WAG9 BOGIE
82

83. BOGIE - WAG9
• Fabricated CO-CO
• Use of Helical Gears
• Gear Ratio 77:15 (WAG7-65:16)
• Axle Hung Nose Suspended Motors
• Cylindrical roller axle bearing with wing type axle
boxes (SGCI)
• Two stage coil spring suspension
• Four adjustable dampers including yaw dampers
• Cylindrical roller suspension tube bearing
83

84. • Flexible wheel set guidance
• Wheel flange lubrication
• Sealing adhesive for fasteners, gaskets
• Low traction bars, Vulkollan ring - less weight
transfer
• Two side frames, two centre transoms, a pivot
transom & head beam of stainless steel - very
sturdy
BOGIE - WAG9
84

85. WAG-9 DIMENSIONAL PARTICULARS
1. Body Dimensions (mm)
a. Length over head stocks - 19280
b. Length over buffers - 20562
c. Height of coupler from rail level - 1090
d. Distance over bogie centres - 12000
2. Bogie Dimensions (mm)
a. Length of bogie frame - 6209
b. Width of bogie frame - 2480
c. Bogie wheel base - 3700
d. Lat. Spacing of prim springs - 2240
e. Lat. Spacing of sec. Springs - 2240 85

86. WAG -9 DESIGN PARTICULARS
a. Wheel arrangement - Co-Co
b. Axle load (t) - 20.5
c. Wheel diameter – new (mm) - 1092
d. Wheel diameter – condemning (mm) - 1016
e. Bogie journal centre dist (mm) - 2240
f. Wheel profile - wear
adapted
86

87. 87

88. WAG9 BOGIE
88

89. TRANSMISSION WAG9
89

90. TRANSMISSION WAG9
90

91. 91

92. 92

93. 93

94. PRIMARY SUSPENSION WAG9
94

95. PRIMARY SUSPENSION
95

96. PRIMARY SUSPENSION
96

97. SECONDARY SUSPENSION WAG9
97

98. SECONDARY SUSPENSION
98

99. SECONDARY SUSPENSION
99

100. WAP5 BOGIE
100

101. WAP5 BOGIE
101

102. WAP5 LOCO BOGIE
102

103. 103

104. 104

105. WAP-5 LOCO BOGIE
• WAP-5 loco is provided with two axle bolster less bogie
having two stage suspension with helical coil springs in
both the stages.
• Loco body rests directly on the secondary springs mounted
on the bogie long beams. Anti-vibration rubber pads are
provided below and above these springs.
• Lateral guidance between bogie and loco body is provided
by flexi-coil action of secondary springs.
• The bogie frame is supported on primary springs mounted
on axle box. A pair of springs is provided on each axle box.
105

106. • Damping both in primary and secondary stages is
provided through hydraulic dampers. Four vertical
dampers, one on each axle box in primary stage and two
vertical, two lateral & two longitudinal dampers in
secondary stage are provided. One lateral damper is
provided with traction motor.
• A traction rod fitted with rubber pads is provided
between bogie and under frame to cushion the thrust
and for transmission of traction and braking forces.
• Bogie is provided with wheel mounted disc brakes.
• Bogie is also provided with sand gear arrangement.
WAP-5 LOCO BOGIE
106

107. • Guide links are provided between axle boxes and bogie
frame or wheel set guidance and transmission of traction
and braking forces.
• Wheel set guidance in lateral mode is provided by lateral
stiffness of primary springs.
• Traction motors are fully suspended in bogie frame to
reduce un-sprung weight. A crowned gear coupling is
provided between traction motor and gear box for
transmission of torque.
WAP-5 LOCO BOGIE
107

108. • Secondary spring guides, lateral & longitudinal
damper brackets, vertical & lateral bump stop
brackets are welded to the top plate of long beams.
• Vertical damper brackets and lifting chain brackets
are welded to the vertical plates of long beams.
• Traction motor mounting brackets and disc brake
mounting brackets are welded to the transoms.
• Traction bar bracket is welded to the bottom of end
transom.
WAP-5 LOCO BOGIE
108

