The traditional drug system.The method of preparation of bhasma. the standardization of bhasma

1. BHASMA

2. INTRODUCTION
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medicine.
 Concept of reduction in particle size  Charaka
Samhita(1500 B.C)  Louhadi rasayana.
 Concept of Bhasma preparation  7th century.
 Bhasmas  the unique Ayurvedic metallic/mineral
preparations  metals or minerals are treated with herbal
juices or decoctions make them into pellets  exposed
to certain quantum of heat as per Puta.
 Bhasmas  the most ancient application of Nano

3. BHASMA
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 Shodhana
 Bhavana
 Marana
Influence of Shodhana on Bhasma preparation:
 Shodhana procedures: help either in the
disintegration of molecules or particles to divide into
finest divisions
 To expose their maximum surface area for further
chemical or physical reaction
 To help these in making organo metallic compounds
 make them more acceptable by the body tissues
and organs.

4. Nirvapa
Heating
Linear expansion
Immediate cooling
Decrease in tension & increase in compression force
Repetition of heating & cooling
Disruption in compression tension equilibrium
Increased brittleness, reduction in hardness & particle size
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5.  Bhavana  Wet grinding  shodhita
metals/minerals with specific liquid media for
specific period  convert them into more finer
form.
 Helps in conversion of coarse powder to finer
state.
 Impregnation of properties of media to the
material which lead to unique and suitable
physicochemical changes.
 Facilitate further processing  Marana.

LEVIGATION) ON BHASMA
PREPARATION
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6. JARANA
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 Jarana is the intermediate procedure for the
metals having low melting point, between
Shodhana and Marana.
 Metals are melted  mixed with particular plant
drug powders  are rubbed by iron ladle until
metals become complete powder form.
 Oxidation of metals occurs during heating at
open air , which increases the melting point of
the metal.
 Facilitates reduction of particle size.

7. CONCEPT OF MARANA
 The process which converts purified metals and
minerals into Bhasma after subjecting them to
levigation and incineration is called Marana
Role of Marana
 Marana responsible for feasible changes 
converts these industrial materials 
magnificent medicine.
 Increase in no of puta
particle
 Conjugation of trace elements
 Elimination of impurities.
Decease in size of
 Formation of desirable compounds which are
biologically favorable to the body. 7

8. Ashodita Shodhita Powder of Metal Bhavana
Chakrika
s
Sharava samputa Puta Bhasma
STAGES OF BHASMA PREPARATION
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9. CHARACTERISTICS OF BHASMA
 Physical - Varitara, Rekhapoorna, Unama,
Slakshnatwa, Sookshmatwa, Anjana sannibha,
Varna, Nishchandra
 Chemical – Apunarbhava , Niruttha
Credentials of Bhasma
Rasayana
Yogavahi
Alpa matra
Shighra vyapti
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Agni deepana

10. Standardization
• Tests 1 Description/Colour/Odour
• 2 Identification –chemical composition.
• 3 Particle size mesh size — 200 – 300.
• 4 Loss on drying at 105 C
• 5 Total – ash
• 6 Acid – insoluble ash
• 7 Water soluble ash
• 8 Assay of element (s)
• 9 Ayurvedic specifications
• 10 Lustreless (Nishchandrica)
• 11 Fine enough to enter the crevices of finger (Rekha purnatva)
• 12 Floats on water (Varitara)
• 13 Smokeless (Nirdhoom)
• 14 Tasteless (Niswadu)
• 15 Irreversible (Apunar bhav)
• 16.NPST