109. CROWNED GEAR COUPLING
• WAP5 loco bogie is provided with fully suspended
traction motor i.e. motor is suspended in bogie frame
and connected to gear box (transmission) through a
crowned gear coupling HZK 100-280 supplied by ZF
HURTH, Germany.
• Gear box is connected on the driving axle. The motor
torque is transmitted to gear box through this gear
coupling.
• The coupling is designed to take radial, axial and angular
shaft misalignment.
• Coupling mainly consists of coupling sleeve assembly,
coupling star assembly, cover, O-ring, locking ring, sealing
ring, etc.
109

110. • Inner toothed coupling sleeves are mounted rigidly
on motor and transmission shaft.
• Coupling is equipped with separate closed lubricant
chambers in each coupling half. The lubricant
chambers remain closed when removing or installing
the motor or transmission.
• Maintenance is limited to a visual check for oil leaks
or damage and oil change during major schedule
inspections.
• The coupling is designed for maximum motor torque
of 10000 Nm and maximum speed of 3600 rpm.
CROWNED GEAR COUPLING
110

111. 111

112. 112

113. 113

114. 114

115. 115

116. BOGIE SUSPENSION SYSTEM
116

117. BOGIE SUSPENSION SYSTEM WAP5
117

118. BOGIE SUSPENSION SYSTEM WAP5
118

119. PRIMARY SUSPENSION WAP5
119

120. SECONDARY SUSPENSION WAP5
120

121. GEARBOX WAP5
121

122. TRANSMISSION WAP5
122

123. 123

124. 124

125. 125

126. 126

127. 127

128. TRACTION LINK IN THREE PHASE LOCO
128

129. 129

130. WAG-9 or WAP-5Low Traction Bar
130

131. TRACTION LINK
131

132. 132

133. TRACTION BAR
•Traction bar connects bogie with loco body an transmits
traction and braking forces from bogie to loco under frame.
•Traction bar is provided with two identical pivot points,
one attached to the locomotive under frame and other
attached to end transom of bogie.
•The pivot heads are fitted with Vulkollan / ALCATHAN
(synthetic rubber) rings, secured by an outer retaining ring
and a retaining plate bolted to the pivot post.
•Vulkollan rings cushions the thrust.
•Traction bar permits bogie rotation but constrains
longitudinal movement.
133

134. TRACTION BAR
•Traction bar is symmetrical end-to-end and can be
installed either way. Pivot heads are identical and
interchangeable.
•Traction bar is secured to loco under frame through
safety cables.
•Installed inclination of traction bar is 1 in 10 (5.71o).
•Care should be taken to keep the Vulkolan rings free
from oil, grease or other rubber solvents.
134

135. 1-PIVOT HEAD
2-CONNECTING ROD
3-ROD FLANGES
135

136. Description
•High grade water-crosslinked polyurethane elastomer .
Important properties
Highest elasticity and abrasion resistance designed for
extreme dynamic loads
•excellent dynamic load bearing capacity
•extremely wear and tear resistant
•high tear propagation resistance
•low compression set
•temperature range from -40°C (-40°F) to +80°C (176°F)
•good resistance against mineral oils, grease, petrol and ozone
ALCATHAN
136
Another similar product is volkalan

137. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT BOGIES
137

138. COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(GOODS)
SN Description WAG-9 WAG-7 WAG-5
1 Axle Arrangement Co-Co Co-Co Co-Co
2 Design Speed,
km/h
100 100 105
3 Axle load, t 20.5 20.5 19.7
4 Starting TE, t/loco 47 42 33
5 Bogie Frame Fabricated Fabricated Cast
6 Bogie frame
weight, t
3.44 4.5 4.2
7 Assembled Wt. t 22.5 27 21.5 138

139. COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO BOGIES
(Contd..)
SN Description WAG-9 WAG-7 WAG-5
8 Un-sprung mass
/axle, t
3.99 4.415 3.80
9 Wt.of TM, t 2.1 3.75 2.8
10 T.M.
Arrangement
Axle hung
nose
suspended
Axle hung
nose
suspended
Axle hung
nose
suspended
11 Suspension
a. Primary
b. Secondary
Coil Spg.
Coil Spg.
Coil Spg.
Rubber pad
Coil Spg.
-
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(GOODS)
139

140. COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO BOGIES
(Contd…)
SN Description WAG-9 WAG-7 WAG-5
12 Damping
Primary Vertical Hydraulic Hydraulic
4
Friction
snubber 4
Secondary
Vertical
Hydraulic - -
Lateral Hydraulic Hydraulic Friction
CP & LP
Yaw Hydraulic - -
13 Long Guidance of
wheel set
Guide rod
with rubber
bushes
Horn
guides
Horn
guides
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(GOODS)
140

141. COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO BOGIES
(Contd..)
SN Description WAG-9 WAG-7 WAG-5
14 Axle bearing Cyl. Roller Cyl. Roller Cyl. Roller
15 Lateral wheel set
guidance
Primary
springs
Horn guide &
thrust pad
Horn guide
16 Long Guidance of
loco body
Traction bar Centre pivot
with rubber
bush
Centre pivot
17 Wheel base 3700 3800 3810
18 Brake Rigging Clasp type
TBU
Clasp type
Convl.Brake
Clasp type
Convl.
Brake
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(GOODS)
141

142. COMPARIS COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO BOGIES
DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO BOGIES
SN Description WAG-9 WAG-7 WAG-5
8 Un-sprung mass
/axle, t
3.99 4.415 3.80
9 Wt.of TM, t 2.1 3.75 2.8
10 T.M.
Arrangement
Axle hung
nose
suspended
Axle hung
nose
suspended
Axle hung
nose
suspended
11 Suspension
a. Primary
b. Secondary
Coil Spg.
Coil Spg.
Coil Spg.
Rubber pad
Coil Spg.
-
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(GOODS)
142

143. COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO BOGIES
(Contd…)
SN Description WAG-9 WAG-7 WAG-5
12 Damping
Primary Vertical Hydraulic Hydraulic
4
Friction
snubber 4
Secondary
Vertical
Hydraulic - -
Lateral Hydraulic Hydraulic Friction
CP & LP
Yaw Hydraulic - -
13 Long Guidance of
wheel set
Guide rod
with rubber
bushes
Horn
guides
Horn
guides
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(GOODS)
143

144. COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO BOGIES
(Contd..)
SN Description WAG-9 WAG-7 WAG-5
14 Axle bearing Cyl. Roller Cyl. Roller Cyl. Roller
15 Lateral wheel set
guidance
Primary
springs
Horn guide &
thrust pad
Horn guide
16 Long Guidance of
loco body
Traction bar Centre pivot
with rubber
bush
Centre pivot
17 Wheel base 3700 3800 3810
18 Brake Rigging Clasp type
TBU
Clasp type
Convl.Brake
Clasp type
Convl.
Brake
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(GOODS)
144

145. SN Description WAP-5 WAP-1/4 WAP-3
1 Axle Arrangement Bo-Bo Co-Co Co-Co
2 Design Speed, km/h 180 145/160 180
3 Axle load, t 19.5 18.80/19 22.2
4 Starting TE, t/loco 26.4 22.2/30.8 22.2
5 Bogie Frame Fabricated Cast Fabricated
6 Bolster No Yes Yes
7 Wt. of bogie frame,
ton
2.16 3.435 3.418
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(COACHING)
145

146. COMPARISON OF LOCO FEATURES
SN Description WAP-5 WAP 1/4 WAP-3
8 Un-sprung
Wt/axle, t
2.69 3.91/4.4 3.97
9 Wt.of TM, t 2.17 2.8/3.75 2.80
10 Damping
- Primary Vertical Hydraulic - Hydraulic
- Secondary
Vertical
Hydraulic Friction
BFD
Hydraulic
- Secondary
Lateral
Hydraulic --do-- Hydraulic
- Secondary Yaw Hydraulic Pivot
Friction
Pivot
Friction
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(COACHING)
146

147. COMPARISON OF LOCO FEATURES
SN Description WAP-5 WAP-1/4 WAP-3
11 Long Guidance
a. Wheel set Guide link Horn
Friction
Guide link
& Horn
b. Bolster car
Body
Traction bar BFD & CP Traction
bar & CP
12 Lat. wheel set
guidance
Primary
springs
Horns,
Thrust pads
Guide link
& horn
13 Traction motor
suspension
Fully
suspended
Axle hung
nose
suspended
Axle hung
nose
suspended
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(COACHING)
147

148. SN Description WAP-5 WAP-1/4 WAP-3
14 Axle bearing Taper Roller Cylindrical
Roller
Cylindrical
Roller
15 Gear Ratio 3.94 2.76/2.52 2.76
16 Brake System Wheel
Mounted
Disc brakes
Clasp Type
Convl.
Brake
rigging
Clasp Type
Convl.
Brake
rigging
COMPARISON OF DESIGN FEATURES OF LOCO
BOGIES(COACHING)
148

149. BOGIE: CONVENTIONAL AND MODERN
FUNCTION CONVENTIONAL MODERN
1. Axle guidance Guide rods - long.
Primary susp-lateral
2. Static load
Pivot, side bearers
Equalisers
Secondary,
primary susp.
3. Vibrations
damping
Vertical-friction damp
lateral, pitching no damp.
Long. Guide rod
Ver. Py 4 per bogie
Ver Sy 2 per bogie
Lat 2 per bogie
Antiyaw 2 per bogie
4. TM suspension
Axle hung nose susp
no lateral control
WAG9 AHNS
WAP 5 bogie mounted
lateral damper 1per TM
5. Unsprung mass High low
6. Trac./ Bra. effort Center pivot Traction bar- low
Horns- hunting,
maintenance of liners
149

150. 150

151. HUNTING: COMBINED ROLLING + NOSING (VIOLENT MOTION)
151

152. VEHICLE DEFECTS CAUSING PARASITC MOTION
A. VEHICLE DEFECT
• Coupling
• Worn wheel
• Ineffective spring
• Side Bearer Clearance
• In-effective Pivot
PARASITIC MOTION
• Shuttling, Nosing
• Hunting, Nosing,
Lurching
• Bouncing, Pitching,
Rolling
• Rolling, Nosing
• Nosing
152

153. Axle Box: Cast steel
Bearings :Grease lubricated cylindrical
roller bearings type SKF CRU 150, BC2-0067 A
153

154. 1. Frame
2. Vertical damper
VERTICAL DAMPER
154

155. AXLE BOX GUIDE ROD
155

156. •The guide rod, which is bolted to the axle box
housing and to the bogie frame, provides a
longitudinal guide for the axle box housing.
•The guide rod is fitted with spherical rubber joints
(Spheribloc) at each end, which provide positive
longitudinal guidance while allowing negligible
resistance to lateral movement.
•The guide rods contact the bottom of the axle box and
provide positive lift for the wheelset whenever the
bogie is raised.
•Each axle box has one guide rod. There are six guide
rods on the Co-Co bogie.
GUIDE ROD
156

157. WHEEL FLANGE LUIBRICATOR
157

158. • The flange lubrication is pneumatically operated by control
valves located on the Brake Frame
• Lubricant is periodically released from the reservoir tank
through a pneumatlcally operated distribution valve and is
sprayed onto the wheel flanges trom nozzles situated above
each end wheel.
• A pneumatic and hydraulic pipe is connected to each nozzle.
• The hydraulic piping connects the distribution valve to the
nozzles on the individual wheels.
• The pneumatic piping provides pressured air to create a low
pressure point at each nozzle.
• The low pressure point at the tip of the nozzle draws oil
through the hydraulic piping and sprays atomised oil onto the
wheel flanges,
WHEEL FLANGE LUBRICATOR
158

159. AXLE HOLDER
2.AXLE HOLDER OR
MIDDLE AXLE LINK
159